Comparison of the Diet of Feral Cats From Rural and Pastoral Western Australia.

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
GR Martin ◽  
LE Twigg ◽  
DJ Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Food Category ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Dietary Breadth ◽  
Index Of Relative Importance ◽  
Future Management

The stomach contents of 93 cats from rural and pastoral Western Australia were compared using the number and biomass of food items, and by calculating an Index of Relative Importance for each food category. Species of small native mammals (e.g. dasyurids, rodents) and geckos were significantly (P < 0.03) more prevalent in the diet of pastoral cats, and rural cats consumed greater (P < 0.03) quantities of introduced rodents and rabbits. Several other groups of native animals (e.g. snakes, skinks, agamids) were also more prevalent in the stomachs of pastoral cats (P < 0.10). Birds and orthopterans were important food items to cats from both habitats. There was reasonable dietary overlap (mean = 0.71) between the cats from both habitats, but the dietary breadth of the pastoral cats (mean = 0.44) was two-fold greater than that of the rural cats (mean = 0.21). These findings are compared with previous studies, and are discussed with respect to possible implications for future management strategies for feral cats.

scholarly journals Dietary assessment of five species of anuran tadpoles from northern Odisha, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 12382-12388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Asrafuzzaman ◽  
Susmita Mahapatra ◽  
Jasmin Rout ◽  
Gunanidhi Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Food Spectrum ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Study Sites

Anuran tadpoles are gregarious predators capable of differentiating food items among diverse types of prey via varied feeding and oral structures.  Tadpoles were collected from different study sites in three districts of northern Odisha during three consecutive rainy seasons (from July–October of 2015–2017).  After morphometric measurements (total length and body length), the stomach contents of 75 tadpoles belonging to five different anuran species (Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis, Fejervarya orissaensis, Polypedates maculatus and Microhyla ornata) belonging to four families namely Bufonidae, Dicroglossidae, Rhacophoridae and Microhylidae were examined.  The food spectrum of tadpoles included mostly detritus, followed by phytoplankton (represented by 5 classes and 54 genera).  Such studies contribute to the understanding of the natural diets of these anuran species that can assist in developing management strategies for them.  Aquatic habitats must be conserved and maintained so that conservation of anurans can be ensured.

scholarly journals Natural diet and feeding habits of a freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium carcinus: Crustacea, Decapoda) in the estuary of the Amazon River

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jô de Farias Lima ◽  
Jamile da Silva Garcia ◽  
Thibério Carvalho da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Natural Diet ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Stomach Analysis

Macrobrachium carcinus is a Brazilian native prawn with recognized potential for use in aquaculture activities. However, there is little information about the natural diet and feeding habits of this species. The aim of this study was the identification of the diet items of M. carcinus based on the analysis of the stomach contents. Specimens were collected in the Amazon River estuary between January 2009 and January 2010. The stomach analysis was carried out by using the frequency of occurrence (FO), methods of points (MP) and feeding index (FI). It was observed that prawns fed on detritus, animals and plant fragments as the most important food items. Sediment accounted for the main stomach content, accounting for 43.2% by the MP, 44.9% by FI and 100% by the FO. Sexual differences in feeding preferences were not found in this study, and seasonal differences in the frequency of items ingested by M. carcinus were not observed. The results indicated that M. carcinus can be considered omnivorous species, but with an important carnivorous component, similar to that found in other Macrobrachium species.

scholarly journals Diet of the freshwater stingray Potamotrygon motoro (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) on Marajó Island (Pará, Brazil)

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
MP. Almeida ◽  
PMO. Lins ◽  
P. Charvet-Almeida ◽  
RB. Barthem
Keyword(s):  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Freshwater Stingray ◽  
Marajó Island ◽  
Index Of Relative Importance

The stomach contents of 137 examples of Potamotrygon motoro caught in 3 locations (Muaná, Afuá and Lake Arari) on Marajó Island were analysed. The values of the Index of Relative Importance (IRI) and its respective percentage (%IRI) were calculated. The level of repletion 1 (¼ full) was the most representative for both sexes, as well as for immature and mature specimens. Most of the food items found were well-digested. The food items identification indicated the presence of 15 orders, including insects, mollusks, crustaceans, annelids and fish. Differences in diet were observed among the locations studied when comparing %IRI, crustaceans being the most preferred in Afuá, fish in Lake Arari and mollusks in Muaná.

Diets of commercially exploited fish from Bass Strait and adjacent Victorian Waters, south-eastern Australia

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Coleman ◽  
M Mobley
Keyword(s):  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Food Items ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Major Food ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Index Of Relative Importance ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Stomach contents were analysed to investigate the diets of 52 commercial species of fish. Fish were collected from Bass Strait and adjacent Victorian waters, south-eastern Australia; samples effectively covered the whole of the Victorian coast. Particular emphasis was placed on estimating the importance of arrow squid, Nototodarus gouldri in the diets of the species investigated. For most of the species investigated, the major food items (expressed as the proportion of stomach contents by number, weight and volume or through the calculation of the Index of Relative Importance) were fish or crustaceans. Cephalopods were found in the diets of 21 species but provided a major proportion of the stomach contents in only six species. Arrow squid did not appear to be a major item in the diets of any of the species investigated. For those species that eat large amounts of cephalopods, it appears to be octopus, rather than squid, that is of most significance in the diet.

Diet of Hydromedusa tectifera (Testudines-Chelidae) in a mountain stream of Córdoba province, Argentina

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Lescano ◽  
Marcelo Bonino ◽  
Gerardo Leynaud ◽  
José Haro
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Mountain Streams ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Index Of Relative Importance ◽  
Morisita Index

AbstractThe diet of Hydromedusa tectifera occurring in two mountain streams in the province of Córdoba is described through a comparative analysis of 154 individuals. Turtles were manually captured between August 2005 and August 2006 from streams at the localities of Tanti and Flor Serrana. Before being released, turtles were stomach-flushed, and sex and carapace length were recorded. The stomach contents were observed under stereomicroscope; prey items were identified and classified according to size and volume. The importance of the different items was quantified using the Index of Relative Importance (IRI). Similarity in the diet between sexes and among size classes and seasons of an annual cycle was evaluated using the simplified Morisita index. Trophic breadth was estimated with the Shannon diversity index. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate differences in the diet between categories (sex, size classes). Forty-seven food items belonging to the following taxa were identified: leeches, annelids, gastropods, arachnids, insects, and fishes. According to the IRI value, the most important items in the diet of H. tectifera were larvae of Trichoptera (IRI = 33.5), fishes (IRI = 30), and naiads of Odonata (IRI = 25.2). The relative importance of the items varied with size of turtles but not with sex. Size of prey consumed increased with increasing turtle size. A greater trophic breadth was observed in smaller individuals.

Differences in microhabitat selection patterns between a remnant and constructed landscape following management intervention

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose W. Valdez ◽  
Kaya Klop-Toker ◽  
Michelle P. Stockwell ◽  
Loren Fardell ◽  
Simon Clulow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Microhabitat Selection ◽  
Habitat Creation ◽  
Litoria Aurea ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Detection Probabilities ◽  
Future Management

Context Achieving successful conservation outcomes in habitat creation and reintroductions requires an understanding of how species use their habitat and respond to these interventions. However, few initiatives directly compare microhabitat selection between remnant and managed habitats to measure effectiveness and evaluate outcomes. Probability of detection is also rarely included in studies on microhabitat use, which may lead to erroneous conclusions if detectability varies between variables. Methods In this study, we used the endangered green and golden bell frog (Litoria aurea) to compare differences in microhabitat-use patterns in both a remnant and a constructed habitat. A detectability study was also conducted to determine detection probabilities among microhabitats. Key results Aquatic vegetation was used more than expected in both the remnant and constructed habitats, and rock piles were utilised less than expected in the constructed habitat, despite their recommendation in most habitat templates. We found that detection probabilities altered the outcomes of abundance estimates for nearly all the measured microhabitat variables. Conclusions Future management for this species should focus on providing high proportions of aquatic vegetation. Furthermore, although rock piles have been utilised greatly in past L. aurea habitat creation, placing large rocks on a managed site is expensive and time consuming. Future management initiatives may need to focus on providing smaller proportion of rocks, which would be a more appropriate use of resources. Implications With conservation management projects increasing over the next few decades, understanding habitat use before implementing strategies should be a priority as it will provide important insights and inform decision-making for optimum habitat creation and restoration. Furthermore, accounting for detectability in microhabitat use studies is essential to avoid wrong conclusions that may negatively affect the success of ecological management strategies.

The diet of red foxes, Vulpes vulpes L., in Victoria

1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Coman
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Main Food ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Over Time

Stomach contents were examined for 1229 foxes collected in Victoria during 1968-70. Of these, 967 stomachs contained measurable quantities of food. The fox appears to have a very wide dietary range but is predominantly carnivorous. The main food items encountered were rabbits, sheep carrion, and mice. Lesser amounts of native mammals, birds, cold-blooded vertebrates, invertebrates, and plant material were encountered. For many foods, particularly insects, the intake was markedly seasonal. Regional differences in diet were also apparent. Much of the variation in intake of particular foods over time and between regions was explicable in terms of changing availabilities of these foods.

Sixty Percent of Foods Advertised in Grocery Store Flyers are Not In-line with Canada’s Food Guide

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Natalie A. Laframboise ◽  
Jamie A. Seabrook ◽  
June I. Matthews ◽  
Paula D. N. Dworatzek
Keyword(s):  
Food Environment ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Food Category ◽  
Food Items

Purpose: To evaluate foods advertised in discount and premium grocery flyers for their alignment with Canada’s 2007 Food Guide (CFG) and assess if alignment differed by food category, season, page location, and price. Methods: Weekly flyers (n = 192) were collected from discount and premium grocery chains from each of 4 seasons. Health Canada’s Surveillance Tool was used to assess food items as in-line or not in-line with CFG. Results: Of 35 576 food items, 39.7% were in-line with CFG. There were no differences in proportions of foods not in-line in discount versus premium flyers (60.9% and 60.0%, respectively). Other Foods and Meat & Alternatives were advertised most (28.0% and 26.3%, respectively; P < 0.001). Milk & Alternatives were the least advertised food group (10.3%). Vegetables & Fruit (19.6%), Grains (21.6%), Milk & Alternatives (20.6%), and Meat & Alternatives (20.2%) were promoted least in Fall (P < 0.001). A higher proportion of foods advertised on middle pages were not in-line (61.0%) compared with front (56.6%) and back (58.8%) pages (P < 0.001). Not in-line foods were more expensive ($3.49, IQR = $2.82) than in-line foods ($3.28, IQR = $2.81; P < 0.001). Conclusions: While there was no difference in healthfulness of foods advertised in discount versus premium flyers, grocers advertised more foods not in-line with CFG. Government policies to improve the food environment should consider grocery flyers.

Biogenic Amines in Portuguese Traditional Foods and Wines

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2293-2303 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISABEL M. P. L. V. O. FERREIRA ◽  
OLÍVIA PINHO
Keyword(s):  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Detector ◽  
And Storage

The presence of biogenic amines in foodstuffs is an important food safety problem because of the implication of these compounds in food intolerance and intoxication. The separation and quantification of biogenic amines in foods is normally performed by chromatographic techniques. This review contains descriptions of the quantification of biogenic amines in Portuguese traditional fermented and/or ripened foods and wines, including Protected Denomination of Origin cheeses, dry-cured sausages, and Portuguese wines (including Port wines), using different analytical methods based on high-pressure liquid chromatography (UV or diode array and/or fluorometric detectors) and gas chromatography (with a mass spectrometry detector). The evolution of biogenic amines during fermentation, ripening, aging, or storage of those products was also evaluated. Biogenic amine concentrations ranged widely within individual food items, and storage, transport, and handling conditions can influence to some extent the biogenic amines present and their concentrations. Traditional foods are an important part of the Portuguese diet, and a high intake of harmful amounts of biogenic amines from traditional Portuguese fermented foods is possible. However, extensive research is needed to extend the current limited database.

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