The Australian species of Heliothis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and their pest status.

1953 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
IFB Common
Keyword(s):  
Northern Territory ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Pest Status ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The taxonomic and pest status of the species of Heliothis occurring in Australia have been examined and it is shown that two pest species have previously been confused under the name of H. armigera (Hiibner). H. amnigera has a limited distribution, mainly in coastal and subcoastal eastern Australia and in the Northern Territory. It also occurs widely in Europe, Africa, India, New Zealand, and the islands of the south-west Pacific. In North America another closely related species, probably H, umb~osus Grote, has previously been synonymized with H. armigera. Widely distributed in Australia, H. pudgera Wallengren has hitherto been referred to in the Australian economic and taxonomic literature as H. armigera. In addition, two other species, H. assulta GuenCe and H, rubrescens (Walker), occur in Australia but have not so far been recognized as pests. Descriptions and illustrations of the four species, including the male and female genitalia, and keys to the males and females, are provided. The genitalia of both sexes of the North American species are also figured.

Patterns of Distribution of Acacia in Australia

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
BR Maslin ◽  
L Pedley
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Patterns Of Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
Geographic Patterns ◽  
South West ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Semiarid Areas ◽  
The Tropics

Patterns of distribution are described for the three subgenera and nine sections that make up the Australian Acacia flora. Subgenus Phyllodineae (833 species) is widespread and contains 99% of the species; subgenus Acacia (six species) and subgenus Aculeiferum (one species) are poorly represented and virtually confined to the north of the continent. The geographic patterns of species-richness are strongly influenced by sections Phyllodineae (352 species), Juliflorae (219 species) and Plurinerves (178 species). Section Phyllodineae has centres of richness south of the Tropic of Capricorn in temperate and adjacent semiarid areas of eastern, south-eastern and south-western Australia. The section is poorly represented in the tropics. The closely related sections Juliflorae and Plurinerves predominate in the north of the continent, semiarid areas of the south-west, many rocky tablelands of the Arid Zone and along the Great Dividing Range and adjacent inland riverine lowland areas in eastern Australia. The remaining four sections contribute little to the overall patterns of species-richness. The principal speciespoor areas are sandy and fluvial lowland regions of the Arid Zone. In eastern Australia, sections Botrycephalae, Juliflorae, Phyllodineae and Plurinerves show discontinuous patterns of species-richness along the Great Dividing Range. All sections have species whose ranges terminate in the area of the McPherson-Macleay Overlap region.

Finding Australian Birds

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Dolby ◽  
Rohan Clarke
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Flinders Ranges ◽  
South West ◽  
Bird Watching ◽  
Australian Birds ◽  
Temperate Woodlands ◽  
International Visitors

Finding Australian Birds is a guide to the special birds found across Australia's vastly varied landscapes. From the eastern rainforests to central deserts, Australia is home to some 900 species of birds. This book covers over 400 Australian bird watching sites conveniently grouped into the best birding areas, from one end of the country to the other. This includes areas such as Kakadu in the Top End and rocky gorges in the central deserts of the Northern Territory, the Great Barrier Reef in Queensland, rainforests distributed along the eastern Australian seaboard, some of the world's tallest forests in Tasmania, the Flinders Ranges and deserts along the iconic Strzelecki and Birdsville Tracks in South Australia, and the mallee temperate woodlands and spectacular coastlines in both Victoria and south west Western Australia. Each chapter begins with a brief description of the location, followed by a section on where to find the birds, which describes specific birdwatching sites within the location's boundaries, and information on accommodation and facilities. The book also provides a comprehensive 'Bird Finding Guide', listing all of Australia's birds with details on their abundance and where exactly to see them. Of value to both Australian birdwatchers and international visitors, this book will assist novices, birders of intermediate skill and keen 'twitchers' to find any Australian species.

La lagartija de Bocage, Podarcis bocagei (SEOANE, 1884): Primeros datos sobre su distribución, colorido y ecología

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Perez Mellado
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Quercus Pyrenaica ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Podarcis Bocagei

AbstractP. bocagei is considered a valid species, and several criteria are used for distinguish it in sympatry of P. hispanica, a closely related species. A detailed distribution map is provided for this lizard, which occurs in Galicia, León, Orense, Zamora, western slopes of the Sistema Central, and probably, the north of Portugal. P. hispanica males and females in the Sistema Central are significant larger than males and females of P. bocagei. Significant differences in size, scalation and ecology are apparent between the Sistema Central and northern populations of P. bocagei, but no taxonomic decisions are made, pending a more detailed study. The examination of the masseteric shield revealed its large size in P. bocagei and its absence in most of the P. hispanica studied. P. bocagei has a relatively robust, deep skull, probably related to his terrestriral habits, unlike P. hispanica, which has a flattened skull and, at least in the Sistema Central, is a saxicolous species. P. bocagei is very common in Galicia and is found there at altitudes between 0 and 1500 meters, but in the Sistema Central is restricted to Quercus pyrenaica forests, between 800 and 1200 meters.

An intraspecific and interspecific comparison of raptor diets in the south-west of the Northern Territory, Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Aumann
Keyword(s):  
Northern Territory ◽  
Diet Overlap ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Interspecific Comparison ◽  
Important Food ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Competition For Food ◽  
Central Australia

Dietary information, collected during 1995–97 in the south-west of the Northern Territory, is presented for 11 raptor species. Unlike better-studied populations of these species in south-eastern and eastern Australia, most of the raptors in the arid inland were found to depend heavily on reptiles and birds, the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) being a particularly important food for many species during those periods when it was plentiful. Between-territory, between-year and seasonal differences in diet are quantified for most species. The raptor assemblages in central Australia included specialists on medium-sized to large mammals, small to medium-sized birds, and small reptiles/invertebrates, as well as several generalists. Indices of prey diversity and evenness were calculated for each species, and diet overlap between them was used to investigate aspects of interspecific competition for food. Overall, diet overlap was greatest among the bird specialists and between some of the generalists. It increased in 1997, a year of comparative plenty, possibly because several species exploited an abundance of some prey taxa and competitive pressure eased.

Long-Range Movements as an Adaptive Strategy in the Genus Heliothis (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) - a Review of Its Occurrence and Detection in 4 Pest Species

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Farrow ◽  
JC Daly
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Adaptive Strategy ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Pest Status ◽  
The World ◽  
Migratory Movements ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Four species in the genus of noctuid moths, Heliothis, are major agricultural pests throughout the world. We propose that their pest status is due, in part, to their capacity for long-range movement. This review discusses movement as an adaptive strategy in these moths, details the evidence for and against migratory movements, and evaluates techniques that can be used to investigate movement over long range.

The Australian species of the carabid genus Perileptus (Coleoptera : Carabidae : Trechinae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Baehr
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Phylogenetic Status ◽  
Northwestern Australia ◽  
North Western

The Australian species of the trechine genus Perileptus are revised and compared in a key. Perileptus convexicollis, sp. nov., P. subopacus, sp. nov., and P. minimus, sp. nov., all from northern or northwestern Australia, are described, and the subgenus Pyrrhotachys Sloane is reestablished. The species distribution is mapped. Patterns of distribution and the phylogenetic status of the species suggest at least two independent westward migrations, of different lineages and presumably at different times, within Australia, resulting in the evolution of several endemic species in refugia in northern or north-western Australia. As a consequence, the Perileptus fauna of Western Australia is today more diverse than that of eastern Australia, in spite of the rather unsuitable environmental conditions in the north-western refugia.

Phytogeography of Acacia in Australia in Relation to Climate and Species-Richness

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
RJ Hnatiuk ◽  
BR Maslin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Geographic Patterns ◽  
South West ◽  
Eastern Australia

This paper reports on the kinds of geographic patterns encountered in the distribution of Australian species of Acacia and on some climatic correlates of these patterns. The analyses were based on distribution data of 837 species mapped on a 1° x 1.5° grid. The area of highest density of species was the south-west corner of the continent, especially adjacent to the major boundary separating the Arid Zone from the more humid South West Botanical Province. The second major centre of richness occurred in eastern Australia south of the Tropic of Capricorn along the topographically heterogeneous Great Dividing Range. Secondary centres of species-richness occurred in northern and north-eastern Australia, a number of rocky tablelands of the Arid Zone and in western Victoria. The principal species-poor areas were located in sandy and some riverine areas of the Arid Zone, in temperate forests of Tasmania and in coastal areas of the north of the continent. The geographic patterns of each section of Acacia, when combined with those of species density, highlighted the tropical (section Juliflorae) v. temperate areas (sections Phyllodineae, Pulchellae, Botrycephalae and Alatae). The numerical classification of grids resulted in the recognition of eight major Acacia areas, arranged under four Acacia regions: (1) South-west; (2) Eastern, comprising a southern and a northern area; (3) Northern, comprising an eastern and a western area; (4) Central, comprising a south-east, a central and a north-west area. A discriminant function analysis indicated that precipitation was more important than temperature in distinguishing between areas. Discussion of the potential evolutionary significance of these findings and brief comparison with other biogeographic studies are given.

The Australian Hersiliidae (Arachnida : Araneae): Taxonomy, phylogeny, zoogeography

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Baehr ◽  
M Baehr
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
First Record ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Character State ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Doubtful Species

The Australian species of the spider family Hersiliidae are revised and compared in a key. Hersilia australiensis, sp. nov., is newly described, the first record of the genus Hersilia from Australia. For all other Australian species a new genus, Tamopsis, is erected and the species formerly included in the genus Tama Simon are transferred to it. Of the species so far recorded from Australia, only T. eucalypti (Rainbow) and T. fickerti (L. Koch) are recognised; Tama novaehollandiae (L. Koch) and Tama brachyura Simon are regarded as doubtful species, because the types are either juveniles or lost and the species are not recognisable from descriptions. For T. eucalypti (Rainbow) a lectotype and a paralectotype are designated; for T. fickerti (L. Koch) a neotype is designated from the material at hand. The following new species of Tamopsis are described: T. platycephala, sp. nov.; T. amplithorax, sp. nov.; T. brachycauda, sp. nov.; T. tweedensis, sp. nov.; T. brisbanensis, sp. nov.; T. daviesi, sp. nov.; T. kochi, sp. nov.; T. centralis, sp. nov.; T. reevesbyana, sp. nov.; T. grayi, sp. nov.; T. darlingtoniana, sp. nov.; T. queenslandica, sp. nov.; T. raveni, sp. nov.; T. cooloolensis, sp. nov.; T. brevipes, sp. nov.; T. arnhemensis, sp. nov.; T. circumvidens, sp. nov.; T. tropica, sp. nov.; T. trionyx, sp. nov.; T. pseudocircumvidens, sp. nov.; T. leichhardtiana, sp. nov.; T. rossi, sp. nov.; T. perthensis, sp. nov.; T. occidentalis, sp. nov.; T. fitzroyensis, sp. nov. The species of the genus Tamopsis are arranged in nine species-groups. A character-state analysis of several characters is provided for all species, and the phylogenetic status of species-groups and of included species is derived. It is concluded that four main lineages exist in Tamopsis: a high-eyed lineage (arnhemensis – circumvidens – tropica groups, 11 species), and three low-eyes lineages, namely the platycephala group (two species), the eucalypti group (two species), and the daviesi – queenslandica groups (10 species). In addition, the brachycauda and tweedensis groups are very primitive, each consisting of one species of obscure relationships. The origin of the genus Tamopsis is obscure, because no reliable information is available on the hersiliid fauna of neighbouring areas (New Guinea, south-eastern Asia). Phylogenetic and zoogeographical evidence, however, suggests that both high-eyed and low-eyed lineages originated in northern Australia. Perhaps the high-eyed lineage originated in or immigrated into northernmost Northern Territory, and the low-eyed lineages in northern Queensland. Within the arnhemensis – circumvidens – tropica lineage, as well as in the daviesi – queenslandica and the platycephala lineages, migration proceeded in a clockwise direction from the Northern Territory and northern Queensland respectively, through eastern Australia to south-western Australia and, in the tropica group, eventually to north-western Australia, where today the most derived Tamopsis species lives. The independent migration of species of different lineages probably explains the rich and diverse Tamopsis faunas in south-eastern Queensland and eastern New South Wales, as well as in south-western Australia. Both regions can be regarded as major centres for evolution of Tamopsis.

Westward Palaearctic range expansion of Papilio demoleus Linnaeus, 1758 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and its arrival at Mediterranean coastal regions of Turkey and Syria

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-272
Author(s):  
Onat Başbay ◽  
Mudar Salimeh ◽  
Eddie John
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
Invasive Pest Species ◽  
Papilio Demoleus

We review the continuing and extensive spread of Papilio demoleus in south-eastern Turkey and in regions of Turkey and Syria adjacent to the north-eastern Mediterranean. Since the authors documented the arrival of this attractive but potentially destructive papilionid species at coastal areas of Syria in 2019, regular monitoring has confirmed successful overwintering there, as well as in Turkey. As previously indicated, P. demoleus is widely recognized as an invasive pest species in Citrus-growing areas of the world and hence its arrival is of potential economic importance to a region in which citrus is widely grown.

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