Body condition assessment and prediction of fasting endurance in wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Boos ◽  
C. Thouzeau ◽  
G. Delacour ◽  
M. Artois ◽  
S. Marchandeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Kidney Fat Index ◽  
Lipid Stores ◽  
The Impact

In many species, reproductive success, resistance to food shortage and immune response to parasitism depend on body nutrient reserves. Thus, determining body fuels is important for studying the impact of the environment on animal fitness. As an alternative to the usual biochemical methods, we have defined models for estimating body composition in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The accuracy of the indices obtained on a source group was tested on an independent group. The models were applicable regardless of age, sex or season. The intact body mass already accounted for 90% of the protein variability. The most accurate equation combining dry body mass and interscapular fat mass explained 99% of the protein variations. Intact body mass and the kidney fat index were poor estimators of lipid stores (r2 = 0.45) but 90% of the variation was explained by an equation combining the interscapular fat mass and the hind leg length. None of the predictive equations significantly over- or underestimated body reserves. The usefulness of the models was assessed by estimating fasting endurance during winter. Individual estimates, ranging from two to eight days, did not differ by more than 0.5 day from the fasting endurance obtained from actual mobilisable body nutrients. In such lean species (adiposity 2–4%), proteins may account for up to 40% of the available energy reserves and survival is likely to be linked to the continuous availability of food resources. These results stress the need to determine proteins and not only lipids to have a pertinent tool for the management of wild animal populations, particularly in lean species.

scholarly journals Body Mass and Fat Mass in Refractory Asthma: An Observational 1 Year Follow-Up Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Bafadhel ◽  
Amisha Singapuri ◽  
Sarah Terry ◽  
Beverley Hargadon ◽  
William Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Asthma Control Questionnaire ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Refractory Asthma

Background. Asthma and obesity are common; however the impact of obesity upon asthma remains uncertain. Objectives. To assess relationships between obesity and fat mass with airway inflammation, lung function, and disease control in patients with refractory asthma. Methods. 151 refractory asthma patients were characterised for measures of airway inflammation, lung function, Juniper asthma control questionnaire (JACQ), body mass index (BMI), and fat mass index (FMI) derived from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Patients were reassessed over 12 months. Results. 74% of patients had an elevated BMI. BMI and FMI correlated (r=0.9, P<.001). FMI and JACQ correlated in men (r=0.3, P=.01). After 12 months 23% lost weight. Weight change over 12 months correlated with FEV1 change (r=−0.3, P=.03), but not with change in JACQ or exacerbations. Conclusion. Increased fat mass is common in refractory asthma and is associated with asthma symptom control in men. Loss of weight is associated with improvement in lung function in refractory asthma.

The potential role of habitat on intestinal helminths of mountain hares, Lepus timidus

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A.R. Hulbert ◽  
B. Boag
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Lepus Timidus ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Kidney Fat Index ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Forestry Plantations ◽  
The Impact

Over the last century in the uplands of Scotland, the extent of heather moorland which supports high densities of mountain hares Lepus timidus has diminished and has gradually been replaced by large-scale commercial forestry plantations or expanding natural woodlands. The potential impact of such a change in land use on host–parasite interactions was investigated by comparing the intensity and prevalence of infection of hares by parasites in two separate habitats: a large hare-fenced young forestry plantation and the adjacent open moorland. Carcasses were collected in November 1990 from within both habitats and after the woodland had been enclosed for nine months. Age, sex, fatness (kidney fat index) and degree of infection of hares were noted. Two parasites were recorded: the nematode Trichostrongylus retortaeformis and the cestode Mosgovoyia pectinata. Clear differences in the intensity of infection of adults occupying the different habitats had occurred in the nine months since woodland enclosure. Adult mountain hares in the woodland had levels of infections approaching four times that observed in hares occupying the open moorland and although not significant, the prevalence of infection was greater in hosts inhabiting the woodland than the open moorland. It is suggested that the parasite–host relationship differs between the two habitats and as heather-dominated moorland landscapes become more fragmented with the increasing establishment of woodlands, the impact of parasites on the life history strategies of mountain hares needs to be reconsidered.

scholarly journals Lean Body Mass, but Not Fat Mass, Is Associated with Hippocampal Memory Performance (P14-011-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Golden ◽  
Kelsey Hassevoort ◽  
Corinne Cannavale ◽  
Caitlyn Edwards ◽  
Sharon Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives A converging body of evidence indicates elevated weight status is inversely related to memory forms that disproportionately rely on the hippocampus. However, much of this work has relied on BMI, resulting in a limited understanding of the impact of body composition on memory performance. Accordingly, this study investigated the influence of soft tissue compartments (i.e., lean and fat mass) on hippocampal-dependent memory function. Using a mnemonic discrimination task, we examined lure discrimination, a measure of hippocampal memory ability. It was anticipated that lean body mass would relate positively, and fat mass negatively to lure discrimination ability. Methods Participants included 216 individuals (134 females) between the ages of 25 and 46 years. Participants provided demographic information such as sex, age, and income. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to assess height-adjusted lean and fat mass (LMI and FMI, respectively). Lure discrimination, the ability to correctly identify objects similar to those seen during encoding, was assessed using the Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST). Bivariate correlations were conducted to determine demographic predictors of task performance. Subsequently, a linear regression model controlling for significant predictors was used to determine LMI and FMI influence on lure discrimination. Results Preliminary data analysis showed a positive correlation between BMI and MST performance. Follow-up bivariate correlations revealed an underlying positive association between LMI and lure discrimination (r = .153, P = .029), while FMI and lure discrimination were not significantly associated (r = .087, P = .218). A linear regression model controlling for age and income showed LMI accounted for a significant proportion of variance in lure discrimination (R2 = .070, P = .002), adjusting for demographic variables. Conclusions These findings indicate that while BMI is related to lure discrimination, this effect appears to be driven by LMI, but not FMI. Future studies are warranted to determine the impact of changes in lean mass on hippocampal memory performance. Funding Sources Funding provided by the Department of Kinesiology and Community Health at the University of Illinois and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch Project 1009249. Partial support provided by the Hass Avocado Board.

scholarly journals Investigation of the effect of mass prior to slaughtering on slaughter values of male fattening young cattle of domestic Simmental breed

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
S. Aleksic ◽  
M.M. Petrovic ◽  
V. Pantelic ◽  
Z. Novakovic ◽  
N. Stanisic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
The Third ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Tail Muscle ◽  
Average Body

For the purpose of investigation of factors important for slaughter yield results, a trial with three groups of young cattle of Domestic Simmental breed of different body masses was carried out. Young cattle in the first group (G1) (n=6) had average body mass of 509,00 kg (475-525), in the second group (G2) of young cattle (n=7) average body mass of 554,29 kg (530 - 575) was recorded and in the third group of young cattle (G3) (n=8) 591,13kg (580-615). Subsequent to slaughtering warm carcass sides were measured individually, with and without kidney fat, mass of internal organs was measured (kidneys, liver, lungs, heart, spleen) and mass of other secondary slaughter products (head, tongue, tail, muscle part of diaphragm). After cooling carcass sides were cut into main parts. Based on obtained results of research it was established that male cattle of group (G2) of Domestic Simmental breed of average body mass of 554,29 kg have realized higher slaughter yield compared to groups G1 and G3, whereas the share of kidney fat was the same in all three groups of young cattle. Share of mass of internal organs was the lowest in young cattle of group G2 (2,47%) whereas in other two groups it was the same. Share of mass of other secondary slaughter products (head, tongue, tail, muscle part of diaphragm) in all three groups of young cattle was the same. Share of mass of round (I category part of the carcass) was the highest in young cattle of group G3 (29,86), and statistically significantly (P<0.05) lower in group G1 (28,39). Share of carcass parts of II category (loin, back, shoulder) was the lowest in young cattle of group G3 (23,655), and of carcass parts of category III (second thigh, second fore thigh, neck, breasts, ribs, belly) in young cattle of group G2 (44,45%). .

scholarly journals AMPD1 C34T Polymorphism (rs17602729) Is Not Associated with Post-Exercise Changes of Body Weight, Body Composition, and Biochemical Parameters in Caucasian Females

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 558
Author(s):  
Agata Leońska-Duniec ◽  
Ewelina Maculewicz ◽  
Kinga Humińska-Lisowska ◽  
Agnieszka Maciejewska-Skrendo ◽  
Katarzyna Leźnicka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Training Outcomes ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
The Impact

Background: The C34T polymorphism (rs 17602729) in adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 gene (AMPD1) is associated with muscular energy metabolism in exercise. However, the role of its potential modifying impact on exercise-induced changes in obesity related parameters is unknown. The aim of the study was to determine if the C34T polymorphism influences the effects of an exercise training. Methods: This study examines a group of one hundred and sixty-eight, young, non-obese Caucasian women in Poland who took part in a 12-week aerobic training program to determine the impact of allele and genotype distribution on training outcomes. Results: A two-way analysis of variance ANOVA was conducted assuming a dominant model by pooling rare homozygotes and heterozygotes (TT + CT, n = 79) and comparing against common homozygotes (CC, n = 89). Our results showed that the AMPD1 C34T polymorphism was not related with selected parameters in study group. After completing the 12-week training program, a wide array of parameters (body mass, body mass index, fat mass, free fat mass, total body water) were significantly changed in the study participants with the exception of AMPD1 genotypes, among whom no significant changes were observed. Conclusions: The results did not confirm that harboring the rs 17602729 T allele influences the effects of the training program.

scholarly journals Changes in Body Mass and Composition of the Body as Well as Physical Activity and Time Spent in Front of the Monitor by Students of the University of Physical Education in Wrocław during the Period of COVID-19 Restrictions

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7801
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Chwałczyńska ◽  
Waldemar Andrzejewski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The University ◽  
Medical University ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study is to assess the impact of changes in daily physical activity during the blockade (March 2020–February 2021) on the mass and segmental composition of the body of young people. Material and research methods: In total, 120 people from the sports and medical university aged 19.8 (±0.8) years, average height 173.2 (±9.2) cm, body mass 66.1 (±12.8), and BMI 19.2 (±5.9) kg/m2. The research was carried out in two stages. The total and segmental body mass of the respondents and the change in physical activity during the pandemic were assessed twice (December 2019, February 2021). There was a statistically significant increase in body mass in men, an increase in total fat mass in women, and statistically significant changes in the distribution of fat mass in both sexes. Conclusions: In the studied group, there was a change in the forms of physical activity from strength and group activity to endurance activity (running forms, cycling.) and individual activity. The subjects showed a statistically significant increase in body fat, regardless of gender, and in the upper limbs in men.

Repercussions of a very active life style in body composition and cardiometabolic parameters of the elderly in a sample of the population of the mid region of the city of recife/Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Coriolano ◽  
W Queiroz ◽  
K Andrade ◽  
M Coriolano
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Life Style ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Active Life ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract Introduction Aging is accompanied by changes in body composition and cardio metabolic parameters, which indicate the onset of chronic degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular, coronary and metabolic diseases. The prevention of these diseases in the elderly may depend on changes in risk factors related to life style, with physical activities as one of the most important components for a healthy life style. Objectives To assess the impact of a very active life style in body composition and cardio metabolic parameters in a sample of the elderly population in the city of Recife. Methodology A cross-sectional study conducted with the elderly (age ≥ 60 years) that were allocated into two groups of sedentary life style, and very active, according to the variable "physical exercise" of the table of coronary risk (CR) of the Michigan Heart Association, which considers the recreational and occupational effort played by the individual. The variables related to body composition were body weight, body fat percentage (%F), lean body mass, fat mass and body mass index (BMI). The cardio metabolic parameters were obtained from the CR, blood pressure and casual blood glucose. The independent T test and Fishers exact test were used, considering P &lt; 0.05. Results The sample consisted of 363 elderly people (156 men and 207 women), 61 being very active and 302 sedentary. A significant part of the very active elderly (p = 0.001) was between 60 and 69 years (n = 41 - 69%), and none of the elderly aged ≥ 80 years (n = 21) was categorized as very active. The very active elderly presented body mass (p = 0.01), %F (p = 0.005), fat mass (p = 0.0007), BMI (p = 0.005), casual blood glucose levels (p = 0.003) and CR (p &lt; 0.0001) significantly lower than the sedentary elderly. Conclusion The elderly with very active life style have body composition and cardio metabolic parameters better than the sedentary elderly of the sample.

scholarly journals Fathers matter: male body mass affects life-history traits in a size-dimorphic seabird

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1854) ◽  
pp. 20170397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Cornioley ◽  
Stéphanie Jenouvrier ◽  
Luca Börger ◽  
Henri Weimerskirch ◽  
Arpat Ozgul
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Breeding Probability ◽  
The Impact

One of the predicted consequences of climate change is a shift in body mass distributions within animal populations. Yet body mass, an important component of the physiological state of an organism, can affect key life-history traits and consequently population dynamics. Over the past decades, the wandering albatross—a pelagic seabird providing bi-parental care with marked sexual size dimorphism—has exhibited an increase in average body mass and breeding success in parallel with experiencing increasing wind speeds. To assess the impact of these changes, we examined how body mass affects five key life-history traits at the individual level: adult survival, breeding probability, breeding success, chick mass and juvenile survival. We found that male mass impacted all traits examined except breeding probability, whereas female mass affected none. Adult male survival increased with increasing mass. Increasing adult male mass increased breeding success and mass of sons but not of daughters. Juvenile male survival increased with their chick mass. These results suggest that a higher investment in sons by fathers can increase their inclusive fitness, which is not the case for daughters. Our study highlights sex-specific differences in the effect of body mass on the life history of a monogamous species with bi-parental care.

MP35-19 THE IMPACT OF EXCESS FAT MASS ON MORTALITY AFTER RADICAL NEPHRECTOMY FOR RENAL CELL CARCINOMA: BEYOND BODY MASS INDEX

2015 ◽  
Vol 193 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Psutka ◽  
Michael Moynagh ◽  
Grant Schmit ◽  
R. Houston Thompson ◽  
Stephen Boorjian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Radical Nephrectomy ◽  
The Impact
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