The Joint Production of Conversational Turns

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Production ◽  
Conversational Turns

The Enlightenment Turns to China: The International Flow of Concepts and Their Geographic Dispersion

Cultura ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-52
Author(s):  
Chien-shou CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Joint Production ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Conceptual History ◽  
International Flow ◽  
Geographic Dispersion ◽  
Production Of Knowledge ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Modern Chinese History ◽  
Enlightenment Project ◽  
History Of

Abstract This article attempts to strip away the Eurocentrism of the Enlightenment, to reconsider how this concept that originated in Europe was transmitted to China. This is thus an attempt to treat the Enlightenment in terms of its global, worldwide significance. Coming from this perspective, the Enlightenment can be viewed as a history of the exchange and interweaving of concepts, a history of translation and quotation, and thus a history of the joint production of knowledge. We must reconsider the dimensions of both time and space in examining the global Enlightenment project. As a concept, the Enlightenment for the most part has been molded by historical actors acting in local circumstances. It is not a concept shaped and brought into being solely from textual sources originating in Europe. As a concept, the Enlightenment enabled historical actors in specific localities to begin to engage in globalized thinking, and to find a place for their individual circumstances within the global setting. This article follows such a line of thought, to discuss the conceptual history of the Enlightenment in China, giving special emphasis to the processes of formation and translation of this concept within the overall flow of modern Chinese history.

scholarly journals Variations in the Home Language Environment and Early Language Development in Rural China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2671
Author(s):  
Yue Ma ◽  
Laura Jonsson ◽  
Tianli Feng ◽  
Tyler Weisberg ◽  
Teresa Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Child Language ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Home Language ◽  
Early Language ◽  
Early Language Development ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
Conversational Turns ◽  
Home Language Environment

The home language environment is critical to early language development and subsequent skills. However, few studies have quantitatively measured the home language environment in low-income, developing settings. This study explores variations in the home language environment and child language skills among households in poor rural villages in northwestern China. Audio recordings were collected for 38 children aged 20–28 months and analyzed using Language Environment Analysis (LENA) software; language skills were measured using the MacArthur–Bates Mandarin Communicative Developmental Inventories expressive vocabulary scale. The results revealed large variability in both child language skills and home language environment measures (adult words, conversational turns, and child vocalizations) with 5- to 6-fold differences between the highest and lowest scores. Despite variation, however, the average number of adult words and conversational turns were lower than found among urban Chinese children. Correlation analyses did not identify significant correlations between demographic characteristics and the home language environment. However, the results do indicate significant correlations between the home language environment and child language skills, with conversational turns showing the strongest correlation. The results point to a need for further research on language engagement and ways to increase parent–child interactions to improve early language development among young children in rural China.

scholarly journals Flexibility of joint production in mixed fisheries and implications for management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Briton ◽  
Olivier Thébaud ◽  
Claire Macher ◽  
Caleb Gardner ◽  
Lorne Richard Little
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Joint Production ◽  
Total Allowable Catch ◽  
Individual Transferable Quotas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Management Recommendations ◽  
Production Problems

Abstract Over the past decade, efforts have been made to factor technical interactions into management recommendations for mixed fisheries. Yet, the dynamics underlying joint production in mixed fisheries are generally poorly captured in operational mixed fisheries models supporting total allowable catch advice. Using an integrated ecological–economic simulation model, we explore the extent to which fishers are likely to alter the species composition of their landings in a mixed fishery managed with individual transferable quotas, the Australian Southern and Eastern Scalefish and Shark Fishery. Our simulations capture three different types of joint production problems, highlighting the flexibility that exists in terms of achievable catch compositions when quota markets provide the economic incentives to adapt fishing practices to quota availability. These results highlight the importance of capturing the drivers of fishing choices when advising TAC decisions in mixed fisheries. We also identify a hierarchy of species in this fishery, with harvest targets set for primary commercial species determining most of its socio-economic performance.

scholarly journals Rejoinders to the comments on my paper “Performance measurement and joint production of intended and unintended outputs”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn R. Førsund
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Joint Production ◽  
Final Version

AbstractI will comment on the comments by the groups of three reviewers separately. First of all, I will thank all three groups providing a first round of reports in order for me to get rid of obvious mistakes. In the second round the reviewers were free to comment on the qualities of my revised version. I am not to change my revised paper when giving my comments on what would be honest reports on the quality of my final version. However, the reviewers will not have a go at my rejoinders to comments according to the symposium rules. I keep the section numbering of the authors in order to make it easier to identify the arguments.

Spoken fluency revisited

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Joint Production ◽  
The Common ◽  
Interactive View

AbstractAn important priority for the English Profile programme is to incorporate empirical evidence of the spoken language into the Common European Framework (CEFR). At present, the CEFR descriptors relating to the spoken language include references to fluency and its development as the learner moves from one level to another. This article offers a critique of the monologic bias of much of our current approach to spoken fluency. Fluency undoubtedly involves a degree of automaticity and the ability quickly to retrieve ready-made chunks of language. However, fluency also involves the ability to create flow and smoothness across turn-boundaries and can be seen as an interactive phenomenon in discourse. The article offers corpus evidence for the notion of confluence, that is the joint production of flow by more than one speaker, focusing in particular on turn-openings and closings. It considers the implications of an interactive view of fluency for pedagogy, assessment and in the broader social context.

Die Wertstrommethode in der Prozessindustrie*/The Value Stream Method in the process industry - Analysis of its shortcomings and recommendations for adaption

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (04) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
K. Erlach ◽  
E. Sheehan ◽  
S. Hartleif
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Process Industry ◽  
Joint Production ◽  
Industry Analysis ◽  
Process Industries ◽  
Good Industry ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Different Characteristics

In der Stückgutindustrie lassen sich die acht Gestaltungsrichtlinien der Wertstrommethode nach Erlach hervorragend anwenden. In der Prozessindustrie weist die Produktion jedoch häufig andere Merkmale (beispielsweise eine Kuppelproduktion) auf, die neue Herausforderungen an die Wertstrommethode stellen. Aufbauend auf den acht Gestaltungsrichtlinien des Wertstromdesigns werden in diesem Fachbeitrag Handlungsempfehlungen für die Anwendung der Wertstrommethode in der Prozessindustrie diskutiert.   The eight design guidelines of Erlach‘s Value Stream Design Method work well in streamlining operations in the piece-good industry. In the process and chemical industries, however, production systems exhibit different characteristics, like joint production, that present challenges for the eight step value stream design method. Building on the eight design guidelines, this article discusses the deficits of this method in the process industries and gives recommendations for its adaptatio.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document