scholarly journals Trace metal enrichment in sugarcane soils due to the long-term application of fertilisers, North Queensland, Australia: geochemical and Pb, Sr, and U isotopic compositions

Soil Research ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd G. Lottermoser
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Metal Enrichment ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
Commercial Nitrogen

This study aimed to determine whether >80 years of fertiliser application has led to recognisable changes in the trace metal (Cd, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, Th, U, Zn) chemistry of topsoils (0–0.10 m) from sugarcane land, northern Queensland, Australia. The metal concentrations of commercial nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilisers currently used in northern Queensland were generally lower than those of phosphate fertilisers and fertiliser blends. Composite topsoil samples (0–0.10 m depth) taken from canelands had higher median Cd, Mo, Pb, Sr, Th, U, and Zn concentrations than topsoils from forested areas of the catchment. Niobium, Ta, and Ti were confirmed as refractory immobile elements and used as reference elements for the evaluation of trace metal enrichments. Bivariate plots of trace metal/immobile element ratios verified that Cd, Mo, Pb, Sr, Th, U, and Zn are enriched in sugarcane soils compared with background forest soils. Isotopic ratios for Pb, Sr, and U highlight that fertilisers, cane soils, and forest soils have isotopically distinct compositions. Phosphate fertilisers currently used in the agricultural industry possess the most radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr, 234U/238U, 207Pb/206Pb, and 208Pb/206Pb ratios. Background forest soils have the highest 87Sr/86Sr, 207Pb/206Pb, and 208Pb/206Pb and lowest 234U/238U ratios. By contrast, cane soils exhibit 207Pb/206Pb and 208Pb/206Pb ratios that appear on a mixing line between the isotopically distinct background soils and phosphate fertilisers. Also, cane soils possess 234U/238U ratios similar to phosphate fertilisers. Thus, the application of phosphate fertilisers to canelands has resulted in higher Cd, Mo, Pb, Sr, Th, U, and Zn concentrations and more radiogenic Pb, Sr, and U isotope ratios in cane soils. Trace metal ratios and the Pb, Sr, and U isotopic composition of topsoils and fertilisers are useful tools to recognise fertiliser-derived trace metals in agricultural landscapes.

Dynamics of organic matter in soil as determined by variations in 13C/12C isotopic ratios and fractionation by ease of oxidation

Soil Research ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 881 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Conteh ◽  
R. D. B. Lefroy ◽  
G. J. Blair
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Plant Residue ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Labile Carbon ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Adjacent Soil ◽  
Fertiliser Application

Management of organic matter in soils requires techniques that accurately monitor changes in soil organic matter over the short term and long term. This study was carried out in a glasshouse pot experiment to examine changes in soil carbon under the influence of long-term cropping, plant residue, and fertiliser application, using variations in 13C/12C isotopic ratios of organic materials and fractionation by ease of oxidation. The study examines the changes in carbon contents of adjacent soil samples with different cropping histories as affected by application of fertiliser and crop residue and the growth of wheat. Significant increases in soil carbon values were observed with residue application. The effects of the applied fertiliser on soil carbon levels depend on the presence or absence of wheat. A higher amount of labile carbon was found in the native soil than in cultivated soil.

An educational computer tool for simulating long-term soil erosion on agricultural landscapes

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Jiménez-Hornero ◽  
J. V. Giráldez ◽  
A. M. Laguna ◽  
J. E. Jiménez-Hornero
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Computer Tool ◽  
Educational Computer

N and C transformations in long-term N-fertilized forest soils in response to seasonal drought

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aino Smolander ◽  
Laura Barnette ◽  
Veikko Kitunen ◽  
Ilari Lumme
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Seasonal Drought

scholarly journals Exploration of physico-chemical parameters and ionic constituents from groundwater used in irrigation of Tangail district, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-119
Author(s):  
Elina Aziz ◽  
Md Younus Mia ◽  
Nowara Tamanna Meghla
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Soil Ecosystem ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Fe And Mn

The study was conducted for exploration of physico-chemical parameters and ionic constituents of groundwater used in irrigation of four upazilas namely Tangail Sadar, Kalihati, Delduar and Nagarpur upazila of Tangail district during the months of March, April and May of 2015. The physico-chemical parameters (pH, EC and TDS), ionic constituents (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, CO32-, HCO3-, PO43- and SO42-) and trace metal (Fe and Mn) were analyzed to assess the quality of irrigation in relation to soil properties and crop growth. The pH of groundwater indicates slightly alkaline in nature. As regards to EC the groundwater was in ‘good’ class and medium salinity hazards in quality for irrigation and the concentration of TDS indicates water as fresh water. The concentration of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, CO32-, HCO3-, PO43- and SO42- of groundwater were recorded within the permissible limit for irrigation and these ions might not create hazardous impact on soil ecosystem for growing crops. The trace amount of Fe and Mn was detected in irrigation water. In the study area, the groundwater was within the recommended limit and would not create problem for irrigation and that have not long term effects on irrigating agricultural crops which could be safely used for irrigation purposes.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(1): 115-119, April 2016

scholarly journals Streamflow recession patterns can help unravel the role of climate and humans in landscape co-evolution

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1413-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick W. Bogaart ◽  
Ype van der Velde ◽  
Steve W. Lyon ◽  
Stefan C. Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Linear Behaviour ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Future Landscape ◽  
Do So

Abstract. Traditionally, long-term predictions of river discharges and their extremes include constant relationships between landscape properties and model parameters. However, due to the co-evolution of many landscape properties more sophisticated methods are necessary to quantify future landscape–hydrological model relationships. As a first step towards such an approach we use the Brutsaert and Nieber (1977) analysis method to characterize streamflow recession behaviour of  ≈  200 Swedish catchments within the context of global change and landscape co-evolution. Results suggest that the Brutsaert–Nieber parameters are strongly linked to the climate, soil, land use, and their interdependencies. Many catchments show a trend towards more non-linear behaviour, meaning not only faster initial recession but also slower recession towards base flow. This trend has been found to be independent from climate change. Instead, we suggest that land cover change, both natural (restoration of natural soil profiles in forested areas) and anthropogenic (reforestation and optimized water management), is probably responsible. Both change types are characterised by system adaptation and change, towards more optimal ecohydrological conditions, suggesting landscape co-evolution is at play. Given the observed magnitudes of recession changes during the past 50 years, predictions of future river discharge critically need to include the effects of landscape co-evolution. The interconnections between the controls of land cover and climate on river recession behaviour, as we have quantified in this paper, provide first-order handles to do so.

scholarly journals Experiences from a National Landscape Monitoring Programme—Maintaining Continuity Whilst Meeting Changing Demands and Opportunities

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Grete Stokstad ◽  
Wendy Fjellstad
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Monitoring Programme ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Landscape Monitoring ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Over Time

Over the past few decades, there has been increasing interest in recording landscape change. Monitoring programmes have been established to measure the scope, direction and rate of change, and assess the consequences of changes for multiple interests, such as biodiversity, cultural heritage and recreation. The results can provide feedback for multiple sectors and policy domains. Political interests may change over time, but long-term monitoring demands long-term funding. This requires that monitoring programmes remain relevant and cost-efficient. In this paper, we document experiences from 20 years of the Norwegian Monitoring Programme for Agricultural Landscapes—the ‘3Q Programme’. We explain how data availability and demands for information have changed over time, and how the monitoring programme has been adapted to remain relevant. We also discuss how methods of presentation influence the degree of knowledge transfer to stakeholders, in particular to policy makers.

scholarly journals Long-term effects of timber harvesting on hemicellulolytic microbial populations in coniferous forest soils

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary T C Leung ◽  
Kendra R Maas ◽  
Roland C Wilhelm ◽  
William W Mohn
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Long Term Effects

scholarly journals Amphibians of northwestern Buenos Aires province, Argentina: checklist, range extensions and comments on conservation

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
María G. Agostini ◽  
Pablo E. Saibene ◽  
Ignacio Roesler ◽  
David Bilenca
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Native Grasslands ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Conservation Actions

Northwestern Buenos Aires province is located within the Pampas region of Argentina. Agricultural practices have extensively modified native grasslands in a relatively short period, leaving no intact pristine areas. Based on data collected between 2006 and 2015 at 153 ponds in agricultural landscapes, we compiled an annotated list of the amphibians of northwestern Buenos Aires province. We report 13 extant species of amphibians, which represent 43% of the known amphibian diversity in Buenos Aires province, and extend the ranges of three species. Three species found only in herpetological collections extend the list to 16 species. Our study is the first long-term survey of amphibians conducted in this part of Argentina and provides valuable information for future conservation actions across agricultural landscapes.

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