Utilización de técnicas de corpus en la representación del conocimiento médico

Terminology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Faber ◽  
Clara I. López Rodríguez ◽  
Maribel Tercedor
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Knowledge Structures ◽  
Conceptual Category ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Conceptual Information ◽  
Vital Importance ◽  
Knowledge Resource ◽  
Medical Concepts

Advances in corpus linguistics are of vital importance in terminology. The information obtained from corpora can be used to complement data already codified in dictionaries and termbases. In this article, we describe a framework of linguistic analysis that facilitates the extraction of conceptual information from corpora, and thus contributes to the study and analysis of terminological contexts. We are presently using this methodology in a research project called Oncoterm. One of the objectives of this project is to elaborate a bilingual terminological database, whose conceptual structure is an extension of an existing knowledge resource, the Mikrokosmos Ontology. In our termbase, medical concepts are organized in categories represented by templates, which are systematically applied to all category members. The application of the template to more specific concepts generates values that show the inheritance of knowledge structures within a specialized domain. The definitional information within each term entry is thus totally coherent with the information regarding other terms within the same conceptual category. This is conducive to the specification of a language of terminographic definition, which is concise, consistent and applicable not only to the domain of oncology, but also extensive to other medical domains and other languages.

Propuesta de estructura definicional terminográfica en OntoTerm®

Terminology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Garcia de Quesada ◽  
Pedro A. Fuertes Olivera ◽  
Silvia Montero Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Knowledge Structures ◽  
Conceptual Category ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Conceptual Relations ◽  
Medical Concepts

This article describes a framework for definitional analysis that presents definitions as dynamic entities encompassing both conceptual relations, following a category template pattern, and its formalization in the terminological definitional structure. The definitional analysis accounts for various levels of complexity, depending on how detailed the understanding is or needs to be in a specific contextual situation. We are presently using this methodology in a research project called OncoTerm. One of the objectives of this project is to elaborate a bilingual terminological database, whose conceptual structure is an extension of an existing resource, the Mikrokosmos Ontology. In our termbase, medical concepts are organized in categories represented by templates, which are systematically applied to all category numbers. The application of the template to more specific concepts generates values that show the inheritance of knowledge structures within a specialized domain. The definitional information within each term entry is thus totally coherent with the information regarding other terms within the same conceptual category. This approach leads to the specification of a language of terminographic definition, which is concise, consistent and applicable not only to the domain of oncology, but to other medical domains and other languages.

scholarly journals Experiencer as quasi-agent: «from meaning to the linguistic form»

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 112-136
Author(s):  
М.А. Fomina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Conceptual Category ◽  
Linguistic Representation ◽  
Linguistic Form ◽  
Grammatical Subject

The paper focuses on the category of semantic subject within the framework of a functional approach to linguistics. The variety of roles subject may have in a sentence accounts for the radially structured category of subject. With the agent subject being the center of the category, other members – Possessor, Experiencer, Neutral, etc. – appear to be scattered within the syntactical category of subject being more central or peripheral. The paper deals with the Experiencer subject. The author stresses the key role of a well-elaborated metalanguage in linguistic analysis and assumes that a thorough analysis of the relevant conceptual category, its structure and content, should precede the stage of developing a metalanguage. The paper 1) differentiates between similar though not interchangeable notions such as semantic subject, grammatical subject, and the bearer of predicative feature, 2) features the peripheral status of the Experiencer within the category of semantic subject, 3) reveals the means of its linguistic representation, 4) makes a structural and semantic analysis of the models with the Experiencer.

Computer-assisted digital text analysis for journalism and communications research: introducing corpus linguistic techniques that do not require programming

2020 ◽  
pp. 1329878X2094712
Author(s):  
Monika Bednarek ◽  
Georgia Carr
Keyword(s):  
Computational Methods ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Digital Text ◽  
Health News ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Digital Methods

Digital methods are becoming more and more important for text analysis in communications research. However, many computational methods require either relevant technical expertise or multi-disciplinary collaboration, which has impeded their uptake. This article introduces an alternative: computer-assisted linguistic analysis (corpus linguistics), an approach that is increasingly being used outside linguistics and requires less expertise. The article uses a dataset of almost 700 items of health news to demonstrate how such techniques can aid the analysis of (dis)preferred language, sources, stigma and responsibility, framing, and project-specific text analysis. We conclude with an evaluation of the key advantages and limitations of corpus linguistic analysis.

scholarly journals Fundamentalist and tolerant islamic discourse in john updike’s terrorist and jonathan wright’s translation the televangelist: a corpus-based critical discourse analysis of semantic prosody

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlam Ahmed Mohamed Othman
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Data Selection ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Semantic Prosody

Corpus-based critical discourse analysis studies have gained momentum in the last decade. Corpus Linguistics allowed critical discourse analysts to avoid bias in data selection and enlarge their samples for more representative findings. Critical Discourse Analysis, on the other hand, gave depth to corpus linguistic analysis by contextualizing it. The present study combines the two approaches to analyze the semantic prosody of Islamic keywords common to John Updike's Terrorist published in 2006 and Jonathan Wright’s translation The Televangelist published in 2016. The results of the corpus-based analysis show that while the semantic prosody of Islamic keywords is negative in Updike’s novel, it is highly positive in the translated novel. The conclusion is that Van Dijk’s proposition of the polarized representation of ‘us’ versus ‘them’ holds for Updike’s fundamentalist Islamic discourse which negatively represents Islam and Muslims. However, Van Dijk’s proposition holds only partially for Wright's tolerant Islamic discourse which positively represents Islam and Muslims without misrepresenting the other.

scholarly journals Jokes as the Source of Study Stereotypic Image of Region (On an Example of Jokes About Siberia)

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-149
Author(s):  
Olga Kondratyeva
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Knowledge Structures ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Regional Characteristics ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The humorous discourse is considered an important source of stereotypic images of the Russian regions. As it reflects territorial peculiarities and their inhabitants, reveals the attitude to various regions in the society, the linguistic analysis of regional stereotypes should become a starting point in the further formation of brands and images of regions. The jokes about Siberia are analyzed in the article and the stereotypic image of this region is reconstructed. Being based on content analysis and a framing method the study is aimed at presenting stereotypes about Siberia in the form of frames (knowledge structures) and their constituents (sub-frames and slots). It is stated that the stereotypic image of Siberia looks quiescent; the jokes reflect a deeply rooted conception of Siberia by residents of other regions of Russia and foreigners as a distant, huge area with severe climatic conditions, rich in natural resources, and an exile place of immigrants who are busy with hard work. Currently Siberia has got another stereotype and is perceived as an object of claims of some boarding countries. The stereotypic image of Siberia is depressive; the majority of regional characteristics that are reflected in jokes convey general negative comprehension. The revealed stereotypes point to necessity of creating a positive image of Siberia.

Terminological phrasemes in OntoTerm®

Terminology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Montero Martínez ◽  
Mercedes Garcia de Quesada ◽  
Pedro A. Fuertes Olivera
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Multiword Units

In this article we describe a theoretical and practical approach to the analysis of phraseological units, specifically terminological phrasemes (Meyer and Mackintosh 1994, 1996), as entities determined by predicate relations, leaving aside, therefore, the traditional view of collocations and compounds as static structures following specific syntactic patterns. Instead, we claim that these units can be considered as terminographic formalizations of a conceptual structure, a phraseme template, established according to certain ontological patterns. This phraseological analysis accounts for phenomena such as multidimensionality, recursiveness and inheritance, which pose a problem in the management of multiword units. We are currently implementing this methodology in OntoTerm®, a concept-oriented tool for terminology management used in a research project called OncoTerm, whose scope of study has been, so far, the subdomain of oncology.

Modelling the Groove: Conceptual Structure and Popular Music

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Zbikowski
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Knowledge Structures ◽  
Rhythm And Blues ◽  
Miles Davis ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Cognitive Knowledge

A musical groove is most typically created by a small group of musicians working together, each contributing parts to the whole. Characterizing the knowledge behind such interactive ventures has proved to be challenging. This article attempts to characterize the knowledge basic to grooves first by concentrating on ‘the groove’ as it is practised in soul, rhythm and blues, jazz fusion and various other popular genres, and second by focusing on cognitive knowledge structures called conceptual models. It is argued that musicians rely on such structures to produce grooves, and that listeners make use of similar structures to understand them. Grooves from the music of Eric Clapton, Miles Davis and James Brown are discussed, and conceptual models for each are developed.

Process-oriented terminology management in the domain of Coastal Engineering

Terminology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Faber ◽  
Silvia Montero Martínez ◽  
María Rosa Castro Prieto ◽  
José Senso Ruiz ◽  
Juan Antonio Prieto Velasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Knowledge Extraction ◽  
Coastal Engineering ◽  
Conceptual Category ◽  
Conceptual Representations ◽  
Knowledge Resource ◽  
Conceptual Organization ◽  
Syntactic Information ◽  
Graphic Information ◽  
Process Oriented

This article describes the theoretical premises and methodology presently being used in the development of the PuertoTerm database on Coastal Engineering. In our project there are three foci, which are highly relevant to the elaboration of lexicographic and terminological products: (1) the conceptual organization underlying any knowledge resource; (2) the multidimensional nature of conceptual representations; and (3) knowledge extraction through the use of multilingual corpora. In this sense we propose a frame-based organization of specialized fields in which a dynamic, process-oriented event frame provides the conceptual underpinnings for the location of sub-hierarchies of concepts within a specialized domain event. We explain how frames with semantic and syntactic information can be specified within this type of framework, and also discuss issues regarding concept denomination and terminological meaning, based on the use of definitional schemas for each conceptual category. We also offer a typology of images for the inclusion of graphic information in each entry, depending on the nature of the concept.

scholarly journals Translating the Sacred Text: A Polysystem Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27
Author(s):  
Abdelhamid Elewa
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Original Version ◽  
Sacred Text ◽  
Extended Version ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Modern Context ◽  
Original Message

This paper attempts an extended version of the polysystem theory combined with corpus linguistics techniques in translating the Qur'an. The original version of the theory focuses on the network of relations around the target text, while the extended version includes the network of relations (or systems) of both the source and target text, be they linguistic, social, historical, etc. To explore the systems of both the source and target text, a model was developed for translating the Sacred Text which can serve as a framework for the translators to capture the early and late Arab contributions from linguistic, historical and social perspectives to maintain the original message and present it afresh to the modern generations. The model consists of three stages and each stage involves a number of systems, including the linguistic analysis of the original and target text, the network of relations of the early context, and the network of relations of the modern context. Three verses were selected in this paper to demonstrate the validity of the model. The verses deal with some social, historical, theological and legal debatable issues in the field of Sacred Text exegesis, theology and Islamic jurisprudence. The different readings of the verses are mirrored in the various translations of the Sacred Text.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document