Prevalence of HIV and other sexually transmissible infections in relation to lemon or lime juice douching among female sex workers in Jos, Nigeria

Sexual Health ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin Imade ◽  
Atiene Sagay ◽  
Daniel Egah ◽  
Viola Onwuliri ◽  
Matthew Grigg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Post Test

Background: The rates of sexually transmissible infections (STI), including HIV, are high among female sex workers (FSW) in Nigeria and the use of various local vaginal cleansing agents to prevent infection is a common practice. The present study was aimed at determining whether any association exists between current lime or lemon douching and the prevalence of STI and HIV infections among FSW in Jos, Nigeria. Methods: Consenting FSW who were users of lemon or lime (UL) or non-users (NUL) were recruited for the study between May and September 2006. A structured questionnaire was administered by trained counsellors. Pre-HIV test counselling was done. Participant’s blood samples were tested for HIV and syphilis. Genital examination was done and high vaginal and endocervical samples were collected. The samples obtained were processed for STI using standard laboratory procedures. FSW found with treatable STI received free drugs. HIV results were disclosed after post-test counselling and positive FSW were referred to a HIV/AIDS facility for care, support and antiretroviral therapy. Results: A total of 398 FSW (86 UL and 312 NUL) participated in the study. Their mean age was 27.6 ± 7.0 years (range 16–63 years). HIV prevalence was high for both UL and NUL: 48.8 and 48.2%, respectively (odds ratio 1.0; 95% confidence interval 0.6–1.2, P = 0.9427). The rates of bacterial vaginosis were not significantly higher in UL (UL 55.8%, NUL 44.0%, odds ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 0.96–2.65, P = 0.06). There were no associations between the use of citrus douching and other STI. Conclusion: There were no significant associations between the prevalence of STI and HIV and lime or lemon juice usage.

Effects of periodic presumptive treatment on three bacterial sexually transmissible infections and HIV among female sex workers in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea

Sexual Health ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Bruce ◽  
Ludwina Bauai ◽  
Andrew Masta ◽  
Poyap J. Rooney ◽  
Michael Paniu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Presumptive Treatment ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Port Moresby

Background Sexually transmissible infections (STI) are common in female sex workers (FSW). Aim: To determine if 3-monthly periodic presumptive treatments (PPT) would reduce the prevalence of STI in FSW. Methods: In a cohort study conducted between November 2003 and September 2004, FSW were enrolled, counselled and interviewed. Informed consent was obtained. Testing by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) and Trichomonas vaginalis (Tv), and serology for HIV were performed at baseline and final follow-up visits. Each FSW received 3-monthly oral amoxicillin, probenecid, a combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, and azithromycin. Tinidazole was administered once. Results: The cohort consisted of 129 FSW at baseline and 71 at final follow-up visit. Of these 71 FSW, there was a significant decline in the proportion with positive PCR results for Ct from 38% to 16% (P = 0.001), Ng from 56% to 23% (P = <0.001) and Tv from 62% to 30% (P = <0.001) between baseline and the final follow-up visit. HIV prevalence increased from 15% to 21% (P = 0.125). Conclusions: PPT was statistically effective in reducing STI but rates rebounded rapidly. Several new HIV infections occurred. If PPT is to be very effective in FSW where the prevalence of STI is so high, then 100% condom use with clients and regular sexual partners (RSP), and high rates of notification of RSP would be required if low incidence and prevalence of STI were to be achievable.

Cross-sectional survey of Chinese-speaking and Thai-speaking female sex workers in Sydney, Australia: factors associated with consistent condom use

Sexual Health ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind Foster ◽  
Lynne McCormack ◽  
Caroline Thng ◽  
Handan Wand ◽  
Anna McNulty
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Vaginal Sex ◽  
Sydney Australia ◽  
Sex Practices

Background Previous studies have described inconsistent condom use in Chinese- and Thai-speaking female sex workers in Sydney, Australia. In the present study, we describe the demographics and safe sexual practices in the Chinese- and Thai-speaking female sex workers attending the Sydney Sexual Health Centre (SSHC) in 2014–15. Methods: A self-completed 60-item anonymous questionnaire, adapted from previous surveys conducted in 1993 and 2003, was translated into Chinese and Thai and administered to female sex workers attending the SSHC or seen on outreach. Results: In all, 488 surveys were distributed, of which 435 were returned; 43% in Chinese and 57% in Thai. Most women did not plan on sex work before their arrival in Australia. Compared with Chinese-speaking women, Thai-speaking women rated themselves higher on English language literacy, had better knowledge of the transmission of HIV and sexually transmissible infections (STIs) and were more likely to practice 100% condom use. Overall, 72% of the sex workers surveyed reported consistent condom use for vaginal sex at work. Conclusions: Consistent condom use for vaginal sex at work among Chinese- and Thai-speaking female sex workers has decreased slightly from that reported in a similar survey conducted by the SSHC in 2003, when 85% of sex workers reported consistent condom use. There are significant differences between Chinese- and Thai-speaking sex workers in terms of both knowledge and safer sex practices. Ongoing health promotion efforts should focus on providing culturally appropriate education around STIs and safe sex practices not only to workers, but also to parlour owners, managers and consumers.

scholarly journals Systematic Differences in HIV, Syphilis and Risk Behaviors among Street Based and Establishment Based Female Sex Workers in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-630
Author(s):  
Sampurna Kakchapati ◽  
Tarun Paudel ◽  
Manju Maharjan ◽  
Apiradee Lim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Inconsistent Condom ◽  
Hiv Intervention ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hiv Test

Background: Female Sex Workers (FSWs) are main drivers of the HIV epidemic in Nepal. The work environment of sex work in Nepal is differentiated into establishment based (e.g. massage parlors, dance restaurants, hotels and lodges) and street based (e.g. streets, parks and markets). The study compares HIV, syphilis and risk behaviours among establishment-based FSWs and street-based FSWs in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal.Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional bio-behavioral surveys in 2006, 2008, 2011 and 2015 aimed to sample 2093 FSWs using two stage cluster sampling in the Kathmandu valley. Statistical analysis used chi-squared tests and logistic regression models to assess differences of HIV, syphilis and risk behaviors among street-based FSWs and establishment-based FSWs.Results: The study included 39.7% street-based FSWs and 60.3% establishment-based FSWs. The street-based FSWs had lower education levels, older age groups, separated, longer duration of sex work and inconsistent condom used with clients than establishment-based FSWs (p<0.05). Establishment-based FSWs were lower exposure to HIV intervention programs and pervasive alcohol consumption and use of drugs (p<0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that street-based FSWs were more likely of HIV test (aOR=1.25, 95%CI=1.04, 1.49), HIV (aOR=4.72, 95%CI=2.19, 10.15) and syphilis (aOR=7.96, 95%CI=3.49, 18.15) than establishment-based FSWs.Conclusion: Street-based FSWs possessed higher risk behaviour and have higher HIV and syphilis prevalence. HIV prevention interventions targeting FSWs should consider risks and vulnerability of street-based FSWs.

scholarly journals STI/HIV test result disclosure between female sex workers and their primary, non-commercial male partners in two Mexico-US border cities: a prospective study

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A Pines ◽  
Thomas L Patterson ◽  
Gudelia Rangel ◽  
Gustavo Martinez ◽  
Angela R Bazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Test Result

scholarly journals Screening for Acute HIV Infections and Estimating HIV Incidence among Female Sex Workers from Low-Grade Venues in Guangxi, China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e99522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Li ◽  
Hongman Zhang ◽  
Zhiyong Shen ◽  
Yuejiao Zhou ◽  
Ningye Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Hiv Incidence ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Acute Hiv

scholarly journals Preventive Behavior of Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS Among Female Sex Workers in Gianyar Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Luh Gede Pradnyawati
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
Stis And Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Research conducted in 2018 regarding the use of condoms among female sex workers (FSW) in Sanur, Denpasar City, found that condom use had beed promoted, but there were still FSW who did not use condoms when dealing with customers. Gianyar Regency is an area with the second highest direct FSW after Denpasar City. Gianyar Regency has many locations and points of sexual transactions. One of the wellknown locaizations in Gianyar Regency is the one along the Baypass Ida Bagus Mantra. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an exploratory study of STIs and HIV/AIDS prevention behavior in female sex workers in Gianyar Regency. This study used a qualitative method with purposive sampling technique on 15 informants consisting of female sex workers, pimps and friends/customers by conducting indepth interviews. The results showed that even though the use of condoms had been encouraged, there were also participants who did not use condoms when dealing with custumors. They mostly argued that their partners did not like the use of condoms in sexual intercourse. The low use of condoms is related to economic factors. If they use a condoms for sexual intercourse, it will reduce the income of FSW. In the prevention of STIs and HIV/AIDS, most FSW never did an HIV test

Group sex events among female sex workers in Melbourne, Australia

Sexual Health ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 534
Author(s):  
Evelyn M. Turek ◽  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
Marjan Tabesh ◽  
Tiffany R. Phillips ◽  
Eric P. F. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Group Sex

Background Group sex is associated with increased risk of HIV and sexually transmissible infections (STIs), but there is limited data on group sex among female sex workers (FSW). Understanding current group sex practices among FSW may assist with understanding and addressing the rise in STIs observed among Australian FSW in the 2010s. The aim of this study was to examine the proportion of FSWs who had engaged in group sex. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among FSWs attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Australia, between March and April 2019. Females aged ≥18 years who self-reported as a sex worker were invited to participate in the survey asking whether they had had group sex in the past 3 months. Group sex was defined as sex that involved two or more sexual partners. Results: Of the 51 FSWs who completed the survey, the median age was 29 years (IQR 24–34). Almost half (49%; n = 25) reported having group sex in the past 3 months, with a median number of group sex events of two (IQR 1–4). Australian-born FSW were more likely to report group sex than overseas-born FSW (76% vs 42%; P = 0.02). Age, number of paid clients and injecting drug use were not associated with group sex. Conclusion: The present study findings show that group sex is common among FSW and should be included in peer sexual health education and interventions among FSW.

Prevalence and associated factors of condom use during commercial sex by female sex workers who were or were not injecting drug users in China

Sexual Health ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T. F. Lau ◽  
Jing Gu ◽  
Hi Yi Tsui ◽  
Hongyao Chen ◽  
Eleanor Holroyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Inconsistent Condom ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Psychosocial Conditions ◽  
Inconsistent Condom Use

Objectives We compared the prevalence of inconsistent condom use during commercial sex between female sex workers (FSWs) who did or did not inject drugs (FSW-IDUs and FSW-NIDUs) and investigated factors associated with this inconsistent use within these two groups. Methods: Some 158 FSW-NIDUs recruited from sex work venues and 218 FSW-IDUs recruited via the snowball sampling method were interviewed anonymously. Results: Only 16.5% of the FSW-IDUs and 51.3% of the FSW-NIDUs had used condoms consistently during commercial sex in the last month (odds ratio (OR) = 0.19). Factors significantly associated with inconsistent condom use in both groups included: behavioural intention for condom use (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.05 and 0.13), condom unavailability (AOR = 4.77 and 5.33), a perceived need to engage in unprotected sex if the client paid more (AOR = 8.74 and 10.84) or insisted on demanding unprotected sex (AOR = 19.78 and 7.59), and submissive gender power (AOR = 11.65 and 2.58). One factor, perceived susceptibility (AOR = 2.64), was significant only among FSW-NIDUs, whereas perceived efficacy of condom use in preventing HIV transmission (AOR = 0.08), perceptions that peer FSWs would not use condoms with clients (AOR = 2.23), self-hatred (AOR = 2.25) and lack of social support (AOR = 2.93) were significant only among FSW-IDUs. Injecting with used syringes was also associated with inconsistent condom use among FSW-IDUs (AOR = 4.64). Conclusions: FSW-IDUs were more likely than FSW-NIDUs to possess the cognitive and psychosocial conditions associated with unprotected commercial sex. Interventions need to take these differences into account.

The prevalence of sexually transmissible infections among female sex workers from countries with low and high prevalences in Melbourne

Sexual Health ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiping Tang ◽  
Jane S. Hocking ◽  
Glenda Fehler ◽  
Hennriette Williams ◽  
Marcus Y. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Retrospective Data Analysis ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Centre Database ◽  
Low Prevalence

Objectives To assess the proportion of female sex workers (FSWs) from low-prevalence (‘other’) and high-prevalence countries (HPCs) for sexually transmissible infections (STIs) in Melbourne. Methods: Retrospective data analysis from the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre database for February 2002–May 2011. Results: Some 1702 HPC FSWs, 2594 other FSWs and 13 644 nonFSW women were included, with 12 891 and 21 611 consultations, respectively, for HPC FSWs and other FSWs. Proportions of HPC FSWs with chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis) (4.2% v. 3.3%, P = 0.14), gonorrhoea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) (0.24% v. 0.31%, P = 0.66) or trichomonas (0.65 v. 0.46, P = 0.42) at first visit were similar to those of other FSWs, but nonFSWs had a higher prevalence of chlamydia and gonorrhoea (P < 0.01). On return visits, chlamydia (1.2% v. 0.92%, P < 0.05) and gonorrhoea (0.29% v. 0.10%, P = <0.05) were more common in HPC FSWs than other FSWs. The presence of any of these STIs among FSWs was predicted by having private nonpaying partners in the last year (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.99 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.52–2.61)), having private partners from overseas (AOR: 1.69 (95% CI: 1.33–2.16)) and being a HPC FSW (AOR: 1.38 (95% CI: 1.12–1.72)). Injecting drug use was less common in HPC FSWs than in other FSWs (0.82% v. 16.54%, P < 0.0001). Conclusions: STI prevalence was low among FSWs from countries with high and low background STI. Among FSWs having private sex partners and private partners from overseas were the primary predictors for STIs.

scholarly journals Degree and correlates of sexual mixing in female sex workers in Karnataka, India

Sexual Health ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidhubhusan Mahapatra ◽  
Catherine M. Lowndes ◽  
Kaveri Gurav ◽  
Banadakoppa M. Ramesh ◽  
Stephen Moses ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
The Difference

Background The degree of sexual mixing plays an important role in understanding disparities in sexually transmissible infections and HIV across social groups. This study examines the degree of sexual age mixing, and explores its individual and partnership level correlates among female sex workers (FSWs) in Karnataka, India. Methods: Data were drawn from special behavioural surveys conducted in 2006–07 among 577 FSWs in two districts of Karnataka: Belgaum and Bangalore. Sexual mixing in age was assessed as the difference in age between FSWs and their sexual partners, and the degree of assortativeness in sexual mixing was assessed using Newman’s assortativity coefficient. Results: A total of 577 FSWs were interviewed; 418 of whom reported two or more partnerships, resulting in 942 partnerships. In about half (52%) of these partnerships, the age difference between the FSW and her sexual partner was 5 years or more. The degree of assortativity in age mixing was 0.098, indicating minimally assortative mixing. The disassortativeness in age mixing was positively associated with young age and no formal education, and negatively with duration in sex work. Partnerships which were of a commercial nature were more likely to be disassortative than noncommercial partnerships. Conclusion: The minimally assortative age mixing indicates sexually transmissible infections can transfer from members of one age group to another. Efforts are required to limit the transmission of infection from one group to other by promoting safer sexual behaviour.

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