scholarly journals Trends in milk production, calving rate and survival of cows in 14 Irish dairy herds as a result of the introgression of Holstein-Friesian genes

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Evans ◽  
P. Dillon ◽  
F. Buckley ◽  
D. P. Berry ◽  
M. Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Parity Number ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Calving Rate

AbstractTrends in milk production, calving rates, and survival were monitored on a potential 5580 primiparous and multiparous Holstein-Friesian dairy cows across 14 Irish seasonal spring-calving dairy farms between the years 1990 and 2001. Over this period calving rate to first service (CALV1) reduced by 0·96% per year (55 to 44%;P< 0·001), calving rate to first and second service (CALV12) reduced by 0·84% per year ( 77 to 70%;P< 0·001) and herd average parity number reduced by 0·10 lactation per year (4·3 to 3·5;P<0·001). The proportion of North American Holstein Friesian (NAHF) genes in the cows increased by 5·5% per year (8 to 63%;P<0·001), while pedigree index for milk yield (PIMILK) of the cows increased by 25 kg per year (P<0·001). The predicted difference of the sires of the cows for calving interval and survival increased by 0·5 days (P<0·001) and reduced by 0·12% (P<0·001) per year, respectively. A negative association was found between increased phenotypic milk yield, NAHF and PIMILKand reduced calving rates as assessed by CALV1 and CALV12. Increased proportion of NAHF genes exhibited a negative effect on survival (P<0·001) whereas increased levels of heterosis had a positive impact on survival (P<0·001). The results of the present study indicate that in seasonal calving herds in Ireland a need for direct selection on traits related to fertility and survival is required to arrest and reverse the declining trends in calving rates and survival.

scholarly journals Relationship of dairy heifer reproduction with survival to first calving, milk yield and culling risk in the first lactation

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1360-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Fodor ◽  
Zsolt Lang ◽  
László Ózsvári
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Relationship Of

Objective: The aim of our study was to determine the associations of heifer reproductive performance with survival up to the first calving, first-lactation milk yield, and the probability of being culled within 50 days after first calving.Methods: Data from 33 large Holstein-Friesian commercial dairy herds were gathered from the official milk recording database in Hungary. The data of heifers first inseminated between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2014 were analyzed retrospectively, using Cox proportional hazards models, competing risks models, multivariate linear and logistic mixed-effects models.Results: Heifers (n = 35,128) with younger age at conception were more likely to remain in the herd until calving, and each additional month in age at conception increased culling risk by 5.1%. Season of birth was related to first-lactation milk yield (MY1; n = 19,931), with cows born in autumn having the highest milk production (p<0.001). The highest MY1 was achieved by heifers that first calved between 22.00 and 25.99 months of age. Heifers that calved in autumn had the highest MY1, whereas calving in summer was related to the lowest milk production (p<0.001). The risk of culling within 50 days in milk in first lactation (n = 21,225) increased along with first calving age, e.g. heifers that first calved after 30 months of age were 5.52-times more likely to be culled compared to heifers that calved before 22 months of age (p<0.001). Calving difficulty was related to higher culling risk in early lactation (p<0.001). Heifers that required caesarean section were 24.01-times more likely to leave the herd within 50 days after first calving compared to heifers that needed no assistance (p<0.001).Conclusion: Reproductive performance of replacement heifers is closely linked to longevity and milk production in dairy herds.

Comparison of milk production, mastitis, lameness and days to conception of Brown Swiss, Holstein and Holstein cross Brown Swiss dairy cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
G Wellwood ◽  
J K Margerison
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Mastitis is a complex disease causing inflammation of the udder, which has been estimated to cost the dairy farmer between £40-£117/cow per year (Stott et al., 2002). Economic loss occurs as a result of discarded milk, reduced milk yield and milk quality, increased vet costs and an increase in replacement costs. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of breed on the incidence of mastitis and somatic cell counts and milk production capabilities of Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss and Brown Swiss crossbred cows.

Effect of temperature and relative humidity on the milk production of dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Ivan Imrich ◽  
Róbert Toman ◽  
Martina Pšenková ◽  
Eva Mlyneková ◽  
Tomáš Kanka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Index Value

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of environmental housing conditions on the milk yield of dairy cows. Measurements were taken in the summer period from June to September 2020 and in the winter period during January 2021 on a large-capacity farm of Holstein Friesian cattle. Cows were housed in free stall barn with the lying boxes and selected during the second or third lactations, in the summer period from the 51st day to the 135th day and in the winter period from the 64th day to the 120th day of lactation. The average temperature in the housing was 23 °C in summer, and 7.05 °C in winter. The average THI (thermal humidity index) value in summer was 70.43, but during the day the THI values sometimes reached 75. The dairy cows were therefore exposed to heat stress during summer. Increasing THI and temperature values negatively affected the milk yield, as there was a negative correlation between both THI and milk yield (r = -0.641; p <0.01) and temperature and milk yield (r = -0.637; p <0.01). Milk production in winter was at 58.77 kg per day and in summer at 49.55 kg per day. In the summer, the milk had a significantly lower content of fat (p <0.05), proteins (p <0.001), lactose (p <0.001), minerals (p <0.001) and conversely, a higher number of somatic cells (p <0.01). These results show that worse environmental conditions during the summer negatively affected the level of milk yield and the composition of the cows’ milk.

scholarly journals Milk Production of Lacaune Sheep with Different Degrees of Crossing with Manchega Sheep in a Commercial Flock in Spain

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 520
Author(s):  
Lizbeth E. Robles Jimenez ◽  
Juan C. Angeles Hernandez ◽  
Carlos Palacios ◽  
José A. Abecia ◽  
Anna Naranjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Commercial Flock ◽  
Parity Number ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Autumn And Winter

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the grade of crossbreeding (Lacaune x Manchega) and environmental factors on milk production in a commercial flock in Spain. A total of 5769 milk production records of sheep with different degrees of purity of the Lacaune breed crossed with Manchega were used as follows: 100% Lacaune (n = 2960), 7/8 Lacaune (n = 502), 13/16 Lacaune (n = 306), 3/4 (n = 1288), 5/8 Lacaune (n = 441) and 1/2 Lacaune: Manchega (n = 272). Additional available information included the number of parity (1 to 8), litter size (single or multiple), and the season of the year of lambing (spring, summer, autumn and winter). A mixed model was used to evaluate the level of crossbreeding and environmental factors on milk production. The 100% Lacaune sheep presented the highest milk production with respect to the F1 Lacaune x Manchega sheep (p < 0.01), showing that as the degree of gene absorption increases with the Manchega breed, it presents lower milk yield. The 100%, 13/16, and 3/4 Lacaune genotypes had the highest milk yields with respect to the 1/2 Lacaune/Manchega breed (p < 0.001). The Lacaune registered on average 181.1 L in a period adjusted to 160 days of lactation (1.13 L/ day). Likewise, the parity number, litter size, and season of lambing effects showed significant differences (p < 0.01). It was concluded that 13/16 and 3/4 Lacaune/Manchega ewes presented the highest milk yields with respect to the other crosses.

Relationships among udder type traits and milk yield of Iranian Holstein-Friesian cattle

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 141-141
Author(s):  
M. R. Sanjabi ◽  
M. G. Govindaiah ◽  
M. M. Moeini
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Type Traits ◽  
High Production ◽  
Friesian Cattle

Correlation among type traits and with milk production has been investigated by Brotherstone (1994) and Misztal et al (1992). One of the primary reasons for collecting and utilizing information on type traits is to aid breeders in selecting profitable functional cows for high production and suitable herd life. The objectives of this study were to estimate phenotypic and genetic correlations among milk production and with udder traits.

The influence of cow genetic merit for milk production on response to level of concentrate supplementation in a grass based system

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 57-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dillon ◽  
J. Kennedy ◽  
P. Faverdin ◽  
L. Delaby ◽  
F. Buckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Pre-1990 published responses to supplementation at pasture ranged from 0.4 to 0.6kg milk/kg concentrate fed. However since 1990 higher responses to concentrate supplementation at pasture have been published (Delaby 2001). The objective of this study was to determine if milk production responses of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows to concentrate supplementation at pasture are influenced by genetic merit (milk yield potential) in a spring calving grass based system of milk production.

Lactation curves of Sarda breed goats estimated with test day models

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolò PP Macciotta ◽  
Pancrazio Fresi ◽  
Graziano Usai ◽  
Aldo Cappio-Borlino
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Mixed Linear Models ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Parity Number

Test day records of milk yield (38765), fat and protein contents (11357) of Sarda goats (the most numerous Italian goat breed) were analysed with mixed linear models in order to estimate the effects of test date (month and year of kidding for fat and protein contents) parity, number of kids born, altitude of location of flocks (<200 m asl, 200–500 m asl, >500 m asl), flocks within altitude and lactation stage (eight days-in-milk intervals of 30 d each) on milk production. All factors considered in the models affected milk traits significantly. Milk yield was lower in first parity goats than in higher parities whereas fat and protein contents showed an opposite trend. Goats with two kids at parturition had a higher milk yield than goats with one kid and tended to have lower fat and protein percentages. Repeatability between test days within lactation was 0·34, 0·17 and 0·45 for milk yield, fat content and protein content, respectively. Lactation curves of goats farmed at different altitudes were clearly separated, especially for milk yield. Results of the present study highlight differences in milk production traits among the three subpopulations that have been previously identified within the Sarda breed on the basis of the morphological structure of animals and altitude of location of flocks.

scholarly journals Interkorelasi antara persentase konsentrat, kadar urea nitrogen susu dan beberapa variabel sapi perah Friesian Holstein

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Syaiful Rizal ◽  
Suzanita Utama ◽  
Budi Utomo ◽  
Suherni Susilowati ◽  
Sri Mulyati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Daily Milk Production

The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation among the percentage of feed concentrate, milk urea nitrogen (MUN), milk production, services per conception (S/C), calving interval (CI), and days open (DO) of Holstein Friesian cows on smallholder farms. Twenty four, 4-6 year old, non-pregnant, lactating cows, with body condition score (BCS) 5-7, having given birth 2-5 times were recorded their daily milk production, S/C, CI, DO, and the percentage of concentrate in feed given. Milk samples were collected to measure MUN. The correlation calculation among the six variables resulted 15 correlation values, ten of which were not significantly different (p >0.05), including the correlation between the percentage of concentrate and milk production on MUN. The other five correlation values were significantly different (p <0.05). The increase in concentrate intake was moderately correlated (r = 0.52), affecting 27.04% of the increase in milk production, and weakly correlated (r = 0.39), affecting 15.21% of the increase in S/C. The increase in milk production had a very strong correlation (r = 0.82), affecting 67.24% of the increase in S/C. The increase in S/C had a strong correlation (r = 0.61), affecting 37.21% of the increase in CI. The increase in CI was also affected 38.44% by the increase in milk production with a strong correlation (r = 0.62). It could be concluded that dairy cows with higher feed concentrate intake would be followed by an increase in milk production, but had a negative effect on reproduction in the form of increased S/C and CI.

scholarly journals Influence of lactation number and parity on milk yield of Saanen goat’s breed

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 923-928
Author(s):  
R. Ralević ◽  
T. Papović ◽  
I. Pihler ◽  
D. Kučević ◽  
M. Ivković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Dairy Goats

ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to determine the influence of lactation number and parity on milk yield of Saanen goat’s breed. It has been concluded that milk yield was higher for goats that had given birth to twins and three kids than for goats that had given birth to a single kid (P<0.05). The longevity has a great positive impact on production, given that goats in the fifth lactation produced more milk than goats in first or second lactation (P<0.05), while goats in the sixth lactation still produced more milk than goats in first lactation (P<0.05). During the period from 2014- 2019, the research was conducted on a farm of multiparous Saanen goats in Vojvodina (northern part of Serbia). In the observed period, the farm had between 350 and 400 goats per milking, and the research included a total of 1,628 concluded lactations, within which the first lactations were the most 484, then the second 381. According to the number of lactations, goats were grouped into classes from one to seven and from one to three for parity. By comparing each individual lactation, it was determined that in first lactation goats produced significantly lower milk than goats in the rest lactations(P<0.05), except the seventh. Research has shown that lactation number has a significant influence on milk yield (P=0.00). Increasing the fertility of goats significantly affects the production capacity of dairy goats, since does with a larger number of kids in the litter had a significantly higher milk production (P<0.05). Due to the larger number of kids in the litter, milk production also increases. Likewise, it is assumed that the increase in milk yield of goats with two and three kids is a consequence of a larger placenta, i.e. stronger lactogenic activity during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Effect of Varying Dietary Crude Protein Level on Feed Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Milk Production, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Lactating Holstein-Friesian Cows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2439
Author(s):  
Constantine Bakyusa Katongole ◽  
Tianhai Yan
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Friesian Cows

The effect of dietary crude protein (CP) level on intake, digestibility, milk production, and nitrogen (N) use efficiency was studied. Twenty-four Holstein-Friesian cows (17 multiparous and seven primiparous) were grouped by parity, days in milk, milk yield, and live weight into six blocks of four, and randomly assigned to four total mixed ration (TMR) treatments, containing 141, 151, 177, or 210 g CP/kg dry matter (DM), over 28 day experimental periods. Apparent total-tract DM and fiber digestibilities and milk fat composition were similar across treatments. Milk protein and urea-N compositions, and urinary and manure N excretion increased linearly, while milk N efficiency (MNE) decreased linearly with increasing CP. DM intake was highest with the 177 diet, while CP intake increased linearly with increasing CP, peaking at 200 g/kg DM. Milk yield increased with CP intake for the three lower CP levels, peaking at 176 g CP/kg DM. The further increase in CP level from 177 to 210 g/kg DM did not result in improved milk yield, but resulted in decreased milk N secretion and increased urinary N excretion. In summary, milk protein composition increased linearly with increasing CP, accompanied by a linear decrease in MNE, resulting in a bell-shaped relationship between milk yield and dietary CP level.

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