Shorter than a text, longer than a sentence

Target ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-124
Author(s):  
Arndt Heilmann ◽  
Tatiana Serbina ◽  
Daniel Couto Vale ◽  
Stella Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Translation Product ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Text Condition

Abstract This paper investigates what effect the length of the source text has both on the translation process and on the translation product. In an eye-tracking and keystroke logging experiment, we compared three conditions, namely full texts, three-sentence sequences and single sentences as source items. The results suggest that translations of single sentences differ significantly from full texts, whereas three-sentence sequences are representative of the full text condition. Therefore, research in process-based translation studies might benefit from using shorter source texts without endangering the ecological validity of experiments.

scholarly journals SKOPOS THEORY: A PRACTICAL APPROACH IN THE TRANSLATION PROCESS

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Kana Trisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Specific Guideline ◽  
Skopos Theory

Numerous criticisms have been addressed toward the application of Skopos theory within translation studies. Issues such as vague concepts of translation, ‘dethroning’ the source text, oversimplification and inapplicability to achieve equivalence for literary and religious texts are some of many critiques for Skopos theory. In addition, from a student’s perspective, it is argued that there is no specific guideline to carry out the theory. However, here, I would like to present my perspective as a student practicing translation as well as a brief overview of Skopos theory, its criticisms as well as its usefulness in actual implementation.

From ‘Is’ to ‘Ought’

Target ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Chesterman
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Translation Product ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Professional Norms ◽  
Target Source ◽  
General Translation

Abstract Translation studies need to cater for both description and evaluation. This can be achieved via the study of translation norms. The norms governing translation are: (a) professional norms concerning the translation process (= norms of accountability, communication and target-source relation); and (b) expectancy norms concerning the form of the translation product, based on the expectations of the prospective readership. While general translation laws account for the behaviour of translators in general, normative laws describe the translation behaviour of a subset of translators, namely, competent professionals, who establish the norms. Normative laws originate in rational, normdirected strategies which are observed to be used by professionals. These laws are empirical, spatio-temporally falsifiable, probabilistic, predictive and explanatory.

scholarly journals Trans(a)l(e)atory Studies or the Translator as a Performer: "Finnegans Wake" by James Joyce in Polish Translation

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (41) ◽  
pp. 29-47
Author(s):  
Łukasz Barciński
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
James Joyce ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Musical Score ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Finnegans Wake ◽  
The Comparative Study

Following the interdisciplinary approach, the article presents the translator’s role from the point of view musical terminology, which becomes appropriated for the sake of translation studies. As a result, the study applies the musical term aleatory music denoting an indeterminate type of musical notation which allows considerable freedom in the interpretation of a musical score. From this perspective, the translator, confronted with the inevitable interpretative gaps and indeterminacies in the source text, is compared to a musical performer who interprets the indeterminate aleatory notation. This approach is defined as trans(a)l(e)atory studies which consist in the analysis of multiple interpretative possibilities of target text versions based on one source text. The prominent example of the performative aspect of the translation process defined in this way is Finnegans Wake by James Joyce, the Polish translation of which (Finneganów Tren by rendered by Krzysztof Bartnicki) is analysed. The comparative study focuses on indeterminate aspects of language such as puns, neologisms (including portmanteau words), iconicity, blends and the superimposition of languages.

scholarly journals Tłumaczenie prawa unijnego a centralne pojęcia przekładoznawstwa

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (1(31)) ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
Łucja Biel
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Member States ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Official Languages

Translation of EU law versus the central concepts of Translation Studies The objective of the paper was: (1) to analyse EU translation in light of central concepts of Translation Studies, and (2) to attempt a synthesis of numerous studies on EU translation to describe its distinctive features. EU law is adopted in 24 official languages and is applied in 28 Member States. The translation of EU law has an authoritative status. Owing to a complex array of political, procedural, legal and institutional factors, the translation of EU law poses a challenge to central TS concepts, such as a source text and a target text (versus language versions), a translation process (translation as part of a multistage and multilingual drafting

Vertalen Als Revisie

1998 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Hella Breedveld
Keyword(s):  
Writing Process ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Think Aloud Protocols ◽  
Writing Research ◽  
Cognitive Activities

The study of translation processes tends to focus on the local processes involved in finding translations for words or expressions in the source text. In order to find out which processes are involved in the production of a target text based on an existing source text in another language, translation studies may profit from models that have been developed in research on the writing process. Certain categories of cognitive activities found in research on the writing process can be used in the analysis of think-aloud protocols of the translation process. Especially the notion of revising, as developed in writing research, can help to understand how translators proceed in order to produce a good text in a target language.

The problem of equivalence in translating legal texts

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Paolucci
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Law ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Central Topic ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
General Translation

AbstractAlthough it is a subject of continuous debate and a frequent source of controversy, the concept of equivalence remains a central topic in translation studies. The solution to any translation problem is obviously far beyond the mere linear transposition of a source text into a target language and, particularly when translating legal texts, specialists in comparative law and legal translators continuously strive to find the most equivalent term or concept in the target language. After briefly presenting equivalence issues in general translation, this article examines the problem of equivalence in legal texts. It stresses the relevance of terminological equivalence, including as a translation process that may compete with others within the same text.

scholarly journals Translator’s Notes from Paratextuality Perspective (as Exemplified in “The Secret History of the Mongols” Translated by Ardazhabu)

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
S. Zhang ◽  
E. A. Vaseeva
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Secret History

The theory of intertextuality has proved to be very useful in translation studies, as it gives a more precise view of the translation process and its result. Paratexts include all the elements that surround the text – titles, prefaces, epilogue, and the like, and also include notes made by the translator. Translator’s notes play an important role in translation work. They are an indispensable means for making the translated text comprehensible for the audience belonging to a different cultural environment. Notes fulfill various functions and have significant effects. The paper studies the notes made by Ardazhabu in his translation of The Secret History of the Mongols into Chinese. The function of elucidation seems to be one of the most significant in the translator’s notes of the studied text. But the translator not only explains and clarifies some parts in the source text, but also endeavors to guide the readers’ interpretation of the contents by presenting alternative points of view on some ideas. The analysis of representative examples shows that notes can fulfill more than one function and draw on various sources of information and reasoning Переводческие примечания как один из видов паратекстов играют важную роль в переводческой работе. Примечания выполняют разнообразные функции и оказывают значительное воздействие. В данной работе исследованы примечания Ардажабу к его переводу на китайский язык эпического произведения XIII века «Тайная история монголов». Одной из основных функций примечаний в исследуемом тексте перевода является разъяснительная функция. Но переводчик не только объясняет и уточняет, он стремится направлять понимание читателями содержания, представляя альтернативные точки зрения. Анализ показывает, что примечания могут одновременно выполнять несколько функций и привлекать различные источники информации и аргументации

Effortful text production in translation

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Alves ◽  
Adriana Pagano ◽  
Igor Antônio Lourenço da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Pause Duration ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Text Production ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
The Impact

This article analyzes data generated by the combined use of keylogging and eye tracking to examine grammatical (de)metaphorization as a case of explicitation/implicitation (Steiner 2001). It also aims at investigating effortful text production from the perspective of automaticity and monitoring in the translation process (Tirkkonen-Condit 2005). Brazilian and German physicists and professional translators were recruited to translate one of two versions of an English (L2) source text into Brazilian Portuguese or German, respectively (L1). The versions differed in the level of grammatical metaphoricity of the sentences. Quantitative and qualitative data was analyzed to determine the impact of metaphoricity level on target text renditions as evidence of effort in the translation process. Results showed that regardless of which of the two versions was translated, most subjects opted for a particular wording from the start of their text production process; subsequent changes had to do with attempting more delicate choices in lexis rather than in grammar, evidence in favor of Tirkkonen-Condit’s claims about automatism in the translation process. Variables used to measure effort (i.e., number of renditions in microunits, pause duration, and drafting time) indicated that (de)metaphorization is an effortful procedure. Eye tracking, eliciting more fine-grained data, was instrumental in mapping instances of grammatical (de)metaphorization. The results have implications for issues related to the development of professional competence in translation, suggesting that instances of grammatical (de)metaphorization relate to higher levels of monitoring.

scholarly journals TRANSLATION CRITICISM AS A MEASURE OF LINGUISTIC COHERENCE IN THE TRANSLATION PROCESS

10.23856/3510 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Maria Zavarynska ◽  
Monika Toborek
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Important Measure

 The article is focused on the role of translation criticism in the modern translation studies. Every translator in his work aims for achieving linguistic coherence between the Source Text (ST) and Target Text (TT). The notion of translation criticism, which is an important measure of achieving this goal by the translator, is highlighted. The theory of scenes and frames in modern translation studies is also analysed in the article.

scholarly journals TRANSLATION CRITICISM AS A MEASURE OF LINGUISTIC COHERENCE IN THE TRANSLATION PROCESS

10.23856/3609 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Tetiana Boiko ◽  
Khrystyna Melko
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Important Measure

The article is focused on the ways of realization translation criticism in the modern translation studies. The main aim for the translators in their works is to achieve linguistic coherence between the Source Text (ST) and Target Text (TT). The notion of translation criticism, which is an important measure of achieving this goal by the translator, is highlighted. The theory of scenes and frames in modern translation studies is also analysed in the article.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document