The status and conservation of native rodents in Western Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Shark Bay ◽  
The Status ◽  
Threatened Taxa ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Iucn Criteria

This paper examines the conservation status of Western Australia’s native rodent fauna using IUCN criteria and compares this with their current status under State and Commonwealth legislation, as well as that recommended in the Rodent Action Plan. Of the 35 native rodent taxa known in Western Australia, four (11%) are currently listed as extinct, and six (17%) as threatened under Western Australian legislation. Nine are listed as threatened under Commonwealth legislation. It is proposed that two, currently unlisted, island sub-species should be regarded as threatened. Some decreases in conservation status are also proposed. Predation by feral cats, habitat destruction and the use of surface shelter structures are suggested as primary factors in the decline of native rodents. Conservation programs are underway for most threatened taxa in Western Australia, including the implementation of recovery plans for the Shark Bay mouse and greater stick-nest rat. The heath rat is the only threatened rodent lacking a conservation program in Western Australia. The work planned or required for rodent conservation is presented and includes survey for the critically endangered central rock-rat, and translocation programs for other threatened taxa. The distribution of most taxa is relatively well known; however, there is a need to commence, or complete, taxonomic assessment of some.

The distribution and abundance of the burrowing bettong (Marsupialia : Macropoidea)

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 525 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Short ◽  
B Turner
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
Shark Bay ◽  
The Status ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Historical Range

The burrowing buttong (Bettongia lesueur) has been extinct on mainland Australia since the early 1960s, but was believed to persist on four islands off the coast of Western Australia-Bernier, Dorre, Barrow and Boodie. We surveyed these islands in 1988-89 to ascertain the status of bettongs and other endangered mammals. Bettongs were widespread and comparatively abundant on three islands but absent from the fourth. Bettongs occurred at estimated densities of c. 14-17km-2 on Bernier, Dorre and Barrow Islands, suggesting approximate minimum populations of 650, 1000 and 3400 respectively and a total minimum population for the species of c. 5000 individuals. It would appear that a poisoning campaign in 1985 to eliminate Rattus rattus from Boodie Island also eliminated the bettong. The burrowing bettong has apparently been absent from a fifth island and its type locality, Dirk Hartog Island in Shark Bay, since early this century. The vulnerability of this species is highlighted by its extinction on mainland Australia and by the loss of two of its five island populations. It now occupies less than 0.01% of its historical range. Its status as rare and endangered is justified.

The Status of the 'White' Crayfish in Western Australia

1958 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW George
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Coastal Shelf ◽  
The Status ◽  
Western Australian

The pale-coloured "white" marine crayfish which occur seasonally along the southern part of the Western Australian west coastal shelf are recently moulted immature crayfish, and are stages in the development of the Western Australian commercial crayfish Panulirus longipes. It is suggested that individuals which reappear as whites the following season have failed to mature in the intervening period. During these phases, the average annual increment is about 0.3 in. in carapace length. Crayfish in this phase had carapace lengths from 2 3/8 to 3 3/4 in.

scholarly journals Reproductive biology of Rhabdosargus sarba (Sparidae) in Western Australian waters, in which it is a rudimentary hermaphrodite

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1333-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Alex Hesp ◽  
Ian C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Shark Bay ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Maturity ◽  
Swan River ◽  
Western Australian

The reproductive biology of the tarwhine Rhabdosargus sarba has been studied in three very different environments in Western Australia, namely the lower reaches of the Swan River Estuary and marine waters at the same latitude, i.e. ≈32°S, and a large subtropical marine embayment (Shark Bay) approximately 800 km further north. A macroscopic and histological examination of the gonads demonstrated that R. sarba is typically a rudimentary hermaphrodite in Western Australian waters, i.e. the juveniles develop into either a male or female in which the ovarian and testicular zones of the gonads, respectively, are macroscopically undetectable. This contrasts with the situation in the waters off Hong Kong and South Africa where R. sarba is reported to be a protandrous hermaphrodite. Although R. sarba spawns between mid-late winter and late spring in each water body, the onset of spawning in the estuary is delayed until salinities have risen well above their winter minima. Although males and females attain sexual maturity at very similar lengths in the Swan River Estuary and Shark Bay, i.e. each L50 for first maturity lies between 170 and 177 mm total length (TL), they typically reach maturity at an earlier age in the former environment, i.e. 2 vs 3 years old. During the spawning period, only 25 and 12% of the males and females, respectively, that were caught between 180 and 260 mm TL in nearshore marine waters were mature, whereas 94 and 92% of the males and females, respectively, that were collected in this length-range over reefs, were mature. This indicates that R. sarba tends to move offshore when it has become ‘physiologically’ ready to mature. The L50s at first maturity indicate that the minimum legal length in Western Australia (230 mm TL) is appropriate for managing this species.

The status of non-volant mammals along a rainfall gradient in the south-west Kimberley, Western Australia

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Start ◽  
A. A. Burbidge ◽  
M. C. McDowell ◽  
N. L. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Rainfall Gradient ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
South West ◽  
The Status ◽  
High Level

To assess the current status of mammals in relation to mean annual rainfall and to improve knowledge of the original mammalian assemblages in tropical Western Australia, extant terrestrial mammals and subfossil mammalian remains were sought along a rainfall gradient in two parallel ranges in the Kimberley, Western Australia. As expected, extant mammal species richness decreased with decreasing rainfall. Data from other studies in higher-rainfall areas complemented this conclusion and a parallel decline in trap success implied an overall decline in abundance, although numbers of two rodents (Rattus tunneyi and Zyzomys argurus) were highly variable. Small rodents were rare. Subfossil deposits were biased by accumulation processes, with most attributable to tytonid owls. They largely consisted of rodent and, to a lesser extent, small dasyurid bones and there was a high level of consistency in the proportional composition of many common species across the rainfall gradient. Most deposits appear to predate the introduction of stock in the 1880s and some may be much older. All species persist in the study area except two Notomys spp. and three Pseudomys spp. Both the Notomys and one Pseudomys are apparently undescribed, extinct species. However, there were marked ratio differences between subfossil and modern assemblages. Although specimens of species larger than those taken by tytonid owls were scarce, their occurrences were broadly consistent with the modern understanding of distributions.

scholarly journals Decline and Current Status of the Grey Partridge (Perdix perdix L.) Population in Serbia - A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Zoran Ristić ◽  
Slobodan Puzović ◽  
Igor Ponjiger ◽  
Miroslav Urošević ◽  
Milutin Kovačević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Population Trend ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Grey Partridge ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Status ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Gender

Summary Decrease of grey partridge population is a global process that has been catastrophic in recent decades. In England, the number of this species declined by 80% in the period from the beginning of the fifties to the mid-eighties of the last century (Potts, 1986). In the Czech Republic from 1965 to the end of the eighties by as much as 95% (Štasny et al. 1997), and the situation is similar in Poland (Panek, 2005). The status of grey partridge in Serbia follows the same pattern as mentioned, with drastic decline (Ristić and Puzović, 2015). The reasons for such trend are numerous, directly conditioned and are often difficult to eliminate. It has been found that culling has no significant effect on the population (Ristić, 1992), but changes in its habitat in order to increase the yield of agricultural crops and chemical protection have very negative effect on partridge number. In order to study each type of game, it is necessary to know the basic elements of the population: density, growth, birth rate, mortality, migration movements and gender and age structure. Migration has no effect on changes in the partridge populations. Period of assessment 2010-2013: Serbia: 20,000-28,000 breeding pairs (bp), Vojvodina: 900-1,000 bp. Long-term population trend 1980-2003: MD (mean decrease in number), short-term population trend 2000-2013: MD (mean decrease in number). The number generally decreases, especially in Vojvodina, where it is endangered by intensive agriculture and the application of harmful biocides. It is necessary to improve the monitoring and develop the national action plan.

scholarly journals The Current Status of the World’s Primates: Mapping Threats to Understand Priorities for Primate Conservation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fernández ◽  
Daphne Kerhoas ◽  
Andrea Dempsey ◽  
Josephine Billany ◽  
Gráinne McCabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact

AbstractOver the past decades, primate populations have been declining. Four years ago, >60% of species were listed as threatened. As the rate of loss accelerates and new IUCN assessments are being published, we used IUCN Red List assessments and peer-reviewed literature published within the last 5 yr to evaluate the status of primates globally, by region and by taxonomic group. We also examined the main factors affecting a species’ conservation status to determine if we could predict the status of understudied species. We found that 65% of species are in the top three IUCN Red List categories (Vulnerable, Endangered, Critically Endangered). Globally, the main threats to primates are Biological Resource Use, including Hunting & Logging, and Agriculture. The impact of these threats varied by region and taxon. Our model showed that Malagasy and Asian primates, and those affected by Agriculture, Human Disturbance, and Climate Change were more likely to be considered at risk of extinction. The model’s predictive probability, however, was low. Our literature analysis showed that some threats, especially climate change and disease, affected more species than indicated by the IUCN Red List. As we move into the next decade, we must continue tackling hunting and agricultural expansion but also be vigilant about emerging threats. We must also aim to regularly test the effectiveness of mitigation strategies, evaluating their long-term adoption and their impact on primates; as well as to increase communication between researchers and applied conservationists to ensure IUCN assessments include current and emerging threats.

scholarly journals ’n Vergelyking van die Mollusca-diversiteit in die Mooirivier (Noordwes-Provinsie) soos gevind met opnames wat gemaak is in 1963 en weer 50 jaar later

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius T. Wolmarans ◽  
Victor Wepener ◽  
Uané Pretorius ◽  
Johannes H. Erasmus ◽  
Kenné N. De Kock
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Freshwater Molluscs ◽  
Mollusc Species

The highest number ofdocumented extinctions of any major taxonomic group is ascribed to the Mollusca. Factorsmainly responsible for this include environmental changes and anthropogenic impacts whichresult in habitat destruction. Furthermore, the conservation status of less than 2% of the moreor less 7000 mollusc species, known worldwide, is still not properly assessed. The aim ofthe study done in 2014 was to assess the current status of the mollusc diversity in the MooiRiver and to compare the results to the study done in 1963. The eight sites selected for thissurvey correspond with sites surveyed during the 1963 study, with surveys conducted duringboth an early and late low-flow period. The pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and temperaturewere also measured at each locality. Of the 15 mollusc species collected in 2014, altogether14 were the same as in the 1963 survey. However, an alien invasive species Physa acuta wasadditionally collected during the current survey, which is probably due to an increase inorganic enrichment. During the 1963 survey Burnupia mooiensis and Pisidium langlyanum werepresent at most of the sites, while Gyraulus connollyi and Ferrissia cawstoni were found at sixof the eight sites during the 2014 survey. Most of the molluscs previously recorded, were stillpresent in 2014. With regard to the abiotic factors, the pH values recorded in 2014 showed amoderate to large decrease as compared to the 1963 survey. This acidification is ascribed tothe development of gold mines in the adjacent area and apparently had little influence on themollusc diversity. The increase in EC measured in 2014 did not have any influence on thediversity of the molluscs, probably due to their wide tolerance for this factor. As expected,the temperature measured in 2014 was markedly higher during the late low-flow period ascompared to the early low-flow period. In conclusion, the differences discussed above revealedno obvious influence on the diversity of the freshwater molluscs over a 50 year period, despiteincreased anthropogenic impacts.

Global population status of shy albatross and an assessment of colony-specific trends and drivers

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 672 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Alderman ◽  
R. Gales ◽  
G. N. Tuck ◽  
J. D. Lebreton
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Population Monitoring ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Juvenile Survival ◽  
The Status ◽  
By Catch

Context Monitoring the status of albatross populations and identifying the factors driving observed trends remain international conservation and management priorities. The shy albatross is endemic to Australia and breeds only on three Tasmanian islands. Aims To provide a reliable total population estimate for shy albatross, including an assessment of demographic trends for each of the three populations where possible. We consider also key drivers of population trends for each population, particularly the potential role of fisheries by-catch, with an overall aim of determining the status of the species. Methods Aerial photography and ground surveys were used to estimate the number of annual breeding pairs and trends in adult and juvenile survival rates were calculated using mark–recapture methods. At-sea distribution data was used to identify population specific trends in the overlap of shy albatross and fisheries to evaluate the potential influence of fisheries by-catch on the populations. Key Results The Albatross Island population increased post-harvesting but has recently stabilised at around 5200 breeding pairs, less than half its estimated historic size. This trajectory change appears driven by a decrease in juvenile survival. The small (170 breeding pairs) Pedra Branca population has recently declined, probably due to reduced breeding success associated with the increasing population of Australasian gannets (Morus serrator) on the island. The largest population (on Mewstone) comprises at least 9500 breeding pairs. Trends for this population are unknown. However, this paper demonstrates that these birds have greater overlap with trawl and longline fishing effort and are consequently at higher risk of fishing-related mortality. Conclusions Given the extent of fisheries overlap, survival rates for Mewstone individuals are likely to be lower than the Albatross Island population. Combined with recent trends on Pedra Branca and Albatross Island, we suggest that the current status of the shy albatross is likely to be stable at best and quite possibly decreasing. Implications The concerns raised about the conservation status of shy albatross reinforce the importance of continued population monitoring focussed particularly on establishing the trend of Mewstone. A thorough assessment of interactions with trawl fishing operations also is a management priority for this species.

scholarly journals Assessing population size of the Chestnut-Capped Foliage-Gleaner

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (24) ◽  
pp. 281-290
Author(s):  
Luciene Faria ◽  
Lucas A. Carrara ◽  
Frederico I. Garcia ◽  
Marcos Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Total Population Size ◽  
Iucn Criteria

Chestnut-Capped Foliage-Gleaner (Hylocryptus rectirostris) is a Neotropical ovenbird species (Furnariidae) endemic to gallery forests of the Cerrado region of central Brazil. While it is not considered globally threatened, the degree of habitat loss occurring throughout much of its known distribution may warrant its inclusion on red lists beyond just the state of Sao Paulo. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the conservation status of Chestnut-Capped Foliage-Gleaner according to those criteria adopted by the IUCN. Results of censuses conducted in the Serra do Cipó National Park were used to estimate the entire population size of the Chestnut-Capped Foliage-Gleaner and refine our understanding of its actual geographic distribution. Census results indicate that the species has a population density of 3.8 pairs/100 ha and occupies only a quarter of its preferred habitat in the study area, which is well below the carrying capacity. The total population size estimate, accounting for its entire extent of known occurrence, is just over 54,000 pairs. The geographic distribution and total population size estimated in this study do not indicate that the Chestnut-Capped Foliage-Gleaner should be considered a threatened species according to IUCN criteria. However, it was not possible to evaluate this species’ conservation status based on information concerning population fluctuations over time, another of the IUCN criteria. Nonetheless, the rate of habitat destruction in the Cerrado during the last century has certainly resulted in a population decline of greater than 10%, a factor sufficient enough to warrant its inclusion in the IUCN category of vulnerable.

scholarly journals Medicinal plants and phytotherapy in Iran: Glorious history, current status and future prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-111
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sadegh Amiri ◽  
Mohammad Ehsan Taghavizadeh Yazdi ◽  
Mostafa Rahnama
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Product Authenticity ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Silk Road

This study is an endeavour to analyse the status of medicinal plants research in Iran. Because of its exceptional phytogeography, Iran has a unique and diverse flora. It is estimated that, 8167 species of vascular plants are present in Iran of which about 2075 have medicinal importance. Situated at the heart of the Silk Road, Iran enjoys a mix of cultures providing a rich backbone for the development of traditional herbal medicine practices. Notwithstanding the brilliant history in traditional medicine and success of investigation to produce herbal medicines, attempts in recent decades, face many challenges. Many text and paper about these concerns were never translated in English. Strong need was felt to record such data of medicinal plants of Iran, their conservation status and related information. The scattered literature over medicinal plants of Iran were collected, analysed and presented in this review, highlighting not only their therapeutic potential but also concerns about product authenticity, quality, safety and efficacy. This will provide ways for future scientific research in this area. Awareness of critical issues in traditional medicinal herbs can play a pivotal role in the discovery and development of plant based drugs and to sustain consumer confidence.

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