The effect of an unsaturated-fat diet on cataract formation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Hutton ◽  
P. J. Schofield ◽  
J. F. Williams ◽  
H. L. Regtop ◽  
F. C. Hollows
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Unsaturated Fat

scholarly journals The effect of an unsaturated-fat diet on cataract formation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Hutton ◽  
P. J. Schofield ◽  
J. F. Williams ◽  
H. L. Regtop ◽  
F. C. Hollows
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Unsaturated Fat ◽  
Daily Water Intake ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

1. Cataract formation in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats was reduced by approximately 85% when a diet rich in maize oil (300 g/kg diet) (fat diet) was given, thus confirming results of earlier studies. However, the concentration of sorbitol in the lens of diabetic animals remained high, the values for diabetic rats given the standard diet and the fat diet being 65 and 40 μmol/g protein respectively.2. With the standard diet, the fatty acid profile of the triglycerides of the epididymal fat pads was characterized by a greater relative proportion of saturated fatty acids for the diabetic animals compared to that for the normal animals. The fat diet moderated the tendency towards saturation in the diabetic animals.3. The fat diet had other effects on the diabetic animals; these included a reduced mortality rate, increased body-weight, a decrease in the daily water intake, and in the daily urinary excretion of glucose and urea.4. In the diabetic animals the fat diet had no effect on the specific activities in the liver of hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1), glucokinase (EC 2.7.1.2), phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11) and pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40). However, the specific activity of glucose-6-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.9) was reduced, while that of malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NADP) (EC 1.1.1.40) was increased. The NAD+: NADH ratio, as calculated from liver pyruvate and lactate concentrations, tended to increase.5. The results suggested that the fat diet moderated the long-term metabolic effects of diabetes.

Inhibitory Effect of Astraxanthin Combined with Flavangenol® on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Streptozotocin-Iduced Diabetic Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (45) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Nakano ◽  
Natsumi Orimo ◽  
Nakako Katagiri ◽  
Masahito Tsubata ◽  
Jiro Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

In this study, the effect of dietary antioxidants, such as astaxanthin and Flavangenol®, and a combination of both, in counteracting oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetes was investigated. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were divided into four groups: control, astaxanthin, Flavangenol, and combined astaxanthin and Flavangenol (mix group). Each group other than the control group was fed with an astaxanthin diet (0.1 g/kg), Flavangenol diet (2.0 g/kg), or an astaxanthin (0.1 g/kg)-Flavangenol (2.0 g/kg) mixture diet, respectively. After 12 weeks of feeding, the results showed that the lipid peroxide levels of plasma and lens and the plasma triglyceride (TG) level in the mix group were significantly decreased by 44%, 20%, and 20%, respectively, compared with the control group. In the mix group, lipid peroxidation was also significantly reduced by 70% in the liver and 20% in the kidney compared with the control group. Furthermore, the level of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the mix group was significantly lower, 36%, than the control group. The α-tocopherol concentrations in the plasma, liver, and kidney in the astaxanthin and mix groups were significantly higher, 3-9 times, than in the control group. The degree of cataract formation in the Flavangenol and mix groups tended to be lower than the control group. These results indicate that the combination of astaxanthin with Flvangenol has an improved protective effect on oxidative stress associated with streptozotocin-induced diabetes than either agent used alone. Thus, this combination may be beneficial in preventing the progression of diabetic complications.

Cataract Formation Is Prevented by Administration of Verapamil to Diabetic Rats*

Endocrinology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 730-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRANT N. PIERCE ◽  
NASIR AFZAL ◽  
EDWIN A. KROEGER ◽  
M. KATHERINE LOCKWOOD ◽  
MICHAEL J. B. KUTRYK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cataract Formation

Effect of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibition on Sugar Cataract Formation in Galactose-fed and Diabetic Rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER F. KADOR ◽  
JUN INOUE ◽  
E.FILLIPO SECCHI ◽  
MARTIN J. LIZAK ◽  
LIBANIEL RODRIGUEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Sorbitol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Sugar Cataract

Therapeutic effects of various renin angiotensin modulators on hyperglycemia-induced cataract formation in Sprague Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212096240
Author(s):  
Jaya Shree ◽  
Rajesh Choudhary ◽  
Surendra H Bodakhe
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

Objects: Our previous research work reported the beneficial effects of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) for the treatment of diabetes associated cataract which was induced by streptozotocin (STZ). The current study, evaluated the effects of topical administration of various renin angiotensin modulators on STZ-induced cataracts in rats. Methods: Single dose of STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered in the rats to induce diabetes. Animals were divided into normal and diabetic rats. Normal rats were administered with single dose of sodium citrate buffer (0.1 M, 10ml/kg, i.p.). Diabetic animals were divided into various treatment groups, each group contains six animals and received aliskiren, olmesartan, enalapril, and angiotensin 1–7 at a dose of 0.5% w/v topically on the cornea of the eye for a period of 8 weeks. During experimental protocol morphology of the eyes and lenticular opacity were monitored. Animals were sacrificed after 8 weeks of drug treatment, and various cataractogenic biochemical parameters were assessed. Results: Topical administrations with aliskiren, enalapril, olmesartan, and angiotensin 1–7 showed non-significant alterations in the blood glucose level, but significantly decreased lenticular opacity, restored antioxidant level, restored MDA level and Nitrite content, and decreased the onset of cataract formation. Conclusion: Overall, our findings suggest that topical treatment with renin angiotensin modulators delayed the onset of diabetes-induced cataract formation.

scholarly journals High-fructose feeding of streptozotocin-diabetic rats is associated with increased cataract formation and increased oxidative stress in the kidney

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda C. Bell ◽  
John C. Carlson ◽  
Katrina C. Storr ◽  
Kelley Herbert ◽  
Jacob Sivak
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Kidney Microsomes ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats

We examined the effects of high-fructose (FR) feeding on the development of diabetic complications in the lens and the kidney of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. Male Wistar Furth rats were treated with one of two doses of STZ (HIGH STZ, 55 mg/kg body weight; MOD STZ, 35 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle alone (SHAM) and were then assigned to a control (CNTL) or 400 g FR/kg diet for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, body weight, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations differed among STZ groups (HIGH v. MOD v. SHAM, P<0·001) but did not differ due to diet. Plasma FR concentrations were significantly higher in FR-fed v. CNTL-fed groups (P<0·0001) and in HIGH-STZ groups v. MOD-STZ and SHAM groups (P<0·0004 and P<0·0001 respectively). Focal length variability of the lens, a quantitative measure of cataract formation, was increased in the HIGH STZ, FR group compared with the HIGH STZ, CNTL group (P<0·01). The concentration of H2O2 in kidney microsomes was significantly higher in HIGH STZ, FR rats v. HIGH STZ, CNTL rats (P<0·01). Microalbuminuria was not observed in any of the groups examined, and there was no evidence of extensive histological damage in the kidney from any rats. Under conditions of severe hyperglycaemia, high FR intake promotes the development of cataracts in the lens of the eye, and results in increased concentrations of substances indicative of oxidative stress in the kidney. Although FR has been suggested as a carbohydrate source for diabetics, a high FR diet coupled with hyperglycaemia produces effects that may promote some of the complications associated with diabetes.

Moderate Exercise Combined with Dietary Vitamins C and E Counteracts Oxidative Stress in the Kidney and Lens of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rat

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Kutlu ◽  
Mustafa Naziroglu ◽  
Halil Simsek ◽  
Turgut Yilmaz ◽  
A. Sahap Kükner
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Β Carotene

Oxidative stress has a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced cataract formation and nephropathy. Daily moderate exercise and vitamins C and E (VCE) supplementation can be beneficial to diabetes due to reducing blood glucose and free radical production The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of moderate exercise with vitamin VCE on lipid peroxidation (LP) and antioxidative systems in the kidneys and lens of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Forty female Wistar rats were used. They were randomly divided into four groups. The first and second groups were used as control and diabetic groups. The third group was the diabetic-exercise group. VCE-supplemented feed was given to diabetic-exercise rats constituting the fourth group. Animals in the exercised groups were moderately exercised daily on a treadmill for three weeks (five days a week). Diabetes was induced on day zero of exercise. Body weights in the four groups were recorded weekly. Lens and kidney samples were taken from all animals on day 20. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin E, and β-carotene levels in kidney and lens, albumin in plasma, and body weight were significantly lower in the diabetic group than in the control group, whereas there was a significant increase in LP of kidney and lens as well as plasma glucose, urea, and creatinine levels in the diabetic group. The decrease in antioxidant enzymes, vitamins, and albumin and the increase in LP and glucose levels in diabetic rats were significantly improved with exercise and VCE supplementation. In the diabetic animals, the decreased β-carotene and vitamins A levels in kidney did not improve through exercise only, although their levels were increased by exercise plus VCE supplementation. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that lipid peroxidation increases in the lens and kidney of diabetic animals and this could be due to decreases in antioxidant vitamins and enzymes. However, dietary VCE with moderate exercise may strengthen the antioxidant defense system through the reduction of ROS and blood glucose levels. The VCE supplementations with exercise may play a role in preventing the development of diabetic nephropathy and cataract formation in diabetic animals.

Poly(ADP-Ribose)Polymerase Inhibition Counteracts Cataract Formation and Early Retinal Changes in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor R. Drel ◽  
Weizheng Xu ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Peter F. Kador ◽  
Tayyeba K. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats

Sites of Insulin Action Using Ferritin Labeling

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 540-541
Author(s):  
Burton B. Silver ◽  
Ronald S. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Insulin Antibody ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Uranium Salts ◽  
Sugar Levels

Some investigators feel that insulin does not enter cells but exerts its influence in some manner on the cell surface. Ferritin labeling of insulin and insulin antibody was used to determine if binding sites of insulin to specific target organs could be seen with electron microscopy.Alloxanized rats were considered diabetic if blood sugar levels were in excess of 300 mg %. Test reagents included ferritin, ferritin labeled insulin, and ferritin labeled insulin antibody. Target organs examined were were diaphragm, kidney, gastrocnemius, fat pad, liver and anterior pituitary. Reagents were administered through the left common carotid. Survival time was at least one hour in test animals. Tissue incubation studies were also done in normal as well as diabetic rats. Specimens were fixed in gluteraldehyde and osmium followed by staining with lead and uranium salts. Some tissues were not stained.

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