Acute temperature quotient responses of fishes reflect their divergent thermal habitats in the Banda Sea, Sulawesi, Indonesia

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Eme ◽  
Wayne A. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Patch Reef ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Thermal Habitat ◽  
Thermal Range ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Dascyllus Aruanus

We measured metabolic rates of six Indo-Pacific fishes from different thermal habitats at 26°C and after acute transfer to 32°C. Temperature–metabolism relationships were expressed as temperature quotients (Q10) and ranged from ~1.0 in tidepool-dwelling common (Bathygobius fuscus) and sandflat (Bathygobius sp.) gobies to 2.65 and 2.29 in reef-associated white-tailed humbug (Dascyllus aruanus) and nine-banded cardinalfish (Apogon novemfasciatus), respectively. Squaretail mullet (Liza vaigiensis) and blackspot sergeant (Abudefduf sordidus) displayed Q10 responses of 2.03 and 1.26, respectively. Bathygobiids and blackspot sergeant inhabit mangrove tidepools during daytime low tides and experience temperature fluctuations approximately twice (12°C) the maximum experienced by inhabitants of patch reef or seagrass and squaretail mullet (1–6°C), a mangrove transient that avoids shallow, insolated daytime low tides. The low Q10 responses of the bathygobiids and blackspot sergeant suggest that their metabolic rates are relatively temperature-insensitive over the thermal range tested. Our data support the hypothesis that fish metabolic responses are tailored to specific thermal habitat conditions.

scholarly journals Inter-population differences in salinity tolerance of adult wild Sacramento splittail: osmoregulatory and metabolic responses to salinity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine E Verhille ◽  
Theresa F Dabruzzi ◽  
Dennis E Cocherell ◽  
Brian Mahardja ◽  
Fred Feyrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Spawning Habitat ◽  
Osmoregulatory Capacity ◽  
Sacramento Splittail

Abstract The Sacramento splittail (Pogonichthys macrolepidotus) is composed of two genetically distinct populations endemic to the San Francisco Estuary (SFE). The allopatric upstream spawning habitat of the Central Valley (CV) population connects with the sympatric rearing grounds via relatively low salinity waters, whereas the San Pablo (SP) population must pass through the relatively high-salinity Upper SFE to reach its allopatric downstream spawning habitat. We hypothesize that if migration through SFE salinities to SP spawning grounds is more challenging for adult CV than SP splittail, then salinity tolerance, osmoregulatory capacity, and metabolic responses to salinity will differ between populations. Osmoregulatory disturbances, assessed by measuring plasma osmolality and ions, muscle moisture and Na+-K+-ATPase activity after 168 to 336 h at 11‰ salinity, showed evidence for a more robust osmoregulatory capacity in adult SP relative to CV splittail. While both resting and maximum metabolic rates were elevated in SP splittail in response to increased salinity, CV splittail metabolic rates were unaffected by salinity. Further, the calculated difference between resting and maximum metabolic values, aerobic scope, did not differ significantly between populations. Therefore, improved osmoregulation came at a metabolic cost for SP splittail but was not associated with negative impacts on scope for aerobic metabolism. These results suggest that SP splittail may be physiologically adjusted to allow for migration through higher-salinity waters. The trends in interpopulation variation in osmoregulatory and metabolic responses to salinity exposures support our hypothesis of greater salinity-related challenges to adult CV than SP splittail migration and are consistent with our previous findings for juvenile splittail populations, further supporting our recommendation of population-specific management.

scholarly journals Metabolic Responses of Chick Embryos to Short-Term Temperature Fluctuations

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1081-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lourens ◽  
H. van den Brand ◽  
M.J. Heetkamp ◽  
R. Meijerhof ◽  
B Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Decline in Thermal Habitat Conditions for the Endangered Delta Smelt as Seen from Landsat Satellites (1985–2019)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory H. Halverson ◽  
Christine M. Lee ◽  
Erin L. Hestir ◽  
Glynn C. Hulley ◽  
Kerry Cawse-Nicholson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Delta Smelt ◽  
Thermal Habitat

Holding our breath in our modern world: will mitochondria keep the pace with climate changes?

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 591-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre U. Blier ◽  
Hélène Lemieux ◽  
Nicolas Pichaud
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Thermal Habitat ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Thermal Range ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
The Impact

Changes in environmental temperature can pose considerable challenges to animals and shifts in thermal habitat have been shown to be a major force driving species’ adaptation. These adaptations have been the focus of major research efforts to determine the physiological or metabolic constraints related to temperature and to reveal the phenotypic characters that can or should adjust. Considering the current consensus on climate change, the focus of research will likely shift to questioning whether ectothermic organisms will be able to survive future modifications of their thermal niches. Organisms can adjust to temperature changes through physiological plasticity (e.g., acclimation), genetic adaptation, or via dispersal to more suitable thermal habitats. Thus, it is important to understand what genetic and phenotypic attributes—at the individual, population, and species levels—could improve survival success. These issues are particularly important for ectotherms, which are in thermal equilibrium with the surrounding environment. To start addressing these queries, we should consider what physiological or metabolic functions are responsible for the impact of temperature on organisms. Some recent developments indicate that mitochondria are key metabolic structures determining the thermal range that an organism can tolerate. The catalytic capacity of mitochondria is highly sensitive to thermal variation and therefore should partly dictate the temperature dependence of biological functions. Mitochondria contain a complex network of different enzymatic reaction pathways that interact synergistically. The precise regulation of both adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production depends on the integration of different enzymes and pathways. Here, we examine the temperature dependence of different parts of mitochondrial pathways and evaluate the evolutionary challenges that need to be overcome to ensure mitochondrial adaptations to new thermal environments.

scholarly journals Short-term captivity influences maximal cold-induced metabolic rates and their repeatability in summer-acclimatized American goldfinches Spinus tristis

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Swanson ◽  
Marisa O. King
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Phenotypic Flexibility ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fitness Consequences ◽  
Metabolic Variation

Abstract Studies of metabolic variation in birds have involved both wild and captive individuals, but few studies have investigated whether captivity directly influences metabolic rates, despite such variation potentially confounding conclusions regarding how metabolic rates respond to the conditions under study. In addition, whether short-term captivity influences metabolic rate repeatability in birds is currently uninvestigated. In this study, we measured Msum (maximal cold-induced metabolic rates) in summer acclimatized American goldfinches Spinus tristis directly after capture from wild populations, after approximately 2 weeks of indoor captivity (Captive 1), and again after an additional 1–2 weeks of captivity (Captive 2). Msum increased significantly (16.9%) following the initial captive period, but remained stable thereafter. Body mass (Mb) also increased significantly (9.2%) during the initial captive period but remained stable thereafter, suggesting that muscle growth and/or remodeling of body composition produced the observed metabolic variation. Mb and Msum were not significantly repeatable between wild and Captive 1 birds, but were significantly repeatable between Captive 1 and Captive 2 groups. These data suggest that caution must be exercised when extrapolating metabolic rates from short-term captive to wild populations. In addition, Msum was a repeatable trait for birds under conditions where mean metabolic rates remained stable, but Msum repeatability disappeared during acclimation to conditions promoting phenotypically flexible metabolic responses. This suggests that the capacity for phenotypic flexibility varies among individuals, and such variation could have fitness consequences.

Thermal and metabolic responses of men in the Antarctic to a standard cold stress

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick A. Milan ◽  
Robert W. Elsner ◽  
Kaare Rodahl
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Average Skin ◽  
Male Subjects

Thermal and metabolic responses of eight male subjects exposed nude for 2 hr to a standard cold stress (17 α 1.0 C air temperature) were examined in the austral fall, winter, and spring at Little America in the Antarctic. Mean body, average skin and foot temperatures increased significantly after 3 months. Neither rectal nor finger temperatures were changed over the year. Although basal metabolic rates were unchanged, there was a significant decrease in the metabolic responses to the standard cold stress after 3 months in the Antarctic. It is suggested that these changes represent physiological adaptations to chronic cold. Submitted on November 14, 1960

scholarly journals Does foraging mode affect metabolic responses to feeding? A study of pygopodid lizards

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 618-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wall ◽  
Michael B. Thompson ◽  
Richard Shine
Keyword(s):  
Specific Dynamic Action ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Energetic Costs ◽  
Foraging Mode ◽  
Organismal Biology ◽  
Lower Standard ◽  
The Common ◽  
Active Forager ◽  
Ambush Foraging

Abstract Foraging mode (ambush vs. active) profoundly affects many aspects of organismal biology, including metabolic rates and their relationship with food intake. Previous studies on snakes suggest that ambushers tend to have lower standard metabolic rates (SMR) and higher energetic costs of digestion and assimilation of prey (specific dynamic action, or SDA) than do active foragers. However, phylogenetic considerations may be at least partly responsible for such patterns, as foraging mode is strongly conserved evolutionarily and most SDA studies have focused on species from only two lineages of ambush foragers (pythonid and viperid snakes) and one lineage of active foragers (colubrid snakes). We sought to deconfound the effects of phylogeny and foraging mode, investigating SMR and SDA in two closely related pygopodid lizards, the common scaly-foot Pygopus lepidopodus (active forager) and Burton’s legless lizard Lialis burtonis (ambush forager). Consistent with the pattern seen in snakes, L. burtonis exhibits a significantly lower SMR and a higher SDA than does P. lepidopodus. The magnitude of SDA in L. burtonis is comparable to that of some pythons and vipers, providing yet more evidence for the remarkable convergence between this species and ambush-foraging snakes.

Similar effects of NPY on energy metabolism and on plasma insulin in adrenalectomized ob/ob and lean mice

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (2) ◽  
pp. E226-E230 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Walker ◽  
D. R. Romsos
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Action Mechanisms ◽  
Brown Adipose

A single intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of dexamethasone (250 ng) lowers brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and whole body metabolic rates and raises plasma insulin concentrations within 30 min in adrenalectomized ob/ob mice with minimal effects in adrenalectomized lean mice. The present study was conducted to determine if intracerebroventricular neuropeptide Y (NPY), a neuropeptide regulated in part by glucocorticoids, would mimic effects of dexamethasone in these mice. NPY lowered BAT metabolism and whole body oxygen consumption and raised plasma insulin concentrations within 30 min in adrenalectomized ob/ob mice similarly to dexamethasone; but, unlike dexamethasone, NPY was as effective in modulating these metabolic responses in adrenalectomized lean mice as in ob/ob mice. Further, intracerebroventricular NPY increased food intake equally in both ob/ob and lean mice, whereas dexamethasone did not alter food intake during the 30 min postinjection period. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that NPY mediates some of the effects of intracerebroventricular dexamethasone action in ob/ob mice and that the divergence between ob/ob and lean mice lies in glucocorticoid control of NPY release/synthesis rather than in NPY action mechanisms.

scholarly journals Environmental Flows as a Proactive Tool to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Warming on Freshwater Macroinvertebrates

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 2586
Author(s):  
Christos Theodoropoulos ◽  
Ioannis Karaouzas ◽  
Anastasios Stamou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Thermal Habitat ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Assemblages ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
The Impact

What would happen in Mediterranean rivers and streams if warming but not drying occurred? We examined whether the delivery of environmental flows within a warming climate can maintain suitable macroinvertebrate habitats despite warming. A two-dimensional ecohydraulic model was used to (1) simulate the influence of water temperature and flow on macroinvertebrates by calculating habitat suitability for 12 climate change scenarios and (2) identify the mechanism by which macroinvertebrate assemblages respond to warming. The results suggest that not all watersheds will be equally influenced by warming. The impact of warming depends on the habitat conditions before warming occurs. Watersheds can, thus, be categorized as losing (those in which warming will degrade current optimal thermal habitat conditions) and winning ones (those in which warming will optimize current sub-optimal thermal habitat conditions, until a given thermal limit). Our models indicate that in losing watersheds, the delivery of environmental flows can maintain suitable habitats (and, thus, healthy macroinvertebrate assemblages) for up to 1.8–2.5 °C of warming. In winning watersheds, environmental flows can maintain suitable habitats when thermal conditions are optimal. Environmental flows could, thus, be used as a proactive strategy/tool to mitigate the ecological impacts of warming before more expensive reactive measures within a changing climate become necessary.

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