Effects of different soil management practices on winter wheat yield and N losses on a dryland loess soil in China

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Jin ◽  
Stefaan De Neve ◽  
Bram Moeskops ◽  
Junjie Lu ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

One of the most important problems in the Loess Plateau of China affecting sustainable agriculture is inefficient nutrient use. Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different soil management practices on the nitrogen (N) dynamics and winter wheat yield on a loess soil in Luoyang, Henan province, China. The results showed that subsoiling with mulch (SS) consistently increased the yield of winter wheat primarily by better water harvest compared with conventional tillage (CT). The influence on yield of no till with mulch (NT) depended on the amount of precipitation. TC (2 crops per year) lowered the winter wheat yield mainly due to the unfavourable soil moisture conditions after growing peanut in summer; however, the harvested peanut gained an extra profit for the local farmer. N uptake by grain and straw and N export was highest for SS. Changes in frequency and intensity of tillage practice altered soil total N content and its distribution along the slope. SS and NT increased the N content of the surface layer (0–0.20 m) compared with CT, but there was no significant effect in deeper soil layers. Considerable amounts of nitrate-N were left in the profile 0–1.60 cm just after harvest under all treatments. The cumulative nitrate-N content to a depth of 1.60 m on average was 282 kg/ha, of which 56 kg/ha was in the layer 1.20–1.60 m, which is an indication of considerable nitrate leaching. From data of 7 consecutive years between 1999 and 2006, it could be concluded that SS resulted in the highest yield and total N content in the surface layer, and is the most sustainable tillage option for the circumstances of the study area.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Wheat Yield Variability Based on Experimental Data from 2008–2018 to Understand the Yield Gap

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Wójcik-Gront ◽  
Marzena Iwańska ◽  
Agnieszka Wnuk ◽  
Tadeusz Oleksiak
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

Among European countries, Poland has the largest gap in the grain yield of winter wheat, and thus the greatest potential to reduce this yield gap. This paper aims to recognize the main reasons for winter wheat yield variability and shed the light on possible reasons for this gap. We used long-term datasets (2008–2018) from individual commercial farms obtained by the Laboratory of Economics of Seed and Plant Breeding of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute (IHAR)-National Research Institute (Poland) and the experimental fields with high, close to potential yield, in the Polish Post-Registration Variety Testing System in multi-environmental trials. We took into account environment, management and genetic variables. Environment was considered through soil class representing soil fertility. For the crop management, the rates of mineral fertilization, the use of pesticides and the type of pre-crop were considered. Genotype was represented by the independent variable year of cultivar registration or year of starting its cultivation in Poland. The analysis was performed using the CART (Classification and Regression Trees). The winter wheat yield variability was mostly dependent on the amount of nitrogen fertilization applied, soil quality, and type of pre-crop. Genetic variable was also important, which means that plant breeding has successfully increased genetic yield potential especially during the last several years. In general, changes to management practices are needed to lower the variability of winter wheat yield and possibly to close the yield gap in Poland.

On-Farm Evaluation of Winter Wheat Yield Response to Residual Soil Nitrate-N in North China Plain

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1527-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenling Cui ◽  
Xinping Chen ◽  
Yuxin Miao ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Fusuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
On Farm

scholarly journals Effects of no-tillage management on soil biochemical characteristics in northern China

2009 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. LIU ◽  
B. Q. ZHAO ◽  
X. R. MEI ◽  
H. B. SO ◽  
J. LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Chinese Loess Plateau ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

SUMMARYField experiments (15 years) were carried out to study the effects of no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) management practices on the soil chemical properties, microbial biomass, soil enzymatic activities and winter wheat yield on a cinnamon soil in Shanxi, on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Compared to CT, NT increased soil organic carbon, soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus in the 0–100 mm layer by 25, 18 and 7%, respectively. Microbial biomass C and N contents under NT were 41 and 57% greater than under CT on the same layer. In general, higher enzymatic activities were found in the more superficial layers of soil under NT than under CT in the same layer. Winter wheat yield wasc. 20% higher under NT than under CT. These findings have implications for understanding how conservation tillage practices improve soil quality and sustainability in the rainfed dryland farming areas of northern China.

Effect of nitrogen top-dressing on winter wheat yield, quantity and quality

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zs. Szentpétery ◽  
Cs. Kleinheincz ◽  
G. Szöllősi ◽  
M. Jolánkai
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

scholarly journals Effect of Soil Management on Erosion in Mountain Vineyards (N-W Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1991
Author(s):  
Silvia Stanchi ◽  
Odoardo Zecca ◽  
Csilla Hudek ◽  
Emanuele Pintaldi ◽  
Davide Viglietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Soil Ecosystem Services ◽  
Erosion Mitigation ◽  
Management Approaches

We studied the effects of three soil management approaches (permanent grassing, chemical weeding, and buffer strips), and the additional impact of tractor passage on soil erosion in a sloping vineyard located in the inner part of Aosta Valley (N-W Italian Alps). The vineyard rows were equipped with a sediment collection system with channels and barrel tanks. A total of 12 events with sediment production were observed across 6 years, and the collected sediments were weighted and analyzed. Average erosion rates ranged from negligible (mainly in grassed rows) to 1.1 t ha−1 per event (after weeding). The most erosive event occurred in July 2015, with a total rainfall of 32.2 mm, of which 20.1 were recorded in 1 h. Despite the limited number of erosive events observed, and the low measured erosion rates, permanent grassing reduced soil erosion considerably with respect to weeding; buffering had a comparable effect to grassing. The tractor passage, independent of the soil management approaches adopted, visibly accelerated the erosion process. The collected sediments were highly enriched in organic C, total N, and fine size fractions, indicating a potential loss of fertility over time. Despite the measured erosion rates being low over the experiment’s duration, more severe events are well documented in the recent past, and the number of intense storms is likely to increase due to climate change. Thus, the potential effects of erosion in the medium and long term need to be limited to a minimum rate of soil loss. Our experiment helped to compare soil losses by erosion under different soil management practices, including permanent grassing, i.e., a nature-based erosion mitigation measure. The results of the research can provide useful indications for planners and practitioners in similar regions, for sustainable, cross-sectoral soil management, and the enhancement of soil ecosystem services.

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