Ultrastructure of the Epidermis and Protonephridium of an Undescribed Species of Luridae (Platyhelminthes, Rhabdocoela)

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Rohde ◽  
NA Watson ◽  
A Faubel
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Dense Material ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Longitudinal Ribs ◽  
Capillary Walls

The epidermis of an undescribed species of Luridae possesses many large cavities filled with a medium-dense material, intraepidermal nuclei, glandular ducts, cilia with vertical and horizontal rootlets, surface microvilli, and a thick basal lamina. Cilia have narrow tips, the peripheral axonemal doublets lose one of the microtubules and, finally, whole doublets are lost near the tip. Flame bulbs have a single row of longitudinal ribs containing microtubules and connected by a 'membrane' apparently of extracellular matrix; cilia of flame bulbs possess cross-striated rootlets, and capillary walls are smooth. The nucleus of the protonephridium was observed near the tip of the flame bulb, along the capillary. It is not clear whether one perikaryon forms more than one flame bulb. The structure of the epidermal ciliary rootlets, the presence of intraepidermal nuclei, and flame bulbs composed of a single row of longitudinal ribs containing microtubules formed by a single cell are typical rhabdocoel characteristics.

scholarly journals 3D magnetically controlled spatiotemporal probing and actuation of collagen networks from a single cell perspective

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 3850-3862
Author(s):  
Daphne O. Asgeirsson ◽  
Michael G. Christiansen ◽  
Thomas Valentin ◽  
Luca Somm ◽  
Nima Mirkhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Matrix Models ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Physical Modeling ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Field Control

Rod-shaped magnetic microprobes are employed to assess and actuate extracellular matrix models in 3D from the perspective of single cells. To achieve this, our method combines magnetic field control, physical modeling, and image analysis.

Fine structure of the regressing interdigital membranes during the formation of the digits of the chick embryo leg bud

Development ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-209
Author(s):  
J. M. Hurle ◽  
M. A. Fernandez-Teran
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Cell Processes ◽  
Collagenous Material

There is recent evidence showing that in addition to the well-known mesenchymal necrotic mechanism involved in the disappearance of the interdigital membranes, the ectodermal tissue may also play an active role in the formation of the free digits of most vertebrates. Ultrastructural study of the regressing interdigital membrane of the chick leg revealed significant changes at the epitheliomesenchymal interface. Disruptions of the ectodermal basal lamina and an intense deposition of collagenous material were the most conspicuous changes observed in the extracellular matrix. In addition the basal ectodermal cells showed prominent cell processes projected into the mesenchymal core of the membrane, and mesenchymal macrophages appeared to migrate through the epithelial tissue to be detached into the amniotic sac. It is concluded from our results that the elimination of the interdigital membranes is a complex process requiring the interaction of all the tissue components of the membrane.

Cardiac Fibroblast Diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle D. Tallquist
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblast ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Single Cell Sequencing ◽  
Disease States

Cardiac fibrosis is a pathological condition that occurs after injury and during aging. Currently, there are limited means to effectively reduce or reverse fibrosis. Key to identifying methods for curbing excess deposition of extracellular matrix is a better understanding of the cardiac fibroblast, the cell responsible for collagen production. In recent years, the diversity and functions of these enigmatic cells have been gradually revealed. In this review, I outline current approaches for identifying and classifying cardiac fibroblasts. An emphasis is placed on new insights into the heterogeneity of these cells as determined by lineage tracing and single-cell sequencing in development, adult, and disease states. These recent advances in our understanding of the fibroblast provide a platform for future development of novel therapeutics to combat cardiac fibrosis.

scholarly journals Progressive Extracellular Matrix Disorganization in Chemically Induced Murine Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fuentes ◽  
J. Duaso ◽  
D. Droguett ◽  
C. Castillo ◽  
W. Donoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Collagen I ◽  
Severe Dysplasia ◽  
Tumor Pathogenesis

Introduction. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the ten most common cancers affecting the human population. Tumor pathogenesis implies a multistep process in which cells acquire features that enable them to become tumorigenic and ultimately malignant. The process of OSCC carcinogenesis can be reproduced in animal models, the OSCC induction with 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) in mice is a widely used tool for studying tumor pathogenesis. Objective. The aim of the present study was to determine the progressive changes in basal lamina and connective tissue remodeling during 4NQO-induced OSCC carcinogenesis. Material and Methods. Samples were classified according to “International Histological Classification of tumors” in mild, moderate, and severe dysplasia and invasive carcinoma. Five samples of each pathologic entity and control healthy tongues were used. Immunohistochemical analysis of collagen IV as well as histochemical analysis of glycosylated molecules (PAS) and collagen I (Picro Sirius red) were performed. Results. During experimental-induced carcinogenesis by 4NQO a progressive basal lamina destruction and collagen I disorganization in adjacent connective tissue can be observed. Conclusion. Our results confirm previous studies that show alterations in extracellular matrix (ECM) in malignant lesions, validating the experimental carcinogenesis induced by 4NQO.

scholarly journals Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Identifies Extracellular Matrix Gene Expression by Pancreatic Circulating Tumor Cells

Cell Reports ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1905-1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Ting ◽  
Ben S. Wittner ◽  
Matteo Ligorio ◽  
Nicole Vincent Jordan ◽  
Ajay M. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Matrix Gene ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing

TCDD alters the extracellular matrix and basal lamina of the fetal mouse kidney

Teratology ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Abbott ◽  
K. S. Morgan ◽  
L. S. Birnbaum ◽  
R. M. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Mouse Kidney ◽  
Fetal Mouse

scholarly journals Cardiac Myofibroblast and Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Kurose
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Selective Isolation ◽  
Number Of Cells

Fibroblasts are differentiated to myofibroblasts and produce collagen and other extracellular matrix when the heart is exposed to stresses. Myocardial infarction and pressure overload-induced hypertrophy are major stresses to induce differentiation of fibroblasts. Since collagen can compensate the missing tissue due to injury, appropriate production of collagen is beneficial for the injured heart against rupture. However, excessive deposition of collagen is called fibrosis and causes cardiac dysfunction. After fibroblasts are differentiated to myofibroblasts, myofibroblasts can further change their phenotypes. In addition, myofibroblasts are found to have a new function other than collagen production. Myofibroblasts have macrophage-like functions that engulf dead cells and secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines. So far, research on fibroblasts has been delayed due to the lack of available markers for selective isolation of fibroblasts. In recent years, it has become possible to genetically label fibroblasts, sequence the cells at single cell levels, and manipulate function or the number of cells. Based on new technologies, the origin of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, time-dependent changes of fibroblast states after injury, and heterogeneity have been demonstrated. Here, I will introduce recent advances in fibroblasts and myofibroblasts.

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