scholarly journals Assessing multilingual lexical incorporation hypotheses through a primed picture-naming task*

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Gonzàlez Alonso

The incorporation of new representations into the mental lexicon has raised numerous questions about the organisational principles that govern the process. A number of studies have argued that similarity between the new L3 items and existing representations in the L1 and L2 is the main incorporating force (Hall & Ecke, 2003; Herwig, 2001). Experimental evidence obtained through a primed picture-naming task with L1 Polish-L2 English learners of L3 Russian supports Hall and Ecke’s Parasitic Model of L3 vocabulary acquisition, displaying a significant main effect for both priming and proficiency. These results complement current models of vocabulary acquisition and lexical access in multilingual speakers.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Amanda Vira Maharani

This study aims to find out the effects of Korean songs and videos on vocabulary size of adult Korean language learners through one-way communication. To collect the data, three respondents participated in a picture-naming task in Korean and questionnaire is used to know the frequency of the participants in listening to Korean songs and watching Korean videos. The result showed that acquiring vocabularies on adult learners is difficult because of motivation and age factors. All participants of this study have exposed to Korean content media for more than five years, yet none of them got a perfect score on vocabulary test, but they got different motivations for learning Korean. It can be concluded, the higher the motivation on learner is the better result the learner’s got. Korean vocabulary acquisition by listening to Korean songs and watching Korean videos is possible yet not easily acquired by adult learners. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lagu dan video Korea pada kosakata pembelajar Bahasa Korea dewasa melalui komunikasi satu arah. Untuk mengumpulkan data, tiga responden berpartisipasi dalam penamaan gambar dalam Bahasa Korea dan kuesioner digunakan untuk mengetahui frekuensi peserta dalam mendengarkan lagu Korea dan menonton video Korea. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa memperoleh kosakata pada pelajar dewasa sulit karena motivasi dan faktor usia. Semua peserta penelitian ini telah terpapar ke media berkonten Korea selama lebih dari lima tahun, namun tidak satupun dari mereka mendapat nilai sempurna pada tes kosakata, tetapi mereka mendapat motivasi yang berbeda untuk belajar Bahasa Korea. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi motivasi pada pelajar adalah hasil yang lebih baik pelajar dapatkan. Pemerolehan kosakata Bahasa Korea dengan mendengarkan lagu-lagu Korea dan menonton video Korea adalah mungkin namun tidak mudah diperoleh oleh pembelajar dewasa.


Gragoatá ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (46) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Pâmela Freitas Pereira Toassi ◽  
Mailce Borges Mota

We report an experiment using a picture-naming task within the masked priming paradigm to examine lexical access in English as a third language. Participants were assigned to one of three groups: a control group, consisting of native speakers of English, and two experimental groups, one consisting of speakers of English as L2 and the other consisting of speakers of German as L2 and English as L3. Participants of the two experimental groups were native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese. All participants performed a picture-naming task in English in which pictures were preceded by a masked prime word in the target language (English), in the native language (Brazilian Portuguese) or in the second language (German). The results indicate some interference from the participants’ second language in the production of their third language (English), favoring the view that lexical access of multilinguals is qualitatively different from that of bilinguals and monolinguals.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Efeitos de priming semântico e acesso lexical em inglês como L3Reporta-se, neste artigo, os resultados de um experimento que investigou o acesso lexical em inglês como terceira língua por meio de uma tarefa de nomeação de figuras no paradigma de priming mascarado. Os participantes foram organizados em três grupos: um grupo controle, formado por falantes nativos de inglês, e dois grupos experimentais, sendo um formado por falantes de inglês como L2 e o outro, por falantes de inglês como L2 e de alemão como L3. Todos os participantes desempenharam uma tarefa de nomeação de figuras em que estas eram precedidas por palavras prime em inglês (a língua alvo), português brasileiro (a língua nativa), ou alemão (a segunda língua). Os resultados indicam alguma interferência da segunda língua desses participantes na produção da terceira língua e favorecem a visão de que o acesso lexical de multilíngues é qualitativamente diferente daquele de bilíngues e monolíngues.---Artigo em inglês.


Gragoatá ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (46) ◽  
pp. 354-373
Author(s):  
Pâmela Freitas Pereira Toassi ◽  
Mailce Borges Mota

We report an experiment using a picture-naming task within the masked priming paradigm to examine lexical access in English as a third language. Participants were assigned to one of three groups: a control group, consisting of native speakers of English, and two experimental groups, one consisting of speakers of English as L2 and the other consisting of speakers of German as L2 and English as L3. Participants of the two experimental groups were native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese. All participants performed a picture-naming task in English in which pictures were preceded by a masked prime word in the target language (English), in the native language (Brazilian Portuguese) or in the second language (German). The results indicate some interference from the participants’ second language in the production of their third language (English), favoring the view that lexical access of multilinguals is qualitatively different from that of bilinguals and monolinguals.---Article in English. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n46a1133


2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivja H. De Jong ◽  
Joan C. Mora

AbstractSpeaking fluently requires three main processes to run smoothly: conceptualization, formulation, and articulation. This study investigates to what extent fluency in spontaneous speech in both first (L1) and second (L2) languages can be explained by individual differences in articulatory skills. A group of L2 English learners (n = 51) performed three semispontaneous speaking tasks in their L1 Spanish and in their L2 English. In addition, participants performed articulatory skill tasks that measured the speed at which their articulatory speech plans could be initiated (delayed picture naming) and the rate and accuracy at which their articulatory gestures could be executed (diadochokinetic production). The results showed that fluency in spontaneous L2 speech can be predicted by L1 fluency, replicating earlier studies and showing that L2 fluency measures are, to a large degree, measures of personal speaking style. Articulatory skills were found to contribute modestly to explaining variance in both L1 and L2 fluency.


2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1461
Author(s):  
Alison Roberto Goncalves ◽  
Rosane Silveira

Abstract: The present study inquired whether orthography affects phonological processing of English as an L2. To do so, a lexicon that simulated opaque and transparent grapho-phonic English relations in nuclear position was developed (e.g., keet, deit, toud). Bilingual speakers of Brazilian Portuguese and English were compelled to learn this new lexicon through a repeated-exposure training paradigm in which they were introduced to the lexicon phonological forms associated with their visual forms, and then to the phonological forms associated with their visual and orthographic forms. After undergoing training, subjects were tested with a Timed Picture Naming task to investigate orthographic recruitment in spoken production. Results suggested that orthography influenced naming of the trained words, indicating that the process of converting a visual input into its phono-articulatory representations for production involves orthographic activation. Such a finding was interpreted as a frequency effect of the grapho-phonic combination, which resulted in lack of skill to compute this operation in the sublexical route. Overall, the presence of orthographic effects in this task can be interpreted as evidence for such a system to function as a strategic mechanism that aids lexical encoding and, consequently, influences lexical access in initial stages of instructed language acquisition.Keywords: phonological acquisition; orthography; psycholinguistics.Resumo: Este estudo investigou se a ortografia afeta o processamento fonológico do inglês como L2. Para tal, um léxico que simulava as relações grafo-fônicas opacas e transparentes do inglês em posição nuclear (e.g., keet, deit, toud) foi desenvolvido. Bilíngues falantes de português brasileiro e de inglês participaram de um treinamento para adquirir este novo léxico com o paradigma de exposição repetida, através do qual foram introduzidas as formas fonológicas deste léxico associadas às suas formas visuais e, depois, as formas fonológicas associadas às suas formas visuais e ortográficas. Após a fase de treinamento, os participantes foram testados com uma tarefa temporalizada de nomeação de figuras para investigar efeitos do recrutamento ortográfico na produção da fala. Os resultados sugeriram que a ortografia influenciou a nomeação das palavras aprendidas no treinamento, indicando que o processo de conversão de uma representação visual para suas representações fonoarticulatórias na produção da fala em L2 envolve a ativação ortográfica. Este resultado foi interpretado como um efeito de frequência da combinação grafo-fônica, que resultou em inabilidade para executar esta operação na rota sublexical. Assim, a presença de efeitos ortográficos nessa tarefa pode ser interpretada como evidência de que o sistema ortográfico pode funcionar como um mecanismo estratégico que auxilia na codificação lexical e, consequentemente, influencia o acesso lexical nos estágios iniciais da aquisição da linguagem em meios instrucionais.Palavras-chave: aquisição fonológica; ortografia; psicolinguística.


Author(s):  
Robert J. Hartsuiker ◽  
Lies Notebaert

A picture naming experiment in Dutch tested whether disfluencies in speech can arise from difficulties in lexical access. Speakers described networks consisting of line drawings and paths connecting these drawings, and we manipulated picture name agreement. Consistent with our hypothesis, there were more pauses and more self-corrections in the low name agreement condition than the high name agreement condition, but there was no effect on repetitions. We also considered determiner frequency. There were more self-corrections and more repetitions when the picture name required the less frequent (neuter-gender) determiner “het” than the more frequent (common-gender) determiner “de”. These data suggest that difficulties in distinct stages of language production result in distinct patterns of disfluencies.


2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M SCHWARTZ ◽  
G DELL ◽  
N MARTIN ◽  
S GAHL ◽  
P SOBEL

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Haman ◽  
Andrea Zevenbergen ◽  
Melissa Andrus ◽  
Marta Chmielewska

Coining Compounds and Derivations - A Crosslinguistic Elicitation Study of Word-Formation Abilities of Preschool Children and Adults in Polish and English This paper examines word-formation abilities in coining compounds and derivatives in preschool children and adult speakers of two languages (English and Polish) differing in overall word-formation productivity and in favoring of particular word-formation patterns (compounding vs. derivation). An elicitation picture naming task was designed to assess these abilities across a range of word-formation categories. Adult speakers demonstrated well-developed word-formation skills in patterns both typical and non-typical for their native language. In contrast with adult results, preschool children predominantly coined innovations conforming to the general pattern of their language: Polish children favoring derivation and American children favoring compounding. The results show that although children are improving their wordformation skills during the preschool years, they need much more experience to come to the mature proficiency in using the variety of word-formation patterns available in their language.


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