scholarly journals On the Role of DmpK, an Auxiliary Protein Associated with Multicomponent Phenol Hydroxylase fromPseudomonassp. Strain CF600

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (2) ◽  
pp. 945-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Powlowski ◽  
Jennifer Sealy ◽  
Victoria Shingler ◽  
Elisabeth Cadieux
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Hydroxylase ◽  
Auxiliary Protein ◽  
Multicomponent Phenol Hydroxylase

scholarly journals Proteogenomic Elucidation of the Initial Steps in the Benzene Degradation Pathway of a Novel Halophile, Arhodomonas sp. Strain Rozel, Isolated from a Hypersaline Environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (20) ◽  
pp. 7309-7316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonal Dalvi ◽  
Sei Azetsu ◽  
Marianna A. Patrauchan ◽  
Deniz F. Aktas ◽  
Babu Z. Fathepure
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Phenol Hydroxylase ◽  
Ring Cleavage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Benzene Degradation ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

ABSTRACTLately, there has been a special interest in understanding the role of halophilic and halotolerant organisms for their ability to degrade hydrocarbons. The focus of this study was to investigate the genes and enzymes involved in the initial steps of the benzene degradation pathway in halophiles. The extremely halophilic bacteriaArhodomonassp. strain Seminole andArhodomonassp. strain Rozel, which degrade benzene and toluene as the sole carbon source at high salinity (0.5 to 4 M NaCl), were isolated from enrichments developed from contaminated hypersaline environments. To obtain insights into the physiology of this novel group of organisms, a draft genome sequence of the Seminole strain was obtained. A cluster of 13 genes predicted to be functional in the hydrocarbon degradation pathway was identified from the sequence. Two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to corroborate the role of the predicted open reading frames (ORFs). ORFs 1080 and 1082 were identified as components of a multicomponent phenol hydroxylase complex, and ORF 1086 was identified as catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (2,3-CAT). Based on this analysis, it was hypothesized that benzene is converted to phenol and then to catechol by phenol hydroxylase components. The resulting catechol undergoes ring cleavage via the meta pathway by 2,3-CAT to form 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde, which enters the tricarboxylic acid cycle. To substantiate these findings, the Rozel strain was grown on deuterated benzene, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detected deuterated phenol as the initial intermediate of benzene degradation. These studies establish the initial steps of the benzene degradation pathway in halophiles.

Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Phenol-Degradating Bacterium from a Salt Lake in Inner Mongolia

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 396-400
Author(s):  
Gang Dai ◽  
La Mei Liu ◽  
Qing Chao Ouyang ◽  
Chao Luo Meng ◽  
Tat Suo Iwasa
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Phenol Hydroxylase ◽  
Ring Cleavage ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
The World ◽  
Dioxygenase Gene ◽  
Multicomponent Phenol Hydroxylase

Salt lake environments are economically and ecologically important issues. Like any other ecosystems in the world, salt lake ecosystems are facing various kinds of pollutions. However, little information is available on the biodegradation of organic pollutants by halophilic microorganisms in such environments. In the present work we isolated a strain of phenol-degradating bacteria from a salt lake in Inner Mongolia. Sequence of 16S rRNA suggested that the strain belong toPropionibacteriumgenus. The strain can grow with phenol as a sole carbon source under 10% (w/v) salt concentration. PCR amplifications with the primers for multicomponent phenol hydroxylase or catechol 1, 2 dioxygenase gene were applied to genome DNA of the strain, suggesting that phenol might be transformed to catechol by multicomponent phenol hydroxylase and further degradated through ortho-ring cleavage pathway. When the primers for catechol 1, 2 dioxygenase were applied to the DNA obtained from the lake water, at least two types of catechol 1, 2 dioxygenase genes sequences were obtained, suggesting the presence of the bacteria with diverse aromatic compound-degradating genes.

scholarly journals Cornichon Homolog-3 (CNIH3) Modulates Spatial Memory in Female Mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah E. Frye ◽  
Sidney B. Williams ◽  
Christopher R. Trousdale ◽  
Elliot C. Nelson ◽  
Joseph D. Dougherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Dorsal Hippocampus ◽  
Postsynaptic Membrane ◽  
Spatial Learning And Memory ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Auxiliary Protein

ABSTRACTCornichon homolog-3 (CNIH3) is an AMPA receptor (AMPAR) auxiliary protein that traffics AMPARs to the postsynaptic membrane and potentiates AMPAR signaling. AMPARs are key components of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory formation, however the role of CNIH3 in memory has yet to be elucidated. To study the role of CNIH3 on mouse behavior, we bred and characterized a line of Cnih3-/- mice from C57BL/6 Cnih3tm1a(KOMP)Wtsi mice obtained from the Knockout Mouse Project (KOMP). In agreement with previous studies of CNIH3 in the brain, we observed concentrated expression of Cnih3 in the dorsal hippocampus, a region associated with spatial learning and memory. Therefore, we tested Cnih3+/+, Cnih3+/-, and Cnih3-/- mice in the Barnes maze paradigm to measure spatial memory. We observed no change in spatial memory in male Cnih3+/- and Cnih3-/- mice compared to male Cnih3+/+ controls, however, Cnih3-/- female mice made significantly more primary errors, had a higher primary latency, and took less efficient routes to the target in the maze compared to Cnih3+/+ female mice. Next, to investigate an enhancement of spatial memory by Cnih3 overexpression, specifically in the dorsal hippocampus, we developed an AAV5 viral construct to express wild-type Cnih3 in excitatory neurons. Female mice overexpressing Cnih3 made significantly fewer errors, had a lower primary latency to the target, and took more efficient routes to the maze target compared to YFP expressing control females. No change in spatial memory was observed in male Cnih3 overexpression mice. This study, the first to identify sex-specific effects of the AMPAR auxiliary protein CNIH3 on spatial memory, provides the groundwork for future studies investigating the role of CNIH3 on sexually dimorphic AMPAR-dependent behavior and hippocampal synaptic plasticity.

scholarly journals The Suitability of Orthogonal Hosts to Study Plant Cell Wall Biosynthesis

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Pauly ◽  
Niklas Gawenda ◽  
Christine Wagner ◽  
Patrick Fischbach ◽  
Vicente Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽  
Plant Polysaccharides ◽  
Auxiliary Protein ◽  
Molecular Components ◽  
Selection Of

Plant cells are surrounded by an extracellular matrix that consists mainly of polysaccharides. Many molecular components involved in plant cell wall polymer synthesis have been identified, but it remains largely unknown how these molecular players function together to define the length and decoration pattern of a polysaccharide. Synthetic biology can be applied to answer questions beyond individual glycosyltransferases by reconstructing entire biosynthetic machineries required to produce a complete wall polysaccharide. Recently, this approach was successful in establishing the production of heteromannan from several plant species in an orthogonal host—a yeast—illuminating the role of an auxiliary protein in the biosynthetic process. In this review we evaluate to what extent a selection of organisms from three kingdoms of life (Bacteria, Fungi and Animalia) might be suitable for the synthesis of plant cell wall polysaccharides. By identifying their key attributes for glycoengineering as well as analyzing the glycosidic linkages of their native polymers, we present a valuable comparison of their key advantages and limitations for the production of different classes of plant polysaccharides.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor
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