Sorption-desorption behaviour of caesium in some Western Australian soils

Soil Research ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 929 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Singh ◽  
RJ Gilkes
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Erosion And Deposition ◽  
Sorption Behaviour ◽  
137Cs Technique ◽  
Nuclear Tests ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Different Soils

Soil caesium-137 derived from past atmospheric nuclear tests is increasingly being used as an indicator of soil erosion and deposition on the basis that fallout 137Cs has been retained by soils, although this assumption has not been thoroughly tested for different soils. The sorption behaviour of some Western Australian soils indicates that Cs is differentially sorbed as a consequence of differences in clay mineralogy. Kaolinitic sandy soils of low exchange capacity sorb Cs in preference to Ca and Na, with the specificity for Cs being higher at lower concentrations of Cs in solution. lllitic and smectitic soils sorbed more Cs than kaolinitic soils and retained more than 50% of sorbed Cs after a series of extractions with salt solutions. Retention by kaolinitic soils was less but, for the concentrations of Cs likely to occur in soils, it seems that most Cs is retained so that it is probable that the 137Cs technique can be used with confidence for the measurement of soil erosion and deposition for many Western Australian soils.

Soil erosion and deposition rates in a cultivated catchment area in central Greece, estimated using the 137Cs technique

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P. Theocharopoulos ◽  
H. Florou ◽  
D.E. Walling ◽  
H. Kalantzakos ◽  
M. Christou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Erosion And Deposition ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Central Greece ◽  
137Cs Technique

Possibility of using caustic residue from bauxite for improving the chemical and physical properties of sandy soils

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Barrow
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Western Australian

Large quantities of alkaline red mud are produced as a waste product from the extraction of alumina from bauxite. Its chemical and physical properties and the way that it could be modified to produce good growth of plants were investigated. The cation exchange capacity of the red mud increased with pH, the adsorption of phosphate decreased, and the adsorption of cadmium increased. A pH of just above eight seemed to provide a good combination of desirable properties. This could be achieved by exposing the red mud to air and mixing it with gypsum - also available as a waste product. Carbon dioxide was absorbed by alkaIi in the red mud, and then precipitated by the gypsum as calcium carbonate. This released sodium sulfate which could be leached from the mud. Medic species could then be grown, provided that phosphate, potassium and manganese were supplied. Residual sodium sulfate from incomplete leaching seemed to limit the growth of other species. There seemed to be a potential to use the amended red mud to improve the waterholding properties and the chemical properties of sandy soils of the Western Australian coastal plain.

The effects of nitrogen nutrition of plants on the development of acidity in Western Australian soils. I. Effects with subterranean clover grown under leaching conditions

1983 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
SC Jarvis ◽  
AD Robson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ash Alkalinity ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Exchange Acidity

Subterranean clover was grown, under leaching conditions, in pots on cultivated and virgin acidic sandy soils from two sites in Western Australia. Nitrogen (N) was supplied to the plants either as NH+4, NO-3 or through symbiotic fixation. There were marked changes in the acidity of the soil as the result of the differences in catiot/anion balance induced by the different forms of N supplied. Thus plants supplied with NH+4 depressed the pH by 0.9 pH units, and those dependent upon fixation by 0.5 pH units. There was little change in pH when NO-3 was supplied. Changes in soil pH were strongly related to cation/ anion balance, with increasing acidity resulting from the decreasing ash alkalinity of shoots of plants supplied with NH+4. There were marked differences both between the two soils from the same site, as well as between soils from the two different sites, in the relationships between pH and soluble aluminium and pH and exchange acidity. It is suggested that differences in the form, as well as differences in the total amount, of organic matter could play a major role in controlling the development of acidity in such soils of low, permanent cation exchange capacity.

Soil erosion and properties as affected by fire and time after fire events in steep rangelands using 137Cs technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsollah Ayoubi ◽  
Shirin Rabiee ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mosaddeghi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Abdi ◽  
Farideh Abbaszadeh Afshar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
137Cs Technique

Prediction of the CEC to clay ratio using mid-infrared spectroscopy

Soil Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Bloesch
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Diffraction Measurement ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Mid Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Laboratory Determination ◽  
Validation Set

The ratio of cation exchange capacity to clay (CCR) has been used as an index of clay mineralogy in subsoils low in organic matter in place of the standard X-ray diffraction measurement. Laboratory determination of this ratio is time-consuming and expensive and involves two analyses. In this paper, the CCR has been successfully predicted from mid-infrared diffuse reflectance spectra using partial least-squares regression (PLSR) with a square-root transformation of the CCR values (R2 = 0.860; root mean squared error of prediction = 0.089; relative per cent deviation = 2.660 for an independent validation set). The most important wavelengths used in the PLSR calibration were identified. The prediction of CCR using mid-infrared spectroscopy provides a cheaper and faster alternative to laboratory determination.

scholarly journals Sorption performances of TiO(OH)(H2PO4)·H2O in synthetic and mine waters

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1989-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mylène Trublet ◽  
Marina V. Maslova ◽  
Daniela Rusanova ◽  
Oleg N. Antzutkin
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Titanium Phosphate ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Sorption Behaviour ◽  
Fast Kinetics ◽  
First Report

The first report on sorption behaviour of a titanium phosphate sorbent containing entirely –H2PO4 groups reveals a high exchange capacity and fast kinetics.

scholarly journals Assesment of soil erosion by 137Cs technique in native forests in Londrina City, Parana, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1051-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avacir Casanova Andrello ◽  
Carlos Roberto Appoloni ◽  
Virgílio Franco do Nascimento Filho
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Mass Balance Model ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
137Cs Inventory ◽  
Native Forests ◽  
137Cs Distribution ◽  
137Cs Technique

The aim of this work was to assess the soil erosion process in native forest by the 137Cs methodology. The mass balance model was applied to assess the rates of soil loss in three native forests around of Londrina city, Paraná, Brazil. 137Cs distribution depth was of exponential type for the three forests and 137Cs inventory was 241 Bq m-2 for Mata 1, 338 Bq m-2 for Mata 2 and 325 Bq m-2 for Mata UEL. The soil loss value calculated for three native forests was: 6,684 kg ha-1 yr-1 for Mata 1, 1,788 kg ha-1 yr-1 for Mata 2 and 4,524 kg ha-1 yr-1 for Mata UEL.

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