1. Language as a biological adaptation

2002 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Keyword(s):  
Biological Adaptation

PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HYGIENIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HEALTH STATUS OF ADOLESCENTS STUDYING THE PROFESSION DRILLER

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Stupina ◽  
N.P. Setko
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Mental Performance ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Biological Adaptation ◽  
Functional Reserves

The article presents data on the features of functional reserves, the level of biological adaptation, mental performance of students by the profession driller. We found that more than half of the adolescents had reduced adaptive reserves of varying severity. Thus, the level of functional reserves, which was reduced relative to the physiological norm, was noted in 89 % of the 1st year, 83.4 % in the 2nd year and 93.3 % in the 3rd year students. In parallel, there was the growth trend to the 3rd year of study from the students number with reduced performance (from 27.6 % to 33.3 %) and an increase by 1.6 times of the students number with a significantly reduced level of performance.

scholarly journals Novel water source for endolithic life in the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2275-2286 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wierzchos ◽  
A. F. Davila ◽  
I. M. Sánchez-Almazo ◽  
M. Hajnos ◽  
R. Swieboda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Water ◽  
Capillary Condensation ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Biological Adaptation ◽  
Salt Flats ◽  
Life On Earth

Abstract. The hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert, Chile, is possibly the driest and most life-limited place on Earth, yet endolithic microorganisms thrive inside halite pinnacles that are part of ancient salt flats. The existence of this microbial community in an environment that excludes any other life forms suggests biological adaptation to high salinity and desiccation stress, and indicates an alternative source of water for life other than rainfall, fog or dew. Here, we show that halite endoliths obtain liquid water through spontaneous capillary condensation at relative humidity (RH) much lower than the deliquescence RH of NaCl. We describe how this condensation could occur inside nano-pores smaller than 100 nm, in a newly characterized halite phase that is intimately associated with the endolithic aggregates. This nano-porous phase helps retain liquid water for long periods of time by preventing its evaporation even in conditions of utmost dryness. Our results explain how life has colonized and adapted to one of the most extreme environments on our planet, expanding the water activity envelope for life on Earth, and broadening the spectrum of possible habitats for life beyond our planet.

Salinity fluctuation influencing biological adaptation: growth dynamics and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in a euryhaline bacterium

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 617-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Yang ◽  
Yang Meng ◽  
Youxin Song ◽  
Yalin Tan ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Salinity Fluctuation ◽  
Biological Adaptation

scholarly journals Quality of sports training and the biological adaptation of athletes to race walking

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 212-221
Author(s):  
Jakub Jelonek ◽  
Wiesław Pilis ◽  
Maciej Świat ◽  
Cezary Michalski ◽  
Krzysztof Stec
Keyword(s):  
Sports Training ◽  
Biological Adaptation ◽  
Race Walking

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence as a positive and negative factor in global risk

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliezer Yudkowsky
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Global Risk ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Cognitive Busyness ◽  
Stellar Astronomy ◽  
Biological Adaptation

By far the greatest danger of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is that people conclude too early that they understand it. Of course, this problem is not limited to the field of AI. Jacques Monod wrote: ‘A curious aspect of the theory of evolution is that everybody thinks he understands it’ (Monod, 1974). The problem seems to be unusually acute in Artificial Intelligence. The field of AI has a reputation for making huge promises and then failing to deliver on them. Most observers conclude that AI is hard, as indeed it is. But the embarrassment does not stem from the difficulty. It is difficult to build a star from hydrogen, but the field of stellar astronomy does not have a terrible reputation for promising to build stars and then failing. The critical inference is not that AI is hard, but that, for some reason, it is very easy for people to think they know far more about AI than they actually do. It may be tempting to ignore Artificial Intelligence because, of all the global risks discussed in this book, AI is probably hardest to discuss. We cannot consult actuarial statistics to assign small annual probabilities of catastrophe, as with asteroid strikes. We cannot use calculations from a precise, precisely confirmed model to rule out events or place infinitesimal upper bounds on their probability, as with proposed physics disasters. But this makes AI catastrophes more worrisome, not less. The effect of many cognitive biases has been found to increase with time pressure, cognitive busyness, or sparse information. Which is to say that the more difficult the analytic challenge, the more important it is to avoid or reduce bias. Therefore I strongly recommend reading my other chapter (Chapter 5) in this book before continuing with this chapter. When something is universal enough in our everyday lives, we take it for granted to the point of forgetting it exists. Imagine a complex biological adaptation with ten necessary parts. If each of the ten genes is independently at 50% frequency in the gene pool – each gene possessed by only half the organisms in that species – then, on average, only 1 in 1024 organisms will possess the full, functioning adaptation.

Biological adaptation in the prehistoric Caribbean

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary K Sandford ◽  
Georgieann Bogdan ◽  
Grace E Kissling
Keyword(s):  
Biological Adaptation
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