scholarly journals Nicotinic Acid, Pantothenic Acid and Biotin in Fruits, Vegetables and Nuts

1952 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 341-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilys. P. James
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Pantothenic Acid

scholarly journals Adaptive laboratory evolution and reverse engineering of single-vitamin prototrophies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Perli ◽  
Dewi P.I. Moonen ◽  
Marcel van den Broek ◽  
Jack T. Pronk ◽  
Jean-Marc Daran
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Adaptive Laboratory Evolution ◽  
Laboratory Evolution ◽  
B Vitamin

AbstractQuantitative physiological studies on Saccharomyces cerevisiae commonly use synthetic media (SM) that contain a set of water-soluble growth factors that, based on their roles in human nutrition, are referred to as B-vitamins. Previous work demonstrated that, in S. cerevisiae CEN.PK113-7D, requirements for biotin could be eliminated by laboratory evolution. In the present study, this laboratory strain was shown to exhibit suboptimal specific growth rates when either inositol, nicotinic acid, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, para-aminobenzoic acid (pABA) or thiamine were omitted from SM. Subsequently, this strain was evolved in parallel serial-transfer experiments for fast aerobic growth on glucose in the absence of individual B-vitamins. In all evolution lines, specific growth rates reached at least 90 % of the growth rate observed in SM supplemented with a complete B-vitamin mixture. Fast growth was already observed after a few transfers on SM without myo-inositol, nicotinic acid or pABA. Reaching similar results in SM lacking thiamine, pyridoxine or pantothenate required over 300 generations of selective growth. The genomes of evolved single-colony isolates were re-sequenced and, for each B-vitamin, a subset of non-synonymous mutations associated with fast vitamin-independent growth were selected. These mutations were introduced in a non-evolved reference strain using CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing. For each B-vitamin, introduction of a small number of mutations sufficed to achieve substantially a increased specific growth rate in non-supplemented SM that represented at least 87% of the specific growth rate observed in fully supplemented complete SM.ImportanceMany strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a popular platform organism in industrial biotechnology, carry the genetic information required for synthesis of biotin, thiamine, pyridoxine, para-aminobenzoic acid, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid and inositol. However, omission of these B-vitamins typically leads to suboptimal growth. This study demonstrates that, for each individual B-vitamin, it is possible to achieve fast vitamin-independent growth by adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). Identification of mutations responsible for these fast-growing phenotype by whole-genome sequencing and reverse engineering showed that, for each compound, a small number of mutations sufficed to achieve fast growth in its absence. These results form an important first step towards development of S. cerevisiae strains that exhibit fast growth on cheap, fully mineral media that only require complementation with a carbon source, thereby reducing costs, complexity and contamination risks in industrial yeast fermentation processes.

B-COMPLEX VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION OF PIG RATIONS BASED ON BARLEY GROWN ON GREY WOODED SOILS

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Owen ◽  
A. Reddon ◽  
F. Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Peace River ◽  
River Region ◽  
B Vitamin

Ninety-two sows and two hundred and sixteen pigs were employed in four gestation-lactation and three growing-finishing experiments to determine the adequacy of barley grown on the Grey Wooded soils of the Peace River region in northwestern Canada, as a source of riboflavin, pantothenic and nicotinic acid in swine rations. Vitamin B12 was assessed as a dietary essential in the all-plant rations. In the gestation-lactation experiments sow gains during gestation were greater in the B-vitamin supplemented lot and a trend toward heavier weaning weights of pigs was evident. Vitamin supplementation increased the level of vitamin B12 in sow’s milk collected 1 week post-partum and of both riboflavin and pantothenic acid collected 1 week and 6 weeks post-partum. Nicotinic acid content of sows’ milk was unaffected by supplementation. There was a highly significant decrease in riboflavin level in both control and supplemented lots between 1 and 6 weeks following parturition. The decrease was greatest in the unsupplemented lot.B-vitamin supplementation did not affect growing period gains or pig carcass quality in the growing-finishing experiments. However, certain significant growth responses were noted in the finishing period.The data indicate that the basal rations employed contained adequate riboflavin, pantothenic and nicotinic acid to support normal gestation, lactation and growth in Yorkshire swine.

The Nicotinic Acid, Biotin, and Pantothenic Acid Content of Cows' Milk

1946 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Lawrence ◽  
B. L. Herrington ◽  
L. A. Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Pantothenic Acid

scholarly journals Intracellular symbiosis and vitamin requirements of two insects, Lasioderma serricorne and Sitodrepa panicea

1944 ◽  
Vol 132 (867) ◽  
pp. 212-221 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Lasioderma Serricorne ◽  
White Flour ◽  
Vitamin Requirements ◽  
Pure Substances ◽  
Better Than

Normal larvae of two beetles, Lasioderma serricorne and Sitodrepa panicea , and larvae freed from their intracellular symbionts have been grown on various diets. On white flour, a food deficient in vitamins of the B group, normal larvae grow very much better than sterilized larvae, while no such difference in the growth rate occurs on a diet rich in vitamins of the B group, e. g. wholemeal flour plus yeast. On an artificial diet which contains the vitamins of the B complex in pure substances, the normal Lasioderma larva grows well or fairly well in the absence of either thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, pyridoxin or pantothenic acid, and the normal Sitodrepa larva in the absence of any of these vitamins except thiamin. The sterilized larvae of both species fail to grow in the absence of any of these five vitamins. It is concluded that the intracellular symbionts of Lasioderma and Sitodrepa supply vitamins of the B group.

Thermal degradation kinetics of nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid and catechin derived from Averrhoa bilimbi fruits

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (90) ◽  
pp. 74132-74137 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Muhamad ◽  
M. M. Yusoff ◽  
J. Gimbun
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Thermal Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

The nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid and catechin obtained from Averrhoa bilimbi suffer from thermal degradation.

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