A study of the home ranges, movements and behaviour of the feral cat population at Avonmouth Docks

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJC Page ◽  
J Ross ◽  
DH Bennet
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Feral Cat ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Emergency Measures

The feral cat population at a 178-ha dockland site was studied for 18 months by direct observation assisted by radio-tracking. Although food appeared to be abundant and widely distributed, the population density was low (10-15 adults km-2). There were few females in the population (7 of 22 cats of known sex) and little breeding success: only one weaned litter was seen during the entire study. Home range sizes were similar for males and females, and were much smaller (15 +/- 17 ha and 10+/-7 ha, respectively) than would be expected from the low density. The cats were mostly solitary rather than group-living, with little contact or social interaction. The implications of the findings for feral cat control are discussed, with particular emphasis on emergency measures for rabies outbreaks.

Effects of population density on female and male burrow characteristics in the fiddler crab, Uca bengali Crane, 1975

Crustaceana ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (12-14) ◽  
pp. 1283-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmida Wazed Tina ◽  
Mullica Jaroensutasinee ◽  
Krisanadej Jaroensutasinee
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Fiddler Crab ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Density Effects ◽  
Egg Incubation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Males And Females

We examined the effects of population density on body size and burrow characteristics ofUca bengaliCrane, 1975. We predicted that (1) males in high-density areas (HD) should be larger in size and build higher quality burrows than males in low-density areas (LD), and (2) HD females should be larger in size, but build lower quality burrows than LD females, as HD females can find higher numbers of good quality male burrows around them for breeding and egg incubation. Our results showed that males and females in HD were larger in size than those in LD. Since HD males were larger in size, they built higher quality burrows than males in LD. On the other hand, even though LD females were smaller in size than HD ones, they built higher quality burrows than HD females. Our results thus indicate that density effects both body size and burrow characteristics.

Home ranges, time budgets and food-tree use in a high-density tropical population of greater gliders, Petauroides volans minor (Pseudocheiridae : Marsupialia)

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
SS Comport ◽  
SJ Ward ◽  
WJ Foley
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Kernel Method ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
High Population ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Time Budgets ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Males And Females

The socio-ecology of Petauroides volans has been studied for subtropical and temperate populations, but not for the northern tropical subspecies, Petauroides volans minor. Data on the effects of a high population density on home ranges, time budgets and food-tree use were obtained by means of radio-telemetry. Three techniques were used to estimate home-range area (kernel, MCP and harmonic mean) and the kernel method was preferred. Estimates of home-range area (defined by the 95% kernel) gave mean values of 2.5 and 1.3 ha for males and females, respectively. Broad overlap of home ranges of males was observed, which has not been reported previously for populations of P. volans. Behaviour patterns for males and females were similar to those in previous studies, although the mating system may differ, possibly because of the high population density. Dietary patterns were similar to those previously reported for this species, the most important food items being young leaves and flower buds of particular eucalypt species, notably Eucalyptus acmenoides.

Reintroduction of the greater bilby, Macrotis lagotis (Reid) (Marsupialia : Thylacomyidae), to northern South Australia: survival, ecology and notes on reintroduction protocols

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Moseby ◽  
E. O'Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Site Fidelity ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Significant Preference ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Food Reserves

Nine bilbies were reintroduced to a 14-km2 reserve free of rabbits, cats and foxes in South Australia in April 2000. The survival, growth and ecology of the population were studied for 17 months after release by means of radio-tracking and trapping. Reproduction was continuous over the study period, with juveniles successfully recruited into the population. Home-range size of female bilbies averaged 0.18 km2 and was significantly smaller than home ranges of males, which averaged 3.16 km2. Wild-born subadults had smaller home ranges than adults. While male home ranges, and male and female home ranges overlapped considerably, females appeared to maintain areas discrete from other adult females. Bilbies showed a significant preference for dune habitat. As swale habitat appears too hard for burrow construction and males moved greater distances from diurnal burrows than females, males are likely to access food reserves that are under-used by females. Both males and females reused at least 30% of their burrows, and females displayed long-term site fidelity. The release was considered successful and suggests that despite historical damage from rabbits and stock, bilbies are able to successfully recolonise parts of their former range in arid South Australia once rabbits, cats and foxes are removed.

Density and home range of feral cats in north-western Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh W. McGregor ◽  
Sarah Legge ◽  
Joanne Potts ◽  
Menna E. Jones ◽  
Christopher N. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
North Western

Context Feral cats (Felis catus) pose a significant threat to biodiversity in Australia, and are implicated in current declines of small mammals in the savannas of northern Australia. Basic information on population density and ranging behaviour is essential to understand and manage threats from feral cats. Aims In this study, we provide robust estimates of density and home range of feral cats in the central Kimberley region of north-western Australia, and we test whether population density is affected by livestock grazing, small mammal abundance and other environmental factors. Methods Densities were measured at six transects sampled between 2011 and 2013 using arrays of infrared cameras. Cats were individually identified, and densities estimated using spatially explicit capture–recapture analysis. Home range was measured from GPS tracking of 32 cats. Key results Densities were similar across all transects and deployments, with a mean of 0.18 cats km–2 (range = 0.09–0.34 km–2). We found no evidence that population density was related to livestock grazing or abundance of small mammals. Home ranges of males were, on average, 855 ha (±156 ha (95% CI), n = 25), and those of females were half the size at 397 ha (±275 ha (95% CI), n = 7). There was little overlap in ranges of cats of the same sex. Conclusions Compared with elsewhere in Australia outside of semiarid regions, feral cats occur at low density and have large home ranges in the central Kimberley. However, other evidence shows that despite this low density, cats are contributing to declines of small mammal populations across northern Australia. Implications It will be very difficult to reduce these already-sparse populations by direct control. Instead, land-management practices that reduce the impacts of cats on prey should be investigated.

Effect of conspecifics on winter movements and dispersion in an overwintering bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) population

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fredric Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Bank Vole ◽  
Reproductive Season ◽  
Clethrionomys Glareolus ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Early Access ◽  
Males And Females

Patterns of movements and dispersion were studied in a population of the bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus, during two winters near Uppsala, Sweden. Forty-one percent of the individuals studied were involved in multiple captures. However, multiple captures accounted for only 2% of all captures. Males and females were most often caught together in multiple captures. An overlap in home range was more pronounced in females than in males during winter. The reverse was observed during the reproductive season. An increase in mean distance, calculated for neighbours within 40 m of the center of activity, was observed among persistent females from October to May. Statistically significant differences were obtained when mean distances were compared between females still present in the trapping area in May who then produced young and females trapped up to April but not thereafter. Thus, early access to optimally spaced, high quality home ranges may be important for reproductive success in spring. Extensive overlapping of female home ranges in winter at low population density may be a consequence of habitat conditions.

Potential for social interaction in a natural population of prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty McGuire ◽  
Theresa Pizzuto ◽  
Lowell L. Getz
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Microtus Ochrogaster ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Prairie Voles ◽  
Resident Group

Many hypotheses on the role of social behavior in population regulation of microtine rodents assume that social interactions are more frequent at high density than at low density. We evaluated this assumption by measuring potential for social contact in a population of prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). Our livetrapping regime monitored presence of resident and nonresident animals at the periphery of home ranges of social groups. Resident adults and young of both sexes were captured at home range boundaries. Potential for social interaction with nonresidents was greater at the periphery of home ranges than at nests. Intruders tended to be male adults from neighboring social groups. Presence of adult males in the resident group played an important role in deterring visits by nonresident males. During the spring, summer, and autumn reproductive period, number of captures of nonresident males, but not females, showed a strong positive relationship with population density. Despite relatively high densities during the winter nonreproductive period, there were few captures of residents and nonresidents at the periphery of home ranges. We conclude that the relationship between potential for social interaction and population density varied as a function of sex and season.

Spatial and activity patterns of black rat snakes (Elaphe obsoleta) from radiotelemetry and recapture data

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Weatherhead ◽  
Drew J. Hoysak
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Elaphe Obsoleta ◽  
Black Rat ◽  
Black Rat Snakes ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Male Activity

We used 323 capture records collected from 1981 to 1987 and intensive radio-tracking data from 11 individuals studied in 1982 and 1983 to determine spatial and activity patterns of black rat snakes (Elaphe obsoleta) in eastern Ontario. In general the snakes remained in their home ranges (which usually did not include the snakes' hibernating sites) until late September or early October and then moved directly to the communal hibernacula and went below ground. Emergence occurred in late April and early May and most snakes returned to their home ranges without delay. The home ranges of males averaged over three times the size of those of females. Males also moved more often and farther than females. Accurate assessment of these patterns would not have been possible without radiotelemetry. Males were captured more frequently than females during the mating season, although they were most active later in the summer. The peak in captures may be due to males spending more time in open areas (where they were most often captured) during the breeding season because doing so somehow increases their success in locating females. Activity and movement patterns follow quite different patterns in males and females. Male activity may be determined by thermoregulatory factors while females may be affected more by reproduction.

Ecology of the Feral Cat, Felis catus (L.), in Souht-Eastern Australia III.* HOme Ranges and Population Ecology in Semiarid North-West Victoria

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 409 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Jones ◽  
BJ Coman
Keyword(s):  
Population Ecology ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Feral Cat ◽  
North West ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Eastern Australia

This paper reports home range sizes and population ecology of feral cats in a 19000-ha study area situated in the Victorian Mallee. Movements of six cats were monitored by radio-tracking for 8-21 months. Adults maintained discrete home ranges; areas varied from 3.3 to 9.9 (mean 6.2) km2 for males and from 0.7 to 2.7 (mean 1 ,7) km2 for females. Rabbit warrens, hollow logs and dense thickets were favoured daytime refuges. Mean daily straight-line distances moved bet-veen daytime refuges varied from 0.06 km for a female with juveniles to 1.67 km for an adult male. Relative abundance of cats over four years showed seasonal fluctuations, with summer maxima and winter or spring minima; the calculated mean summer and winter densities were 2.4 and 0.74 cats per km2 respectively. Summer maxima were composed of adults, adolescents and juveniles; winter minima were usually composed only of adults. Mortality, presumably caused by a nutritional stress acting particularly on subadults, maintained the adult population at a relatively stable level.

The distribution of the New Holland mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) with respect to vegetation near Anglesea, Victoria

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Lock ◽  
B. A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
Understorey Vegetation ◽  
Forest Road ◽  
Vegetation Communities ◽  
Floristic Richness ◽  
Males And Females

The distribution and abundance of the New Holland mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) was assessed at Anglesea, Victoria, between February 1995 and October 1996. Twenty sites were trapped within the Forest Road Flora Reserve during April and May 1995. The twenty sites were distributed over four vegetation communities, and four successional post-fire ages. Pseudomys novaehollandiaewas found at only four sites, two located in heathy woodland vegetation, and two within a regenerating pine plantation. All four sites had a post-fire age of 7-9 years. Sites inhabited by P. novaehollandiae were found to have a high floristic richness of heath plants, and density of the understorey vegetation was greatest at a level below 20 cm. The population density of P. novaehollandiae was found to be high (10-20 ha-1 ) during early 1995 but declined after June 1995 to 3-10 ha-1 . Home ranges of males and females were similar and overlap occurred amongst individuals at the four sites, indicating that the populations on the four grids formed a single contiguous population.

scholarly journals Inequalities in life expectancy by place of residence and its changes in Lithuania during 1990-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sauliune ◽  
O Mesceriakova-Veliuliene ◽  
R Kalediene
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
National Mortality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Introduction Health inequalities have emerged as a big issue of public health in Lithuania. Recent studies have demonstrated increasing mortality differentials between different socio-demographic groups of the population. Urban/rural place of residence is related with a set of socio-economic characteristics, different access to material resources, presence or absence of social support, and attitudes to health-related behavior. The aim of the study To determine inequalities in life expectancy and its changes by place of residence (urban/rural) in Lithuania during 1990-2018. Methods Information on deaths and population numbers for the period of 1990-2018 was obtained from National Mortality Register and Population Register. Life expectancy for males and females of urban and rural populations was calculated using life tables. Changes in the magnitude of life expectancy inequalities by place of residence were assessed using rate differences (urban-rural); while trends in inequalities were estimated by conducting the Joinpoint regression analysis. Results Life expectancy among males and females was longer in urban compared to rural areas throughout the entire study period. Life expectancy increased statistically significantly for urban and rural males and females with the most notable increase for males, especially those living in rural areas (on average by 0.4% per year from 64.1 years in 1990 to 70.05 years in 2018). Inequalities in life expectancy by place of residence decreased statistically significantly among Lithuanian males from 3.48 years in 1990 to 1.39 years in 2018, while among females only the tendency of decrease was estimated. Conclusions Inequalities in life expectancy of males and females by place of residence decreased significantly in Lithuania throughout the period of 1990-2018, mainly due to positive changes in life expectancy among rural males. Key messages Inequalities in life expectancy of males and females by place of residence decreased significantly in Lithuania throughout the period of 1990-2018. Life expectancy increased for Lithuanian urban and rural males and females with the most notable increase for males, especially those living in rural areas.

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