Paternally inherited genetic markers reveal new insights into genetic structuring within Macropus fuliginosus and hybridisation with sympatric Macropus giganteus

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda E. Neaves ◽  
Kyall R. Zenger ◽  
Robert I. T. Prince ◽  
Mark D. B. Eldridge
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Population History ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Male Dispersal ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
Swan River

There are several aspects of biology in which the contribution of males and females is unequal. In these instances the examination of Y chromosome markers may be used to elucidate male-specific attributes. Here, male dispersal patterns and genetic structuring were examined using four Y-microsatellite loci in 186 male western grey kangaroos, Macropus fuliginosus, from throughout the species’ trans-continental distribution. In addition, 52 male grey kangaroos were examined to investigate hybridisation between M. fuliginosus and the eastern grey kangaroo, Macropus giganteus, in their region of sympatry in eastern Australia. Detected Y chromosome diversity was low, resulting from low effective male population size due to skewed sex ratios and a polygynous mating system. As expected, male dispersal was high across the range. However, the Lake Torrens–Flinders Ranges region appears to have significantly restricted male movement between eastern and central/western Australia. There was little evidence to suggest that other barriers (Nullarbor Plain and Swan River Valley) previously identified by nuclear and mitochondrial DNA marker studies restrict male movement. Hence, the admixture events previously identified may be associated with high male dispersal. Within the region of sympatry between M. fuliginosus and M. giganteus in eastern Australia, four M. giganteus individuals were found to possess M. fuliginosus Y-haplotypes. These results confirm the occurrence of hybridisation between male M. fuliginosus and female M. giganteus. Additionally, the introgression of M. fuliginosus Y-haplotypes into M. giganteus populations indicates that at least some male hybrids are fertile, despite evidence to the contrary from captive studies. This study has provided insights into the male contribution to population history, structure and hybridisation in M. fuliginosus, which were not predicted by comparisons between biparentally and maternally inherited markers. This highlights the importance of direct examination of the Y chromosome to provide novel insights into male-mediated processes, especially where the contribution of the sexes may differ.

Dispersal patterns and population structure in a small marsupial, Antechinus agilis, from two forests analysed using microsatellite markers

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. L. Kraaijeveld-Smit ◽  
D. B. Lindenmayer ◽  
A. C. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Assignment Test ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Capture Site ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Antechinus Agilis ◽  
One Year

Juvenile male agile antechinus (Antechinus agilis) are thought to disperse immediately after they leave the nest, whereas females are philopatric. However, no genetic data are available to support a hypothesis of male-biased dispersal, and the possible effects of habitat characteristics on dispersal are not known. We used five microsatellite loci to describe the dispersal patterns and population structure of A. agilis at two different forested sites (Mt Donna Buang and Mt Disappointment in central Victoria, south-eastern Australia). Within each site, DNA samples were collected from individuals from different trapping grids (four grids in Mt Donna Buang, collected over two years, and seven grids at Mt Disappointment, collected over one year). To assess levels of genetic structuring among the populations, Fst values (the proportion of genetic variance among populations) were calculated for each site and sex separately, and a test for isolation by distance was performed. Overall, Fst values were low, and did not increase with distance, and this may be the result of high levels of gene flow for both sexes at both sites, at least on the scale of less than 10 km. To investigate microsatellite patterns at a finer scale, we calculated pair-wise relatedness values separately for sites, years and sexes. By comparing these values for animals within and between grids, evidence was found for male-biased dispersal. A genetic assignment test provided further evidence for this: males were more likely to be assigned to grids other than their capture site. Most females had high assignment values for their capture site, although some of the females may have been immigrants. This result could be due to inaccuracies in the assignment test, or due to a higher frequency of dispersal of females than previously thought. The sex-biased dispersal was less pronounced at Mt Disappointment than at Mt Donna Buang. This may be related to the level of disturbance: logging patches, roads and fire-breaks (grass strips) disrupt the forest at Mt Disappointment more than at Mt Donna Buang.

Y chromosome analysis for common surnames in the Japanese male population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Ochiai ◽  
Motoki Osawa ◽  
Shiori Satoh ◽  
Tomonori Tamura ◽  
Masato Nakatome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Japanese Male

scholarly journals The role of matrilineality in shaping patterns of Y chromosome and mtDNA sequence variation in southwestern Angola

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Oliveira ◽  
Alexander Hübner ◽  
Anne-Maria Fehn ◽  
Teresa Aço ◽  
Fernanda Lages ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Population History ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Bantu Languages ◽  
Mtdna Sequence ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Group Variation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Previous Demonstration

AbstractSouthwestern Angola is a region characterized by contact between indigenous foragers and incoming food-producers, involving genetic and cultural exchanges between peoples speaking Kx’a, Khoe-Kwadi and Bantu languages. Although present-day Bantu-speakers share a patrilocal residence pattern and matrilineal principle of clan and group membership, a highly stratified social setting divides dominant pastoralists from marginalized groups that subsist on alternative strategies and have previously been though to have pre-Bantu origins. Here, we compare new high-resolution sequence data from 2.3 Mb of the non-recombining Y chromosome (NRY) from 170 individuals with previously reported mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA), to investigate the population history of seven representative southwestern Angolan groups (Himba, Kuvale, Kwisi, Kwepe, Twa, Tjimba, !Xun) and to study the causes and consequences of sex-biased processes in their genetic variation. We found no clear link between the formerly Kwadi-speaking Kwepe and pre-Bantu eastern African migrants, and no pre-Bantu NRY lineages among Bantu-speaking groups, except for small amounts of “Khoisan” introgression. We therefore propose that irrespective of their subsistence strategies, all Bantu-speaking groups of the area share a male Bantu origin. Additionally, we show that in Bantu-speaking groups, the levels of among-group and between-group variation are higher for mtDNA than for NRY. These results, together with our previous demonstration that the matriclanic systems of southwestern Angolan Bantu groups are genealogically consistent, suggest that matrilineality strongly enhances both female population sizes and interpopulation mtDNA variation.

An extension to the known range of the eastern grey kangaroo Macropus giganteus on Cape York Peninsula.

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
EG Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Cape York ◽  
Open Forests ◽  
Semi Arid

THE eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) is one of Australia?s widest-ranging large macropodids, occurring in open forests, woodlands, subalpine woodland, farmland, and semi-arid regions throughout most of eastern Australia (Menkhorst and Knight 2001). However current general accounts (e.g., Poole 1995, Menkhorst and Knight 2001) regard M. giganteus as being absent from the northern Cape York Peninsula.

Identification of sex in hop (Humulus lupulus) using molecular markers

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Polley ◽  
Martin W. Ganal ◽  
Elisabeth Seigner
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Male Specific

The rapid identification of sex in the dioecious hop (Humulus lupulus) is important for the breeding of this cultivated plant because only unfertilized flowers of the female plants are used as an ingredient in the production of beer. It is thought that a sex-chromosome mechanism controls the development of male or female plants. We have compared pools of male and female plants derived from a hop cross to identify molecular markers associated with the Y or male-specific chromosome. Of 900 functional RAPD primers, 32 revealed fragments specific for male plants that were absent in female plants of this cross. Subsequently, the 32 positive primers were tested on unrelated male and female plants. Three of these 32 primers were specific for the Y chromosome in all lines. The Y-specific product derived from one of these primers (OPJ9) was of low copy in hybridization experiments and predominantly present in male plants. Primers developed from the DNA sequence of this product provide a marker for rapid sex identification in crosses of hop by means of PCR.Key words: chromosomes, RAPD, sex-specific DNA sequences, plant breeding, Y chromosome.

scholarly journals Male-specific risk of first and recurrent venous thrombosis: a phylogenetic analysis of the Y chromosome

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1971-1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. de Haan ◽  
A. van Hylckama Vlieg ◽  
K. J. van der Gaag ◽  
P. de Knijff ◽  
F. R. Rosendaal
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Specific Risk ◽  
Recurrent Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Male Specific

Precision, accuracy and bias of walked line-transect distance sampling to estimate eastern grey kangaroo population size

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Glass ◽  
David M. Forsyth ◽  
Graeme Coulson ◽  
Marco Festa-Bianchet
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Abundance Estimates ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Free Ranging

Context Distance sampling is widely used to estimate the size of wildlife populations, including kangaroos. However, the performance of distance-sampling abundance estimates has seldom been evaluated for wild mammal populations of known size. Aims We evaluated the precision, accuracy, bias and interval coverage of abundance estimates from walked line-transect sampling, a commonly used distance-sampling method, for a marked free-ranging population of eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) at Yanakie Isthmus, Wilsons Promontory National Park, south-eastern Australia. Methods In each of two study periods (November 2012 and May 2013) we first determined the true size of the uniquely marked kangaroo population by conducting 10 intensive searches of the study area. We then conducted distance sampling along six systematically spaced line transects. We walked each transect four times in November 2012 and seven times in May 2013. Data were analysed using Program DISTANCE. Key results Our intensive searches revealed that 141 and 124 collared kangaroos were present in the study area in November 2012 and May 2013, respectively. When transects were walked four or more times (i.e. ≥400 observations), maximum precision (coefficient of variation; CV of ~13%) was achieved in both survey periods. Walking transects twice (i.e. ~200 observations) produced abundance estimates with CVs of <20% in each study period. The accuracy (root mean square error) of abundance estimates varied from 1 to 13 (November 2012) and from 3 to 28 (May 2013). Bias ranged from −9% to +23%, but stabilised at between −1% and −9% when transects were walked four or more times in each study period. The 95% confidence intervals for the abundance estimates always included the true population size. Conclusions Our results indicated that walked line-transect distance sampling is a precise and accurate method for estimating eastern grey kangaroo abundance. The small negative biases that occurred when sample sizes were large were likely to be due to some animals moving outside the study area. Implications Provided that the key design elements and assumptions are met, estimates of kangaroo abundance from walked line-transect distance sampling should have good precision (CV < 20%) and minimal (<10%) bias.

The mitochondrial DNA haplotypes of snails of the estuarine hydrobiid genus Tatea cross species and biogeographic boundaries

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 861 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Colgan ◽  
P. da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Mitochondrial 12S Rrna ◽  
Marine Littoral

Investigations of estuarine taxa can provide a perspective on phylogeography that complements studies of marine littoral organisms. For example, reductions in gene flow between populations and increased genetic structuring would be expected in estuarine species. The substantial amount of information about marine species and the habitat diversity along long latitudinal spans makes south-eastern Australia an excellent potential location for comparing marine and estuarine taxa. To investigate this potential, we studied the phylogeography of the two species in the estuarine gastropod genus Tatea. These have extensive and broadly overlapping distributions that encompass known marine phylogeographic boundaries. Against expectation, both Tatea species showed a remarkable lack of geographic and inter-specific variability in mitochondrial 12S rRNA (107 specimens) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (39) DNA sequences. No major phylogeographic discontinuities were revealed in either species and there was minimal haplotype divergence between them for either 12S rRNA or COI. The patterns of mitochondrial DNA variation discovered in Tatea may be due to a recent selective sweep or range expansion from a population in which there was little variability. Both possibilities are complicated by having to explain the similarity of the patterns in the two species.

Tracing back ancient south Siberian population history using mitochondrial and Y-chromosome SNPs

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Keyser ◽  
Sarah Romac ◽  
Caroline Bouakaze ◽  
Sylvain Amory ◽  
Eric Crubézy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Population History ◽  
Siberian Population

Chromosomal location and gene paucity of the male specific region on papaya Y chromosome

2007 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyi Yu ◽  
Shaobin Hou ◽  
Roman Hobza ◽  
F. Alex Feltus ◽  
Xiue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Male Specific
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