The “technological turn” in translation studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Jiménez-Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Emergent Property ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Striking Change ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theoretical Apparatus ◽  
Theoretical Developments

Abstract For over two decades, Translation Studies (TS) scholars have argued that the discipline is going through a ‘technological turn’. This paper critically questions whether TS has already completed this “paradigmatic” or “disciplinary turn,” “a clearly visible and striking” change of direction that can “perhaps even [amount] to a redefinition of the subject concerned” (Snell-Hornby 2010, 366). After a revision of the notion of ‘turn’ in TS, it will be argued that the ‘technological’ one has been completed and it can, in fact, be assessed “after it is already complete” (ibid). It will be shown how the emergence and consolidation of this turn were “driven not by theoretical developments in cognate areas of inquiry,” but are an “emergent property from new forms of translation practice” (Cronin 2010, 1). As a consequence, it has permeated TS across its different subdisciplines, both in their theoretical apparatus and/or in their research methodologies. In this examination, the picture that emerges is that translation, across TS, has in fact been redefined in one way or another as an instance of “human-computer interaction,” even in contexts such as literary translation.

scholarly journals Ideologically-adapted Translations: Challenge for Adequacy, Need for Retranslation

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Aida Salamat Suleymanova
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
The World

Translation has always been regarded as the main channel for disseminating works of art, literature and culture. Throughout the history, Azerbaijani writers and poets have contributed to the world literature, as well as benefitted from the best literary masterpieces of the world by means of translation. The art of translation is the credit to the interaction between nations, cultures, and literatures in particular. However, the path of historical development of the national translation studies and translation practice in Azerbaijan has not always been smooth. Azerbaijan has for 70 years been a part of the USSR, and consequently all fields of human life, as well as translation activity were under strict control of the central authority. Ideological censorship imposed on culture, art and literature, particularly, on the literary translation can still be sensed today. The aim of this paper is to study the ideological deviations, adaptations and modifications in fiction translation during the Soviet period in Azerbaijan and to show why retranslation of such works is necessary in our country.

scholarly journals Translation Strategies for Phonographic Deviations: A Psycholinguistic Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-163
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Rebrii ◽  
Ganna Tashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Control Units ◽  
The Subject

The article proposes a psycholinguistic approach to investigating translation strategies on the basis of information obtained in the course of the retrospective experiment designed by the authors and defined as ‘Partial Delayed Report of Problems and their Solution’. The aim of the research is to expose and describe translation strategies for resolving such a variety of translation difficulties as phonographic deviations. The object of the research is translation strategies as a mental by nature and complex by structure plan for the translator’s actions. The subject of the research is specifics of the above strategies’ formation and implementation in literary translation. The main method of the research is retrospective experimental technique ‘Partial Delayed Report of Problems and their Solution’; other methods employed include algorithmic modeling (for prospected translation strategies and substrategies) and comparative analysis (for control units in the source and target texts). The material of the research was twofold: (1) the fragment of Charles Dickens’s novel “The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club” and its translations carried out by 21 semi-professional subjects of the experiment; (2) the subjects’ reports in the form of the answers to the questionnaire completed and submitted after the translation. Since strategies in translation studies are mostly dealt with within cultural approach, the authors turned to the concept of communication strategies as a foundation of their own psycholinguistic model of translation strategies for phonographic deviations. The analysis of the experimental data supports the conclusion that the translator initially forms a strategy (conscious mental plan) of overcoming a certain variety of translation difficulties (such as phonographic deviations) and then implements it as a sequence of moves (substrategies) aimed at providing for the most natural for the target reader translation variant.

Exploring literary translation practice

Target ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Flynn
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
General Sense ◽  
Institutional Practice ◽  
Linguistic Ethnography ◽  
Translation Practice

This article discusses findings from an ethnographic study of literary translation practice in the Netherlands and Belgium. The article focuses on one aspect of translation practice, namely translatorial ethos. It is argued that the forms of translatorial ethos visible in the data are complex in that they have a bearing both on textual and institutional practice and relations at one and the same time. More specifically, it is also argued that these complex professional stances and positionings need to be taken into account if we are to gain a better understanding of translational norms (Toury 1995, 2000 and Chesterman 1993) or translational habitus (Simeoni 1998). Furthermore, it is argued in a more general sense that linguistic ethnography can provide clear indications of patterns of translational practice and therefore forms a useful means of inquiry in the context of translation studies.

scholarly journals Odgrywanie emigracji: tłumacze-poeci leningradzkiego podziemia, przeł. Edyta Kurzawa

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-95
Author(s):  
Miriam Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
Dominant Ideology ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Poetry Translation

Performance of Exile: Poet-Translators in the Leningrad Underground Literary translation during the Soviet period has been mostly analysed in terms of conforming to or resisting the dominant ideology. However, there were spaces where translation practices were to a certain extent free from this dichotomy, though excluded from the official literary field. The focus of the article is the particular condition of displacement or exile experienced by the underground poets who lived in Leningrad during the 1980s. The samizdat poet-translator plays the role of an exile, living on the fringes of the society and creating a network in the underground. The outcomes of this “performance of exile” are the translated texts, which show the handprints of the translator’s conditions. The article responds to Anthony Pym’s call for humanizing Translation History, and using the sociological tools developed in Translation Studies by Daniel Simeoni and Moira Inghilleri, it investigates the role of context, agent and text in the poetry translation practice of late samizdat.

The metalanguage of localization

Target ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Present Discussion ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
The One

In recent years localization has become a popular concept in both translation practice and theory. It has developed a language of its own, which, however, still seems to be little known among translation scholars. What is more, being primarily an industry-based discourse, the terms related to localization are very fluid, which makes theorizing about it difficult. Therefore, the aim of this article is, first of all, to explain the basic terms of the metalanguage of localization, as they are used by both localization practitioners and scholars, and, secondly, to make this metalanguage more consistent by proposing some general definitions that cover the basic concepts in localization. This, in turn, should, on the one hand, facilitate scholar-to-practitioner communication and vice versa and, on the other, should result in concept standardization for training purposes. In the conclusions I link the present discussion of the metalanguage of localization to a more general debate on metalanguage(s) in Translation Studies and propose that in the future we might witness the emergence of a new discipline called Localization Studies.

National conceptual sphere as a criterion of literary translation authenticity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Aigul Yessentemirova ◽  
Kuralay Urazaeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Reliable Criterion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The paper is focused on the study of literary translation as a type of rhetorical communication. The subject being analysed is that national conceptual sphere can be a reliable criterion for the authenticity of translation. The topic of the research is that national conceptual sphere regarded as a means of illocutionary influence and a source of differences in rhetorical conscience of the author of the original text as well as the translator and the addressee. A comparative analysis of Russian and Kazakh translations of Robert Burns’ ballad “John Barleycorn” is carried out. The comparison is based on the structure of rhetorical communication, national conceptual sphere, prosody parameters and genre features. The similarities and differences of the translations are specified. The similarities are shown in referential, strophic and genre proximity of the original and translations.

scholarly journals Image in Translated Novels from English into Persian

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Gholam-Reza Parvizi
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Mind

The question of image in literary studies and in recent years in Translation Studies is one of the most problematic innature. In the present study an attempt was made to define the nature of translating linguistic constructions – evokingimages in the mind of reader – in English novels and their rendered versions in Persian translations. In this studyseven types of images (visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, tactile, kinesthetic and organic) in two English novelsand their rendered versions in Persian were analyzed based on two theoretical frameworks, the first one is Jiang’sImage-Based Model to Literary Translation (2008) by which the nature of translation of images were examined andthe other is Chesterman’s translation strategies (1997) which help to systematize translation strategies adopted bytranslators in rewriting the images in English novels. The results have shown that in most of the cases the images thatare intended by original author have been changed in the translations, and the aesthetic experience of the ST reader isdifferent from that of the TT reader.

scholarly journals METHODS OF ADAPTATION OF SLANG UNITS INTO RUSSIAN IN THE LITERARY TRANSLATION OF M. COLE’ NOVELS

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Елена Николаевна Мозжегорова ◽  
Елена Николаевна Засецкова
Keyword(s):  
Overwhelming Majority ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Translation Techniques ◽  
Holistic Interpretation ◽  
The Subject

Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию особенностей использования способов адаптации сленговых единиц в художественном переводе на русский язык следующих романов английской писательницы Мартины Коул: «Две женщины», «Леди киллер», «Опасная леди». В общей сложности было проанализировано 115 сленговых единиц из вышеназванных произведений. В работе были рассмотрены примеры перевода сленга и идентифицированы приемы передачи сленговой лексики на русский язык. Предметом настоящего исследования выступает адаптация сленга в художественном переводе на русский язык произведений Мартины Коул. Целью исследования являются изучение особенностей адаптации сленговых единиц при переводе художественной литературы на русский язык на материале произведений вышеуказанного автора. Для достижения поставленной цели исследования авторами были привлечены следующие методы: анализа и синтеза, сопоставительный и описательный, сравнения, метод контекстуального анализа и целостной интерпретации. В результате исследования было установлено, что в подавляющем большинстве случаев сленговые единицы удалось адаптировать к русскому языку. Самыми востребованными переводческими трансформациями для передачи сленговой лексики на русский язык явились подбор функционального аналога (в 50 случаях), дисфемистический перевод (в 34 случаях), эвфемистический перевод (в 21 случае), опущение (в 7 случаях) и прочие приемы перевода (калькирование, транслитерация). This article is devoted to the study of the features of the use of methods of adaptation of slang units into Russian in the literary translation of the novels of the English writer Martina Cole (“Two Women”, “The Ladykiller”, “Dangerous Lady”). The article considers the examples of slang translation and identifies the methods of translation of slang vocabulary into Russian. A total of 115 slang items from the above works were analyzed. The subject of this research is the adaptation of slang in the literary translation of the works of Martina Cole into Russian. The goal of the study is to study the features of adaptation of slang units when translating fiction into Russian based on the works of the above-mentioned author. To achieve the set goal of the study, the authors used the following methods: the method of analysis and synthesis, comparative and descriptive methods, the method of comparison, the method of contextual analysis and holistic interpretation. The study revealed that in the overwhelming majority of the cases considered, the translators managed to adopt the slang units into Russian. The most popular translation transformations for slang vocabulary into Russian are a functional analogue (50 cases), dysphemistic translation (34 cases), euphemistic translation (21 cases), omission (7 cases) and other translation techniques (tracing, transliteration, omission).

scholarly journals From Translation Studies and audiovisual translation to media accessibility

Target ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Remael ◽  
Nina Reviers ◽  
Reinhild Vandekerckhove
Keyword(s):  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Audio Description ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The One

Abstract Recent developments in Translation Studies and translation practice have not only led to a profusion of approaches, but also to the development of new text forms and translation modes. Media Accessibility, particularly audio description (AD) and subtitling for the deaf and hard-of-hearing (SDH), is an example of such a ‘new’ mode. SDH has been evolving quickly in recent decades and new developments such as interlingual SDH and live subtitling with speech recognition bring it closer to established forms of translation and interpreting. On the one hand, interlingual SDH reintroduces Jakobson’s (1959) ‘translation proper’ while the use of speech recognition has led to the creation of a hybrid form that has affinities with both subtitling and interpreting. Audio description, for its part, cannot even be fitted into Jakobson’s ‘intersemiotic translation’ model since it involves translation from images into words. Research into AD is especially interesting since it rallies methods from adjacent disciplines, much in the same way that Holmes ([1972] 1988) described TS when it was a fledgling discipline. In 2008, Braun set out a research agenda for AD and the wealth of topics and research approaches dealt with in her article illustrate the immense complexity of this field and the work still to be done. Although AD and SDH research have developed at different paces and are concerned with different topics, converging trends do appear. Particularly the role of technology and the concept of multimodality seem to be key issues. This article aims to give an overview of current research trends in both these areas. It illustrates the possibilities of technology-driven research – particularly popular in SDH and live-subtitling research – while at the same time underlining the value of individual, human-driven approaches, which are still the main ‘modus operandi’ in the younger discipline of AD where much basic research is still required.

scholarly journals IV.On a supposed alteration in the amount of astronomical aberration of light, produced by the passage of the light through a considerable thickness of refracting medium

1872 ◽  
Vol 20 (130-138) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Academy ◽  
Angular Displacement ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
North Polar ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Right Ascension

A discussion has taken place on the Continent, conducted partly in the 'Astronomische Nachrichten,’ partly in independent pamphlets, on the change of direction which a ray of light will receive (as inferred from the Undulatory Theory of Light) when it traverses a refracting medium which has a motion of translation. The subject to which attention is particularly called is the effect that will be produced on the apparent amount of that angular displacement of a star or planet which is caused by the Earth’s motion of translation, and is known as the Aberration of Light. It has been conceived that there may be a difference in the amounts of this displacement, as seen with different telescopes, depending on the difference in the thicknesses of their object-glasses. The most important of the papers containing this discussion are:—that of Professor Klinkerfues, contained in a pamphlet published at Leipzig in 1867, August; and those of M. Hoek, one published 1867, October, in No. 1669 of the 'Astronomische Nachrichten,’ and the other published in 1869 in a communication to the Netherlands Royal Academy of Sciences. Professor Klinkerfues maintained that, as a necessary result of the Undulatory Theory, the amount of Aberration would be increased, in accordance with a formula which he has given; and he supported it by the following experiment:— In the telescope of a transit-instrument, whose focal length was about 18 inches, was inserted a column of water 8 inches in length, carried in a tube whose ends were closed with glass plates; and with this instrument he observed the transit of the Sun, and the transits of certain stars whose north-polar distances were nearly the same as that of the Sun, and which passed the meridian nearly at midnight. In these relative positions, the difference between the Apparent Right Ascension of the Sun and those of the stars is affected by double the coefficient of Aberration; and the merely astronomical circumstances are extremely favourable for the accurate testing of the theory. Professor Klinkerfues had computed that the effect of the 8-inch column of water and of a prism in the interior of the telescope would be to increase the coefficient of Aberration by eight seconds of arc. The observation appeared to show that the Aberration was really increased by 7'' 1. It does not appear that this observation was repeated.

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