Unravelling the effects of soil properties on water infiltration: segmented quantile regression on a large data set from arid south-west Africa

Soil Research ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 783 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Mills ◽  
M. V. Fey ◽  
A. Gröngröft ◽  
A. Petersen ◽  
T. V. Medinski
Keyword(s):  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Water Dispersible ◽  
Wide Range

Relationships were sought between infiltrability and the properties of hundreds of surface soils (pedoderms) sampled across Namibia and western South Africa. Infiltrability was determined using a laboratory method, calibrated against a rainfall simulator, which measures the passage of a suspension of soil in distilled water through a small column packed with the same soil. Other properties determined were EC, pH, water-soluble cations and anions, ammonium acetate-extractable cations, organic C, total N, a 7-fraction particle size distribution, water-dispersible silt and clay, and clay mineral composition. Our objective was to ascertain whether general principles pertaining to infiltrability can be deduced from an analysis of a wide diversity of soils. To achieve this we compared correlation analysis, generalised linear models (GLMs), and generalised additive models (GAMs) with a segmented quantile regression approach, in which parametric regression lines were fitted to the 0.9 and 0.1 quantile values of equal subpopulations based on the x variable. Quantile regression demarcated relational envelopes enclosing four-fifths of the data points. The envelopes revealed ranges for soil properties over which infiltrability is potentially maximal (spread over a wide range) or predictably minimal (confined to small values). The r2 value of the 0.9 quantile regression line was taken as an index of reliability in being able to predict limiting effects on infiltrability associated with a variety of soil properties. Prediction of infiltration was most certain from textural properties, especially the content of water-dispersible silt (r2 = 0.96, n = 581), water-dispersible clay (0.88, n = 581), very fine sand (0.86, n = 174), and medium sand (0.84, n = 174). Chemical properties such as EC, sodium status, organic C content, and clay mineralogy were less clearly related to infiltrability than was texture. The role of fine-particle dispersion in blocking pores was highlighted by the stronger prediction in all statistical analyses provided by the water-dispersible as opposed to total content of silt and clay. All the statistical analyses revealed a probable skeletal role of medium and fine sand fractions in shaping pores and a plasmic (mobile) role of finer fractions in blocking pores. A noteworthy discovery was an apparent switch in role from skeletal to plasmic at a particle diameter of about 0.1 mm (i.e. between fine and very fine sand).

Assessment of the Role of Different Soil Properties on Crust Strength by Linear Regression Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
MINAKSHI SERAWAT ◽  
V K PHOGAT ◽  
ANIL Abdul KAPOOR ◽  
VIJAY KANT SINGH ◽  
ASHA SERAWAT
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dispersion Ratio ◽  
Crust Strength

Soil crust strength influences seedling emergence, penetration and morphology of plant roots, and, consequently, crop yields. A study was carried out to assess the role of different soil properties on crust strength atHisar, Haryana, India. The soil samples from 0-5 and 5-15 cm depths were collected from 21 locations from farmer’s fields, having a wide range of texture.Soil propertieswere evaluated in the laboratory and theirinfluence on the modulus of rupture (MOR), which is the measure of crust strength, was evaluated.The MOR of texturally different soils was significantly correlated with saturated hydraulic conductivity at both the depths. Dispersion ratio was found to decrease with an increase in fineness of the texture of soil and the lowest value was recorded in silty clay loam soil,which decreased with depth. The modulus of rupture was significantly negatively correlative with the dispersion ratio.There was no role of calcium carbonate in influencing the values of MOR of soils. Similarly,the influence of pH, EC and SAR of soil solution on MOR was non-significant.A perusal of thevalues of the correlations between MOR and different soil properties showed that the MOR of soils of Haryana are positively correlated with silt + clay (r = 0.805) followed by water-stable aggregates (r = 0.774), organic carbon (r = 0.738), silt (r = 0.711), mean weight diameter (r = 0.608) and clay (r = 0.593) while negatively correlated with dispersion ratio (r = - 0.872), sand (r = -0.801) and hydraulic conductivity (r = -0.752) of soils.

Soil properties following long-term application of stockpiled feedlot manure containing straw or wood-chip bedding under barley silage production

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Miller ◽  
B. W. Beasley ◽  
C. F. Drury ◽  
X. Hao ◽  
F. J. Larney
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Bedding Material ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Silage Production ◽  
Total Organic C

Miller, J. J., Beasley, B. W., Drury, C. F., Hao, X. and Larney, F. J. 2014. Soil properties following long-term application of stockpiled feedlot manure containing straw or wood-chip bedding under barley silage production. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 389–402. The influence of long-term land application of stockpiled feedlot manure (SM) containing either wood-chip (SM-WD) or straw (SM-ST) bedding on soil properties during the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) silage growing season is unknown. The main objective of our study was determine the effect of bedding material in stockpiled manure (i.e., SM-WD vs. SM-ST) on certain soil properties. A secondary objective was to determine if organic amendments affected certain soil properties compared with unamended soil. Stockpiled feedlot manure with SM-WD or SM-ST bedding at 77 Mg (dry wt) ha−1 yr−1 was annually applied for 13 to 14 yr to a clay loam soil in a replicated field experiment in southern Alberta. There was also an unamended control. Soil properties were measured every 2 wk during the 2011 and 2012 growing season. Properties included water-filled pore space (WFPS), total organic C and total N, NH4-N and NO3-N, water-soluble non-purgeable organic C (NPOC), water-soluble total N (WSTN), denitrification (acetylene inhibition method), and CO2 flux. The most consistent and significant (P≤0.05) bedding effects on soil properties in both years occurred for total organic C, C:N ratio, and WSTN. Total organic C and C:N ratio were generally greater for SM-WD than SM-ST, and the reverse trend occurred for WSTN. Bedding effects on other soil properties (WFPS, NH4-N, NO3-N, NPOC) occurred in 2012, but not in 2011. Total N, daily denitrification, and daily CO2 flux were generally unaffected by bedding material. Mean daily denitrification fluxes ranged from 0.9 to 1078 g N2O-N ha−1 d−1 for SM-ST, 0.8 to 326 g N2O-N ha−1 d−1 for SM-WD, and 0.6 to 250 g N2O-N ha−1 d−1 for the CON. Mean daily CO2 fluxes ranged from 5.3 to 43.4 kg CO2-C ha−1 d−1 for SM-WD, 5.5 to 26.0 kg CO2-C ha−1 d−1 for SM-ST, and from 0.5 to 6.8 kg CO2-C ha−1 d−1 for the CON. The findings from our study suggest that bedding material in feedlot manure may be a possible method to manage certain soil properties.

Crop yield and soil fertility as affected by papermill biosolids and liming by-products

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noura Ziadi ◽  
Bernard Gagnon ◽  
Judith Nyiraneza
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Organic C ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products

Ziadi, N., Gagnon, B. and Nyiraneza, J. 2013. Crop yield and soil fertility as affected by papermill biosolids and liming by-products. Can. J. Soil Sci. 93: 319–328. Papermill biosolids (PB) in combination with alkaline industrial residuals could benefit agricultural soils while diverting these biosolids from landfill. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the effect of three types of PB at rates of 0, 30, and 60 wet Mg ha−1, as well as five liming by-products at 3 wet Mg ha−1 along with 30 Mg PB ha−1 on crop yield, nutrient accumulation, and soil properties. De-inking paper biosolids (DB, C/N of 65) were applied to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and two combined PB (PB1, C/N of 31; and PB2, C/N of 14) were applied to dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), respectively. The liming by-products included lime mud (LM), wood ash (WA) from paper mills, commercial calcitic lime (CL), Mg dissolution by-product (MgD), and Mg smelting and electrolysis work (MgSE). Compared with the control, PB2 increased barley yield and total Mg and Na accumulation, and both PB increased plant N, P, and Ca accumulation in barley and dry bean. The impact of DB on soybean was limited. The addition of liming by-products to PB or DB did not affect crop attributes except the combination with MgSE, which severely reduced the growth of dry bean and, to a lesser extent, soybean. Soil NO3-N was immobilized following DB application, whereas there was a net release with both PB. Combining PB and liming by-products produced the greatest changes in soil properties at harvest. Generally, LM and CL raised pH and Mehlich-3 Ca, and MgSE caused a strong increase in Mehlich-3 Mg and Na and water-soluble Cl. When used with appropriate crops, biosolids from paper mills and alkaline residuals other than MgSE can efficiently enhance soil fertility by providing organic C and macronutrients for balanced crop fertilization.

scholarly journals Evaluation of CH4 Emission in Two Paddy Field Areas, Khonkaen and Ayutthaya, in Thailand

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Pongsathorn Sukdanont ◽  
Noppol Arunrat ◽  
Suphachai Amkha ◽  
Hatano Ryusuke
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Regional Prediction ◽  
Wide Range

It is well known that submerged soils emit high levels of methane (CH4) due to oxygen deprivation and free iron oxide causing a quick reduction. However, there are other soil properties that control the reduction processes in soil, especially the amount of soil organic carbon (SOC). This study aimed to investigate the major factors controlling CH4 production potential (CH4PP) in Thai paddy fields. Two provinces, Ayutthaya, a clay soil region, and Khonkaen, a sandy soil region, were selected to represent a wide range of soil textures. Soil characteristic analysis pre- and post-incubation, and weekly gas detection in an incubation experiment over two months, was conducted. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was employed to analyze major soil factors controlling CH4PP. For the regional prediction of CH4PP, a map dataset of Ayutthaya and Khonkaen by the Land Development Department, Thailand, and a soil texture map (with intersected point data using the soil property map in ArcGIS) by OpenLandMap, were used. CH4PP was correlated with 1:10 pH, Fe2+, and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) measured after incubation. Although CH4PP showed no significant correlation with any soil properties measured before incubation, CH4PP was correlated with SOC, 1:10 electrical conductivity (EC), exchangeable ammonium (ExNH4), and sand content. It was thought that SOC and ExNH4 were related to organic matter decomposition, 1:10 EC was related to SO42− reduction and sand content was related to free oxides. Predicted regional CH4PP was similar in Ayutthaya and Khonkaen, although SOC, ExNH4 and 1:10 EC was higher, and sand content was lower in Ayutthaya than in Khonkaen. In both regions, the distribution of CH4PP corresponded to SOC, and CH4PP was lower with lower sand content and higher 1:10 EC. In clayey Ayutthaya, higher CH4PP was observed in the area with higher ExNH4. This indicates that soil properties other than soil texture and SOC influence CH4PP in the paddy fields in Thailand.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of soil carbon pools and fluxes in a channelized and a restored floodplain section (Thur River, Switzerland)

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1059-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Samaritani ◽  
J. Shrestha ◽  
B. Fournier ◽  
E. Frossard ◽  
F. Gillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Flood Disturbance ◽  
Organic C ◽  
C Pools ◽  
C Dynamics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gravel Bars

Abstract. Due to their spatial complexity and dynamic nature, floodplains provide a wide range of ecosystem functions. However, because of flow regulation, many riverine floodplains have lost their characteristic heterogeneity. Restoration of floodplain habitats and the rehabilitation of key ecosystem functions has therefore become a major goal of environmental policy. Many important ecosystem functions are linked to organic carbon (C) dynamics in riparian soils. The fundamental understanding of the factors that drive the processes involved in C cycling in heterogeneous and dynamic systems such as floodplains is however only fragmentary. We quantified soil organic C pools (microbial C and water extractable organic C) and fluxes (soil respiration and net methane production) in functional process zones of adjacent channelized and widened sections of the Thur River, NE Switzerland, on a seasonal basis. The objective was to assess how spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of these pools and fluxes relate to physicochemical soil properties on one hand, and to soil environmental conditions and flood disturbance on the other hand. Overall, factors related to seasonality and flooding (temperature, water content, organic matter input) affected soil C dynamics more than soil properties did. Coarse-textured soils on gravel bars in the restored section were characterized by low base-levels of organic C pools due to low TOC contents. However, frequent disturbance by flood pulses led to high heterogeneity with temporarily and locally increased pools and soil respiration. By contrast, in stable riparian forests, the finer texture of the soils and corresponding higher TOC contents and water retention capacity led to high base-levels of C pools. Spatial heterogeneity was low, but major floods and seasonal differences in temperature had additional impacts on both pools and fluxes. Soil properties and base levels of C pools in the dam foreland of the channelized section were similar to the gravel bars of the restored section. By contrast, spatial heterogeneity, seasonal effects and flood disturbance were similar to the forests, except for indications of high CH4 production that are explained by long travel times of infiltrating water favouring reducing conditions. Overall, the restored section exhibited both a larger range and a higher heterogeneity of organic C pools and fluxes as well as a higher plant biodiversity than the channelized section. This suggests that restoration has indeed led to an increase in functional diversity.

scholarly journals Influence of straw mulch application on the properties of a soil affected by a forest wildfire

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Lombao ◽  
Montserrat Díaz Raviña ◽  
Ángela Martín ◽  
Ana Barreiro ◽  
María Teresa Fontúrbel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Total N ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Minor

Mulching treatment is often recommended <ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T16:22">in order </ins>to reduce post-fire erosion and sediment<del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:45"></del> yields<ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:45">,</ins> but information concerning their effects on soil properties and hence on soil quality is scarce. In the present investigation<ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T16:22">,</ins> the influence of straw application on soil quality was evaluated <ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T16:22">on</ins><del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T16:22"></del><del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:46"> </del>hillslope shrubland <del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:46"></del>in Saviñao (Lugo, NW Spain)<ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:47"> </ins><del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:47"></del><del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:46"></del><ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:46">th</ins><ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T16:02">a</ins><ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:46">t is </ins>susceptible to <del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:46"></del>post-fire erosion (38% slope). In this area, <ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T16:04">which was </ins>affected by a medium-high severity wildfire in September 2012, different treatments with wheat straw <ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T16:03">were </ins>applied to the burnt soil in mulch strips (0.8 and 1 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>) <del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T16:03"></del><del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:50"></del><ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:50">using </ins>quadruplicate <ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:51">10 m x 40 m </ins><ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:49">plots </ins><del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:51"></del><del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:49"></del>and compared with the corresponding burnt untreated control. Soil samples were collected from the A horizon (0-2.5 cm depth) at different sampling times <del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T17:15"></del><ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T17:15">for 12 months</ins> after the wildfire<del cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T16:03"></del><ins cite="mailto:Michele%20Francis" datetime="2015-01-23T15:48">,</ins> and a wide range of physicochemical, chemical and biochemical soil properties (water retention, pH, electric conductivity, total C, <sup>13</sup>C, extractable C, water soluble C, soluble carbohydrates, total N, <sup>15</sup>N, microbial biomass C, soil respiration, bacterial activity, b-glucosidase, urease and phosphatase activities) were analyzed. The results showed that the application of straw mulch had a minor influence on the post-fire soil quality but, in contrast, the sampling time showed a significant influence attributed to short- and medium term changes in soil properties induced by both fire and climatic conditions.

Changes in phosphorus pools in three soils upon addition of legume residues differing in carbon/phosphorus ratio

Soil Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Alamgir ◽  
Petra Marschner
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Pools ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
High Concentrations

Previously we showed that addition of legume residues affected the size of different soil phosphorus (P) pools in an alkaline loamy sand soil. Here, we tested whether the changes in soil P pools induced by residue addition are generally applicable or whether they are dependent on certain soil properties. Three legume residues differing in P concentration, faba bean (Vicia faba L.) (high P), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) (medium P), and white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) (low P), were added at a rate of 20 g residue kg–1 soil to three different soils with low Colwell-P concentration: Mt Bold (sandy clay loam, high organic carbon (C) content, pH 5.1), Monarto (loamy sand, low organic C content, pH 7.5), and Langhorne Creek (sandy loam, low organic C content, pH 8.1). Soil P pools were assessed by sequential P fractionation on days 0 and 42. In residue-amended soils from day 0 to day 42, the concentrations of water-soluble and microbial P decreased, whereas the concentrations of NaHCO3-Pi (inorganic P) and NaOH-Po (organic P) increased. The magnitude of these changes differed among soils, being greatest in the Mt Bold soil. Residue addition had little or no effect on the concentrations of NaOH-Pi and residual P, which also did not change significantly over time. Principal component analysis of the data showed that the size of the P pools was related to soil properties; high concentrations of HCl-P were associated with high pH and calcium concentrations, high concentrations of NaOH-P and residual P were correlated with high aluminium, silt, organic C, and total nitrogen and P. In the unamended soil on day 0, the concentration of NaHCO3-Pi was correlated with the clay content, whereas on day 42, the concentrations of the labile P pools were related to amount of P added with the residues. It can be concluded that most effects of residue addition to soils on microbial activity and growth and soil P pools can be generalised across the three soil used in this study, but that the size of the P pools is affected by soil properties such as organic C content, pH, and texture.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of soil carbon pools and fluxes in a channelized and a restored floodplain section (Thur River, Switzerland)

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1757-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Samaritani ◽  
J. Shrestha ◽  
B. Fournier ◽  
E. Frossard ◽  
F. Gillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Flood Disturbance ◽  
Organic C ◽  
C Pools ◽  
C Dynamics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gravel Bars

Abstract. Due to their spatial complexity and dynamic nature, floodplains provide a wide range of ecosystem functions. However, because of flow regulation, many riverine floodplains have lost their characteristic heterogeneity. Restoration of floodplain habitats and the rehabilitation of key ecosystem functions, many of them linked to organic carbon (C) dynamics in riparian soils, has therefore become a major goal of environmental policy. The fundamental understanding of the factors that drive the processes involved in C cycling in heterogeneous and dynamic systems such as floodplains is however only fragmentary. We quantified soil organic C pools (microbial C and water extractable organic C) and fluxes (soil respiration and net methane production) in functional process zones of adjacent channelized and widened sections of the Thur River, NE Switzerland, on a seasonal basis. The objective was to assess how spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of these pools and fluxes relate to physicochemical soil properties on one hand, and to soil environmental conditions and flood disturbance on the other hand. Overall, factors related to seasonality and flooding (temperature, water content, organic matter input) affected soil C dynamics more than soil properties did. Coarse-textured soils on gravel bars in the restored section were characterized by low base-levels of organic C pools due to low TOC contents. However, frequent disturbance by flood pulses led to high heterogeneity with temporarily and locally increased C pools and soil respiration. By contrast, in stable riparian forests, the finer texture of the soils and corresponding higher TOC contents and water retention capacity led to high base-levels of C pools. Spatial heterogeneity was low, but major floods and seasonal differences in temperature had additional impacts on both pools and fluxes. Soil properties and base levels of C pools in the dam foreland of the channelized section were similar to the gravel bars of the restored section. By contrast, spatial heterogeneity, seasonal effects and flood disturbance were similar to the forests, except for indications of high CH4 production that are explained by long travel times of infiltrating water favoring reducing conditions. Overall, the restored section exhibited both a larger range and a higher heterogeneity of organic C pools and fluxes as well as a higher plant biodiversity than the channelized section. This suggests that restoration has indeed led to an increase in functional diversity.

scholarly journals The role of antioxidant molecules in the treatment of male infertility and the preparation of a man for conception

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
S. I. Gamidov ◽  
T. V. Shatylko ◽  
K. I. Li ◽  
N. G. Gasanov
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements

Empirical therapy of male infertility is used as a stand-alone type of treatment in idiopathic infertility, and in other situations can complement basic therapy. There are well-known pathogenetic methods of male infertility treatment applied in case of reproductive gland infection, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, ejaculation disorders. However, the prospects of empirical treatment of male infertility are not fully clear. Combined antioxidant drugs are very popular, which include a wide range of similar substances. However, their molecules significantly differ from each other in structure, chemical properties and set of biological functions, therefore, there is a number of questions that deserve separate discussion regarding their compatibility with each other. Antioxidants such as various water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins, coenzyme Q10, zinc and carnitines are widely used in its composition to reduce sperm damage caused by oxidative stress. They are widely available and inexpensive compared to other methods of treatment. Although there are no results of large randomized controlled trials yet, there is some evidence that taking oral antioxidoidants improves the basic parameters of sperm and increases the frequency of childbirth. There are many antioxidant supplements in different dosage forms, with different compositions and modes of use. In this article, we have analyzed the effect of the main antioxidant substances used on semen parameters, the need for their combined use and the role of these substances in the body.

The Problem of Identifying and Modeling the Relationship between Monetary Factor and Inflation in the Russian Economy

2008 ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
A. Porshakov ◽  
A. Ponomarenko
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Money Demand ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Supply Side Factors

The role of monetary factor in generating inflationary processes in Russia has stimulated various debates in social and scientific circles for a relatively long time. The authors show that identification of the specificity of relationship between money and inflation requires a complex approach based on statistical modeling and involving a wide range of indicators relevant for the price changes in the economy. As a result a model of inflation for Russia implying the decomposition of inflation dynamics into demand-side and supply-side factors is suggested. The main conclusion drawn is that during the recent years the volume of inflationary pressures in the Russian economy has been determined by the deviation of money supply from money demand, rather than by money supply alone. At the same time, monetary factor has a long-run spread over time impact on inflation.

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