Aspects of the Demography of the Western Grey-Kangaroo, Macropus-Fuliginosus-Melanops, in Semiarid Northwest Victoria

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
GL Norbury ◽  
GM Coulson ◽  
BL Walters
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
National Park ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
North West ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Western Grey Kangaroo

The study was carried out at Hattah-Kulkyne National Park in semiarid north-west Victoria, during 3 years immediately following a severe drought. A sample of animals which died as a result of the drought (n= 196) and a shot sample (n=546) were examined to determine patterns of breeding, mortality and age structure. Births were concentrated in spring and summer, with a peak in November. Only 46% of mature females bred during the drought, whereas 100% bred two seasons later. The sex ratio of pouch young was not significantly different from parity, but showed a slight male-bias, however, the sex ratio of the adult population was markedly female-biased (1:3). Projected population growth was not realised in the years following the drought because of high mortality. There was evidence of male-biased mortality which was apparently accentuated during the drought. This biased mortality appeared similar in all adult age classes, and may have been a consequence of the disparate energy costs imposed by sex differences in body size and in mobility.

scholarly journals Studi Kelompok Siamang (Hylobates Syndactylus) Di Repong Damar Pahmungan Pesisir Barat

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erna Maya Sari ◽  
Sugeng P. Harianto
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Hylobates Syndactylus ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Coastal District

Repong Damar in Pahmungan, West Coastal District is a buffer of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (TNBBS).  Repong Damar is one example of the success of agroforestry systems managed by local community that is still very traditional.  This area was identified as a component of siamang (Hylobates syndactylus) habitat.  The absence of data and the latest information about the siamang groups in Pekon Pahmungan were reasons of this research.  The purpose of this research was to determine the siamang groups in Repong Damar, used concentrated area methode.  The research was done on April 2015.  The results showed that the existence of siamang group in Repong Damar Pahmungan were 4 individuals/group.  The distribution of age classes in the individual phases of adult siamang were 2 individuals and the individual of adolescent phase were 2 individuals.  The sex ratio in the adult age class phase was 1:1 and at adolescent age class phase was 1:1.  Keywords: siamang, groups, repong damar

scholarly journals Notes on age determination, growth and measurements of Brown Hyaenas Hyaena Brunnea from the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G.L Mills
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Tooth Eruption ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
The Other ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Different Parts

Brown hyaenas were aged on the basis of tooth eruption and wear and five age-classes were recognised. Weights and seven different body measurements were recorded from 38 immobilised hyaenas. Full size is reached at the age of 30 months, but age-class 5 animals were significantly lighter than were animals from the other adult age-classes. This was probably due to the worn down premolars of old animals resulting in less efficient bone chewing. With a few puzzling exceptions the sizes of brown hyaenas from different parts of their distribution range are similar.

The Influence of population density and habitat on grouping in the western grey kangaroo, Macropus fuliginosus

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Coulson
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Lower Range ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
The Social ◽  
Western Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
North Western

Population density and habitat structure have been identified as influencing grouping patterns in kangaroos, but the separate contributions of each factor have rarely been distinguished. Grouping was examined in the western grey kangaroo, Macropus fuliginosus, at Hattah-Kulkyne National Park, north-western Victoria, where the population exhibits marked changes in density throughout habitats that provide a range of cover. Group size and population density in each habitat were surveyed at two times of day and at roughly 2-monthly intervals from March 1983 until December 1985. Of the four major habitats, mallee and woodland offered moderate cover, whereas grassland and lake bed gave sparse cover. Visibility of kangaroo groups was highest in the sparse habitats, and was positively related to the size of the group, at least in the lower range of group sizes. At densities up to 40km-2, groups that formed in the sparse habitats were larger than the groups in the two habitats that offered moderate cover. Three habitats (lake bed, grassland and woodland) had more smaller and more larger groups than expected if group formation was a random process. Large males were seen alone more often than expected by chance in lake bed, and less often in moderate cover; females with young-atfoot were over-represented as singletons in all four habitats. The size and composition of groups recorded in this study suggest that the basic components of the social organisation of kangaroos are best discerned in habitats that carry a low population density, but that also provide the most cover.

scholarly journals Western grey kangaroos, Macropus fuliginosus, in the South Australian pastoral zone: populations at the edge of their range

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Cairns ◽  
G. C. Grigg ◽  
L. A. Beard ◽  
A. R. Pople ◽  
P. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
The South ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Western Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Local Extinctions ◽  
Long Term Trends

As part of a large-scale monitoring program linked to the management of kangaroos in the South Australian pastoral zone, the western grey kangaroo populations have been surveyed annually with fixed-wing aircraft over the 15-years-period 1978–92. Western grey kangaroos are restricted in their distribution to the southern regions of the pastoral zone. During the period of the study, western grey kangaroo numbers showed no long-term trends, but did show some marked fluctuations, principally in association with a severe drought. Despite this, and unlike red kangaroos in the South Australian pastoral zone, no consistent, direct association between changes in western grey kangaroo numbers and antecedent rainfall could be demonstrated. The postulated reason for this is that most of the regional western grey kangaroo populations examined in this study were low-density populations at the edge of the range of this species. Outside of drought, these populations are likely to be limited by factors other than food, such as climate and unmodified resources in the form of suitable habitat. Also, because boundary populations may well only be maintained by constant loss and recolonisation, local extinctions associated with drought may result in extended delays in the re-establishment of populations in marginal areas. Over the period 1978–92, these populations were harvested commercially at annual rates of 5–25%, which were, on the whole, considered to be below the rates suggested to be maximum and sustainable.

Are there conservation implications for kangaroos feeding on sea birds?

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Michael Hughes ◽  
Valériane Bérengier
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
National Park ◽  
Research Note ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Sea Birds ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Western Grey Kangaroo

This research note documents an observation of a wild western grey kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus) feeding on a dead silver gull (Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae) at Lucky Bay in the Cape Le Grand National Park on the south coast of Western Australia. Published evidence suggests that this behaviour is not unique and could be widespread in Western Australia and further afield. We consider why the kangaroo may be feeding on the dead gull and possible implications for conservation programs relying on poison meat baits to control introduced species.

Use of heterogeneous habitat by the western grey kangaroo, Macropus fuliginosus

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Coulson
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitat ◽  
Western Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
North Western ◽  
Temporal Overlap

The western grey kangaroo, Macropus fuliginosus, typically occurs at highest population densities in areas of greatest habitat heterogeneity. Hattah-Kulkyne National Park, in semiarid north-western Victoria, supports a relatively high density of this species, and has a mosaic of four major vegetation associations: mallee, woodland, lake bed and grassland. The patterns of habitat use by western grey kangaroos at Hattah-Kulkyne were examined from March 1983 until May 1985 using line-transect surveys to estimate population density in each habitat, and radio-tracking to estimate home range. The population was not dispersed randomly, but generally exhibited either positive or negative preferences for each of the four habitats in early morning and at midday, and on different bimonthly surveys. These preferences often reversed between times of day and between surveys. Home ranges of individuals ranged from 221 to 459 ha (asymptotic MAP[O.95] estimates), each encompassing three or four habitat types, and there was extensive spatial and temporal overlap between individuals. Kangaroos at Hattah-Kulkyne thus alternated between adjacent habitats that offered a range of forage conditions and shelter.

scholarly journals PENDUGAAN PARAMETER DEMOGRAFI DAN PREFERENSI HABITAT TANGKASI (Tarsius lariang) DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Abdul Rosyid
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Preferred Habitat

Tarsius lariang, also called tangkasi is one of the endemic animals which is found in Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP). The threat to the tarsius population are the limitation of the distribution area, the escalation of forests exploitation, and hunting. People around the forest tend to think the tangkasi as a pest which eats cultivated plants. Therefore, population and habitat research is important. The purpose of this study is to estimate the demographic parameters and identify the characteristics of the habitat of the tangkasi, so that it can be known that the habitat component is important for the existence of the tangkasi in LLNP. The results of this study indicate the density of individual tangkasi across the LLNP region is 95.55 individuals per km². Individual density on Primary Dryland Forest Cover (PDFC) was 80.21 individuals per km² and in Dryland Secondary Forest (DSF) cover was 218.29 individuals per km², which still in normal level. The population density of tangkasi groups in the LLNP area is 35 groups per km², for the PDFC 32 and for the DSF of 54 groups per km². The total population of tangkasi based on age structure located in the research area of LLNP, PDFC, and DSF shows that the age of the juvenile is very low compared to the sub-adult age classes. It shows that tangkasi population is decreasing (regressive population). The preferred habitat of the tangkasi is the type of Dryland Secondary Forest (SDF) with a very steep slope of < 45% and altitude between 1301 and 1800 m asl.

scholarly journals Studi Populasi Siamang (Simphalangus syndactylus) DI Hutan Lindung Register 25 Pematang Tanggang Kabupaten Tanggamus

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Nur Lutfiatuz Zahra ◽  
Gunardi Djoko Winarno
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Adult Phase ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Adult

Siamang (Simphalangus syndactylus Raffles, 1821) was the primates that protected by government regulation of Republic Indonesia number 7 in 1999. The existence of the siamang was important role in forest as pollinator and seed dispersers. Conversion land has increased into plantations and agriculture so that siamang population became descreased. Protected forest on Register 25 Pematang Tanggang Tanggamus Regency was bordered by community forest, thus vulnerable to land use that siamang population became descreased. The aimed of the research was to find the size of the group, the composition of age, the sexual ratio and the habitat of siamang in protected forest Register 25 Pematang Tanggang. The method used an area concentrated in 3 areal observation. Observations were 30 days effective. The results of this research showed that the Group of siamang found about 3 groups/7 individuals. The distribution of age classes in the individual adult phase of siamang about 6 individuals, adolescent phase about 1 individual and baby phase not found in this group. The sex ratio value in the adult age class phase was 1:1 and at adolescent age class phase was 1:0. According to siamang society does not interfere with human activities so that  not harm for them and their habitat was quite adequate for a population of siamang. Keywords: protected forest, population, siamang

scholarly journals The candelabra tree (Euphorbia ingens): a source of water for black rhinoceros in Liwonde National Park, Malawi

Koedoe ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.O. Dudley
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Black Rhinoceros ◽  
Close Observation

The introduction of two rhinoceros into a 15 km2 fenced sanctuary within Liwonde National Park provided an opportunity for close observation of the animals feeding on the toxic succulent Euphorbia ingens. Feeding invariably caused the death of the plant and for plants with basal diameters between 5-17 cm, mortality ranged from 40-90 . During the severe drought of 1994 rhinoceros did not drink from the artificial waterhole from approximately 15 July to at least 23 September. As this waterhole was the only source of free water it is believed that the rhinoceros obtained their water from browsing on E. ingens.

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