Effects of Fenitrothion and Aminocarb, at Doses Giving Low Mortality, on Surviving Eggs and Larvae of the Eucalypt-Defoliating Chrysomelid Beetle Paropsis Atomaria Ol. Iii. Histological Changes in Treated Larvae.

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
MT Tanton ◽  
SM Khan
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Food Digestion ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

The treatment of larvae of Paropsis atomaria Ol. with low doses of fenitrothion or aminocarb caused disintegration of the cell structure of the alimentary canal, reducing food digestion and absorption [see preceding abstract, etc.]. The growth of the larvae decreased progressively as the dose increased, and the fat-body was reduced. Muscle damage was also evident.

Modifications in the Concentrations of Circulating Myoglobin after Treatment with Low Doses of Adriamycin

1985 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Carulli ◽  
Aldo Clerico ◽  
Alessandra Marini ◽  
Maria Grazia Del Chicca ◽  
Renato Vanacore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Damage ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb

The modifications in the concentration of circulating myoglobin have been studied by means of a radioimmunoassay in 15 cancer patients undergoing polychemotherapy including adriamycin. In 8 patients significant increases in myoglobin levels were found after injection of low doses of the drug (25-50 mg/m2). Moreover, a disturbance of the normal biorhythm of the protein was evident in 12 patients. Creatine kinase-MB was evaluated by means of a radioimmunoassay, but there was no relation between an increase in the isoenzyme and an increase in myoglobin. No ECG modifications were detected. These data indicate that the measurement of myoglobin may offer an indication of myocardial or skeletal muscle damage caused by adriamycin.

Low doses of the pesticide lindane induce protein release by the fat body of female cockroach Blaberus craniifer (Dictyoptera)

2007 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Goudey-Perrière ◽  
François Lemonnier ◽  
Véronique Bergougnoux ◽  
Claude Perrière
Keyword(s):  
Fat Body ◽  
Protein Release ◽  
Low Doses

MORPHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND BEHAVIOR OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF THE PARASITE BATHYPLECTES ANURUS (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Bartell ◽  
B. C. Pass
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Hypera Postica ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Morphology Development ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

AbstractObservations, measurements, dissections, and histological preparations were made daily of the eggs and larvae of Bathyplectes anurus (Thomson) while in their host, Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Observation of development began 24 h after oviposition and ended when parasite larvae emerged from their hosts.Parasite eggs doubled in length and width during their 3- to 4-day incubation period. Parasite larvae fed on hemolymph initially but later instars preferred the fat body and other tissues. B. anurus has five instars. From 18 to 21 days were required for the larvae to complete development and total development time was 21–25 days at 21 ± 1 °C.

scholarly journals The Determination of Characters at Metamorphosis in Rhodnius Prolixus (Hemiptera)

1940 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. B. WIGGLESWORTH
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Corpus Allatum ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Brain ◽  
New Hypothesis ◽  
Partial Reversion

Nymphs of Rhodnius decapitated 24 hr. after feeding can be induced to moult by implanting into the abdomen the dorsal region of the protocerebrum removed from other nymphs during the critical period. Implantation of other parts of the brain, of the corpus allatum, and of fat body from the same insects did not cause moulting. The presence of large nerve cells with fuchsinophil inclusions discovered by Hanström in this region of the brain has been confirmed. The histological changes in the epidermis of the abdomen and the distribution of mitoses at an imaginal moult and at a nymphal moult have been compared. During a nymphal moult mitoses occur all over the tergites; during an imaginal moult they are largely confined to the intersegmental membranes and the periphery of the abdomen, and there is a more extensive breakdown of existing cells. If 5th stage nymphs in the course of moulting to become adults receive "inhibitory hormone" from young nymphs, they may be caused to "switch over" to nymphal development. Such a "switch over" soon becomes impossible for the most specialized structures of the adult; other structures follow in turn; but the general cuticle of the tergites may still be influenced up to a short time before it is due to be laid down. The various faculties of a given cell can become determined to some extent independently of one another. Isolated fragments of cuticle and epidermis from Rhodnius adults may be induced to moult, more than once, by transplantation to young moulting nymphs. Decapitated Cimex adults may be caused to moult again if they receive blood from moulting Rhodnius nymphs; but they lay down a normal cuticle with bristles only if they have become adult very recently. Decapitated Rhodnius adults may be caused to moult again if they receive blood from two moulting 5th stage nymphs. They lay down a cuticle of normal adult type even when they have been adults for several months. The old skin is digested up to the level of the exocuticle. If such moulting adults are provided with inhibitory hormone from the corpus allatum of young nymphs, they show a partial reversion to nymphal characters when they moult. This change probably does not extend to the most specialized imaginal structures; but the pigmentation and the structure of the general cuticle, and of the bristles it carries, may become partially nymphal again. The "determination" of imaginal or nymphal characters thus takes place at different times in different organs. And for some characters, at least, such determination is not irrevocable. In the light of these results a new hypothesis is put forward to explain the action of the inhibitory hormone in controlling metamorphosis. This work was begun during a stay of three months in Berlin-Dahlem as the guest of the Kaiser-Wilhelm Gesellschaft, to whom my thanks are due. Throughout this stay I was indebted to Prof. A. Kühn and his colleagues at the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institut für Biologie for every assistance and for much stimulating discussion.

The Distribution of Esterase in the Nervous System and other Tissues of the Insect Rhodnius prolixus

1958 ◽  
Vol s3-99 (48) ◽  
pp. 441-450
Author(s):  
V. B. WIGGLESWORTH
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Cytoplasmic Localization ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Dermal Glands ◽  
Pericardial Cells ◽  
Single Well

Cholinesterase in Rhodnius is limited to the neuropile, the nerve-roots, and the larger nerves. None is present in the axons; it seems to be confined to the interneuronal cytoplasm, the product of the glial cells. The intensity of the reaction is greatest in the synaptic regions and appears to be proportional to the amount of interneuronal material. The ganglion cells contain traces of a non-specific esterase; and larger amounts of non-specific esterase occur in the glial layer between the cells. A similar enzyme is plentiful within the perineurium cells. Non-specific esterases occur in many other tissues: salivary glands and alimentary canal, pericardial cells, haemocytes, oenocytes, dermal glands and epidermal cells, germ-cells and fat-body. Esterase is absent from the muscle endplates. The cytoplasmic localization and the reaction of these enzymes to inhibitors are described. In the fat-body, each droplet of fat has a single well-defined ‘cap’ of esterase, presumably lipase. It is suggested that this controls the transfer of triglycerides to and from the storage vacuoles. Esterase is not associated with the mitochondria; but there is evidence that the enzyme may be disposed as fine filaments, particularly over the surface of the nucleus. Some of these widely distributed ‘esterases’ may be cathepsins.

Histological changes in mosquito flight muscle fibres associated with parasitization by filarial larvae

Parasitology ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn B. Beckett
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Muscle Breakdown ◽  
Mansonia Uniformis ◽  
Significant Mortality

1. Serial sections were examined of thoraces of a selected strain of Aedes aegypti infected with either Brugia pahangi or subperiodic B. malayi and of wild-caught Mansonia uniformis infected with the latter parasite.2. A few badly damaged flight muscle fibres are seen in the early stages of infection but many more fibres are destroyed at the time when the mature filarial larvae leave the muscle and enter the haemocoel. In the intervening period, when the larvae are growing within the muscle fibres, only minor damage develops, affecting nuclei and/or mitochondria. The nature of such minor damage and the mechanism of complete muscle breakdown differs in the two species of mosquitoes.3. It was concluded that the muscle damage was sufficiently severe to explain the significant mortality often observed among experimentally infected mosquitoes at the time when the mature filarial larvae enter the haemocoel.I am very grateful to Dr W. W. Macdonald, of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, who supplied the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and who has given invaluable help and advice throughout this study. Mr Cheong Weng Hooi and his colleagues in Kuala Lumpur kindly supplied, and partly processed, the Mansonia uniformis mosquitoes. Miss M. A. Johnson assisted with the care of the A. aegypti colony and Mrs J. Oliver helped with some of the histological work.

scholarly journals Сезонна динаміка чисельності нематод копитних природного заповідника «Дніпровсько-Орільський»

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
O. O. Boіko
Keyword(s):  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

In the roes and wild boars inhabited the Dniprovsko-Orilskij Nature Reserve we identified nematodes’ eggs and larvae of orders Strongylida (Dictyocaulus sp., Muellerius sp., Cystocaulus sp., Protostrongylus sp., Ostertagiella sp., Globocephalus sp., Oesophagostomum sp.) and Rhabditida (Strongyloides papillosus (Wedl), S. ransomi (Scwartz)). The seasonal features in number of the ungulates’ nematodes in the environment are ascertained. It was found that females of palisade worms living in the ungulates’ airways do not release larvae in the environment from October to spring. In autumn the Rhabditida density in the environment is higher than in summer, but inversely, the number of Strongylida of alimentary canal – lower.

LETHAL AND SUBLETHAL EFFECTS PRODUCED BY THREE LASERS ON TWO TROGODERMA SPECIES (COLEOPTERA: DERMESTIDAE): II. HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-525
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Kobylnyk ◽  
Walter H. A. Wilde
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Ruby Laser ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
High Doses

AbstractDorsal anterior abdomens of late instar larvae of Trogoderma inclusum Le Conte and T. variabile Ballion were exposed to six doses from each of three lasers. The effects were followed for 183 days after lasing. Ruby (1.6–9.5 j/cm2) and neodymium (4.3–24.9 j/cm2) lasing killed the darker T. variabile larvae at lower doses than those required to kill the paler T. inclusum larvae. Dehydration through ruptured exocuticle and denatured cuticle was the main cause of death. Carbon dioxide (2.1–12.7 j/cm2) lasing killed larvae of both species at intermediate and high doses due to denaturation, degeneration of the fat body, and inhibition of moulting.At sublethal doses, subsequent instars bore lesions which lacked exocuticle and setae. Internally, the lesions consisted of wavy cuticle and thickened, vacuolated epidermis. These lesions were reversible because they regressed with moulting. Additional setae occurred in lesions of later instars where exocuticle had been initially lacking. In terms of irradiance, mortality, penetration, and persistence of lesions, the carbon dioxide laser was the most effective, the ruby laser was intermediate, and the neodymium laser the least effective.

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