Chapter 6. Temporal reference in Vietnamese

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-140
Author(s):  
Thuy Bui
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reference

Is the Future the Right Time?

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Ouellet ◽  
Julio Santiago ◽  
Ziv Israeli ◽  
Shai Gabay
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Task ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Time Line ◽  
Temporal Reference ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Reading Direction ◽  
Mental Time Line ◽  
The Right

Spanish and English speakers tend to conceptualize time as running from left to right along a mental line. Previous research suggests that this representational strategy arises from the participants’ exposure to a left-to-right writing system. However, direct evidence supporting this assertion suffers from several limitations and relies only on the visual modality. This study subjected to a direct test the reading hypothesis using an auditory task. Participants from two groups (Spanish and Hebrew) differing in the directionality of their orthographic system had to discriminate temporal reference (past or future) of verbs and adverbs (referring to either past or future) auditorily presented to either the left or right ear by pressing a left or a right key. Spanish participants were faster responding to past words with the left hand and to future words with the right hand, whereas Hebrew participants showed the opposite pattern. Our results demonstrate that the left-right mapping of time is not restricted to the visual modality and that the direction of reading accounts for the preferred directionality of the mental time line. These results are discussed in the context of a possible mechanism underlying the effects of reading direction on highly abstract conceptual representations.

An extension of the comparative sociolinguistics approach for sociosyntax

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Comeau
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Temporal Reference ◽  
Generative Theory ◽  
Single Constraint ◽  
Variationist Sociolinguistics ◽  
Acadian French ◽  
Grammatical Structures ◽  
Future Temporal Reference

This paper integrates aspects of both generative theory and variationist sociolinguistics. To compare the structure of two varieties of French (Acadian French and Laurentian French), I adapt the comparative sociolinguistics approach to compare the syntactic structure of these varieties. Specifically, I focus on the effects of a single linguistic constraint across multiple sociolinguistic variables. I argue that such a comparison provides insights into the underlying grammatical structures of the varieties under comparison, differences that may have remained hidden otherwise. To illustrate the approach, I focus on a single constraint, sentential polarity, and I analyze its effects on two sociolinguistic variables, yes/no questions and future temporal reference. Results show that the polarity constraint is operative in Laurentian French for both variables, but inoperative in Acadian French. To account for this difference, I argue that Laurentian French negative structures involve a negative head above the tense phrase while Acadian French does not.

Prescription vs. praxis: The evolution of future temporal reference in French

Language ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shana Poplack ◽  
Nathalie Dion
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reference ◽  
Future Temporal Reference

Sapir, Reichenbach, and the syntax of tense in Pirahã

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Everett
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Linguistic Relativity ◽  
Temporal Reference ◽  
Precision Time

This paper investigates temporal interpretations in Pirahâ, a Muran language spoken in the Brazilian Amazon basin. The analysis assumes the neoReichen-bachian model of tense syntax proposed in Hornstein (1990) and argues that this model provides an elegant account of tense-related facts in Pirahâ, iff it is parametrized. Whereas Hornstein predicts that all tense systems will have a temporal reference point (R), this paper argues that languages may be parametrized as [+R] or [-R] and that this has important implications for their temporal syntax. Moreover, the paper also argues that it is no coincidence that the Pirahâ place little importance on precision time statements, or that the Pirahâ have difficulty translating such statements, since their language does not draw temporal distinctions based on R. The parametrization of R among the Pirahâ is argued to offer anew source of support for Sapir's linguistic relativity hypothesis.

scholarly journals The remembrance of times past: Interference in temporal reference memory.

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1524-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth S. Ogden ◽  
J. H. Wearden ◽  
Luke A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Reference Memory ◽  
Temporal Reference

scholarly journals Comparative modals

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Van linden
Keyword(s):  
American English ◽  
Temporal Reference ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Phonetic Reduction ◽  
The One

This article examines modal expressions with the comparative adverbs better, rather and sooner in American English, and assesses to what extent they have grammaticalized. The corpus data offer evidence that the three comparative modal groups exhibit considerable phonetic reduction in the 1810–2009 period studied. Analysis of several aspects of the constructions, such as subject types, temporal reference and comparative meaning, reveals which conditions promoted this erosion. However, the data also indicate that the three groups are semantically and constructionally quite heterogeneous. In fact, this article proposes a grammaticalization scenario for the rather and sooner structures that is different from the one posited for the better structures.

scholarly journals The Acquisition and Use of Adverbs in French as l2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Daniel Véronique
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Temporal Reference ◽  
High Category ◽  
Semantic Domains

The acquisition of adverbs in French as L2 (FSL) by learners with different L1s, at various levels of proficiency, has been extensively studied within various SLA projects (ESF, Interfra etc.). In the generativist tradition, it has been noted that “high category adverbs” such as those related to Mood-evaluative, Mood-epistemic and Tense are present early in FSL data. In the functionalist school, the early presence of time adverbs and scope particles in learner varieties has been analysed in relation with the informational and syntactic structures observed in these varieties and in terms of their contribution to temporal reference and other semantic domains in discourse.

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