Gintarasia and Xalocoa, two new genera to accommodate temperate to subtropical species in the predominantly tropical Graphidaceae (Ostropales, Ascomycota)

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaphan Kraichak ◽  
Sittiporn Parnmen ◽  
Robert Lücking ◽  
H. Thorsten Lumbsch

The phylogenetic placement of Chapsa lamellifera, C. megalophthalma and Diploschistes ocellatus was studied using a dataset of five genetic markers (mtSSU, nuLSU, RPB1, RPB2 and ITS). As extratropical species occurring in Australasia, C. lamellifera and C. megalophthalma differ from other species in that genus by having relatively large ascomata with muriform ascospores and complex chemistry of either the protocetraric or stictic acids chemosyndrome. D. ocellatus is unique within Diploschistes, in lacking lateral paraphyses and containing the norstictic acid chemosyndrome. Previous phylogenetic analysis gave inconclusive results regarding the phylogenetic position of these taxa, and hence in the present study, a larger sampling of molecular markers was employed. Our results demonstrated that the two Chapsa species and D. ocellatus are not part of their current genera. Consequently, the new genera Gintarasia Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch and Xalocoa Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch are described to accommodate these species. The new combinations Gintarasia lamellifera (Kantvilas & Vězda) Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch, G. lordhowensis (Mangold) Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch, G. megalophthalma (Müll. Arg.) Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch and Xalocoa ocellata (Vill.) Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch are also proposed.

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuankun Li ◽  
David K. Yeates

Bombyliinae, one of the largest subfamilies of Bombyliidae, including 78 genera assigned to four tribes, is distributed on all continents except Antarctica. Their larvae are parasitoids, and adults are important pollinators. The Australian Bombyliinae currently has 17 described genera and 87 described species. The purpose of this study is to establish the phylogeny of the Australian members of the subfamily Bombyliinae, including the boundaries and relationships of the genera, using morphological characters. One maximum parsimony tree was generated from 83 morphological characters scored for 50 species, representing all recognised genera and some unplaced species that we considered may represent new genera. Phylogenetic analysis recovered the relationships between the recognised Australian genera of Bombyliinae and clarified generic limits. The group comprises five main clades, with the genus Pilosia being sister to the remaining Bombyliinae. On the basis of this analysis, four new genera are described: Lambkinomyia Li & Yeates, gen. nov., Dissodesma Bowden & Li, gen. nov., Nigromyia Li & Yeates, gen. nov. and Robertsmyia Li & Yeates, gen. nov. Ten new species are described: Dissodesma immaculata Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Dissodesma flava Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Dissodesma smarti Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia collessi Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia crocea Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia flavimana Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia longistriata Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia pantherina Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia parva Li & Yeates, sp. nov. and Nigromyia tomentosa Li & Yeates, sp. nov. Two new junior synonyms are identified: Apiformyia is a junior synonym of Eristalopsis and Brychosoma is a junior synonym of Staurostichus. The following new combinations are proposed: from Apiformyia: Eristalopsis australis (Yeates), comb. nov.; from Bombylius: Dissodesma primogenita (Walker) comb. nov.; from Brychosoma: Staurostichus aureolatus (Walker), comb. nov., Staurostichus hilaris (Walker), comb. nov. and Staurostichus pictipennis (Macquart), comb. nov.; from Laurella: Robertsmyia pallidoventris (Roberts), comb. nov.; from Mandella: Lambkinomyia cinctiventris (Roberts), comb. nov., Lambkinomyia flavovillosa (Roberts), comb. nov., Lambkinomyia pallida (Roberts), comb. nov. and Lambkinomyia rubida (Roberts), comb. nov.; and from Meomyia: Mandella australis (Guérin-Méneville), comb. nov. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E4A86A19-4AC3-498C-8BDF-B8B501E5A248


2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-566
Author(s):  
James H Peniston ◽  
Emily A Ellis ◽  
Celia K C Churchill ◽  
M Desmond Ramirez ◽  
Todd H Oakley

Abstract We collected the ostracod Alternochelata lizardensis Kornicker 1982 via sediment sampling and evening plankton tows at Lizard Island, Queensland, Australia. While only previously described from samples that lost their natural color, we report males of the species to have bright green bundles of pigment throughout the inner carapace membrane and at specific locations on the ostracod’s body and an unusually colorless and translucent carapace. Females have a heavier carapace and some green pigmentation. We found, in a morphological phylogenetic analysis of Rutidermatidae, that A. lizardensis is part of a paraphyletic grade with other species of Alternochelata Kornicker, 1958 and Scleraner Kornicker, 1975. The analysis also supports a monophyletic Rutiderma Brady & Norman, 1896. We also explored with microscopic and bioinformatic techniques the nature of the unusual green coloration of A. lizardensis and tested the hypothesis that it harbors photosynthetic symbionts. We first sequenced RNA extracted from the entire body of females and searched for genetic markers of possible photobionts. We found genetic matches for two species of cyanobacteria commonly found in seawater. Using fluorescent confocal microscopy to search for chlorophyll autofluorescence in the green patches, we nevertheless found no evidence for the presence of chlorophyll. From these analyses, we concluded there is no evidence that A. lizardensis harbors photosynthetic symbionts suggesting the green coloration is due to something besides photosynthetic symbionts. The framework we present here is nevertheless applicable for other taxa where photobionts are suspected.


2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Xuankun Li ◽  
David K. Yeates

Bombyliinae, one of the largest subfamilies of Bombyliidae, including 78 genera assigned to four tribes, is distributed on all continents except Antarctica. Their larvae are parasitoids, and adults are important pollinators. The Australian Bombyliinae currently has 17 described genera and 87 described species. The purpose of this study is to establish the phylogeny of the Australian members of the subfamily Bombyliinae, including the boundaries and relationships of the genera, using morphological characters. One maximum parsimony tree was generated from 83 morphological characters scored for 50 species, representing all recognised genera and some unplaced species that we considered may represent new genera. Phylogenetic analysis recovered the relationships between the recognised Australian genera of Bombyliinae and clarified generic limits. The group comprises five main clades, with the genus Pilosia being sister to the remaining Bombyliinae. On the basis of this analysis, four new genera are described: Lambkinomyia Li & Yeates, gen. nov., Dissodesma Bowden & Li, gen. nov., Nigromyia Li & Yeates, gen. nov. and Robertsmyia Li & Yeates, gen. nov. Ten new species are described: Dissodesma immaculata Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Dissodesma flava Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Dissodesma smarti Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia collessi Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia crocea Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia flavimana Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia longistriata Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia pantherina Li & Yeates, sp. nov., Nigromyia parva Li & Yeates, sp. nov. and Nigromyia tomentosa Li & Yeates, sp. nov. Two new junior synonyms are identified: Apiformyia is a junior synonym of Eristalopsis and Brychosoma is a junior synonym of Staurostichus. The following new combinations are proposed: from Apiformyia: Eristalopsis australis (Yeates), comb. nov.; from Bombylius: Dissodesma primogenita (Walker) comb. nov.; from Brychosoma: Staurostichus aureolatus (Walker), comb. nov., Staurostichus hilaris (Walker), comb. nov. and Staurostichus pictipennis (Macquart), comb. nov.; from Laurella: Robertsmyia pallidoventris (Roberts), comb. nov.; from Mandella: Lambkinomyia cinctiventris (Roberts), comb. nov., Lambkinomyia flavovillosa (Roberts), comb. nov., Lambkinomyia pallida (Roberts), comb. nov. and Lambkinomyia rubida (Roberts), comb. nov.; and from Meomyia: Mandella australis (Guérin-Méneville), comb. nov. <a ext-link-type=


ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 985 ◽  
pp. 71-126
Author(s):  
Jose I. Martinez

The endemic Neotropical genus Gaujonia Dognin is revised. Morphological characters and a phylogenetic analysis demonstrate paraphyletic relationships among the species. Four different groups are interpreted to represent four different genera. The G. arbosi group is the only remaining clade in the genus Gaujonia, and the other groups have been arranged into three new genera: Milleranagen. nov., Oculicattusgen. nov., and Cicadoformagen. nov. Additionally, two other genera Cicadomorphusgen. nov., and Gaujopteragen. nov. were found using morphological and molecular analyses based on some specimens that were misidentified as Gaujonia spp. A total of five new genera, three new combinations (Cicadoforma vau-nigrum Hampson, comb. nov., Oculicattus renifera Hampson, comb. nov., and Millerana arbosioides Dognin, comb. nov.) and 21 new species (Cicadoforma ocelotussp. nov., Cicadomorphus chicharrasp. nov., Cicadomorphus chuyasp. nov., Cicadomorphus falkasiskasp. nov., Cicadomorphus lilianaesp. nov., Gaujonia bichusp. nov., Gaujonia chiqyaqsp. nov., Gaujonia kanakusikasp. nov., Gaujonia sourakovisp. nov., Gaujoptera amsasp. nov., Millerana austinisp. nov., Millerana cajassp. nov., Millerana cundinamarquensissp. nov., Millerana matthewsaesp. nov., Millerana tigrinasp. nov., Oculicattus bolivianasp. nov., Oculicattus brehmisp. nov., Oculicattus incasp. nov., Oculicattus raizaesp. nov., Oculicattus schmidtisp. nov., and Oculicattus uturunkusp. nov.) are established.


2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohan Pillon ◽  
Helen C.F. Hopkins ◽  
Jérôme Munzinger ◽  
Mark W. Chase

A phylogenetic analysis was conducted on the tribe Spiraeanthemeae (Cunoniaceae) to clarify relationships of Acsmithia and Spiraeanthemum. Three molecular markers, one plastid region (trnL intron and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer) and two nuclear single copy genes (ncpGS and PHYC), were sequenced for this purpose. The independent analysis of the three markers and a combined analysis all showed that Acsmithia is paraphyletic since Spiraeanthemum is nested within it. A morphological survey of all species in the tribe confirmed the existence of two groups within Acsmithia. One comprises the species from Australia, New Guinea, and A. densiflora from New Caledonia and is characterised by multiple ovules per carpel. The other group contains all the remaining New Caledonian species plus A. vitiensis from Fiji and is characterized by a single ovule per carpel. The study shows that characters previously used to distinguish Acsmithia and Spiraenthemum, phyllotaxy and sexual system, are homoplasious as in several other groups of Cunoniaceae. A broad circumscription of the genus Spiraeanthemum is adopted here that includes the species formerly placed in Acsmithia. Two new combinations are proposed: Spiraeanthemum collinum and Spiraeanthemum meridionale. Spiraeanthemum austrocaledonicum is considered a synonym of Spiraeanthemum densiflorum.


Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Kundrata ◽  
Alexander S. Prosvirov ◽  
Dominik Vondracek ◽  
Eliska Sormova

Senodoniini is a small lineage of click beetles currently comprising 21 species in two genera, distributed in the Himalayas and East and Southeast Asia. The definition and limits of this group have changed considerably during its history. Recent authors treat Senodoniini as a tribe within Dendrometrinae, usually close to Dimini, but this placement has never been rigorously tested. Here, we shed new light on the systematic position and limits of Senodoniini by performing a combined phylogenetic analysis of two nuclear and two mitochondrial molecular markers. Our results recovered Senodoniini not monophyletic, and placed them into the Lissominae complex, where they formed a clade with Austrelater Calder & Lawrence (Protelaterini). Molecular phylogeny is in agreement with the adult morphology. Additionally, we examined the morphology of a monotypic genus Rostricephalus Fleutiaux from Southeast Asia, which was previously classified in various Elateridae groups including Senodoniini, and its position was always uncertain. This genus shares morphological characters with Protelaterini. We provide morphological redescriptions as well as the figures of main diagnostic characters for Senodonia Laporte, Sossor Candèze, and Rostricephalus. Based on our results, we place these genera to Lissominae: Protelaterini, and hence synonymize Senodoniini Schenkling with Protelaterini Schwarz.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiumei Lu ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Xingyue Liu

AbstractBabinskaiidae is an extinct family of the lacewing superfamily Myrmeleontoidea, currently only recorded from the Cretaceous. The phylogenetic position of this family is elusive, with inconsistent inferences in previous studies. Here we report on three new genera and species of Babinskaiidae from the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber of Myanmar, namely Calobabinskaia xiai gen. et sp. nov., Stenobabinskaia punctata gen. et sp. nov., and Xiaobabinskaia lepidotricha gen. et sp. nov. These new babinskaiids are featured by having specialized characters, such as the rich number of presectoral crossveins and the presence of scaly setae on forewing costal vein, which have not yet been found in this family. The exquisite preservation of the Kachin amber babinskaiids facilitate a reappraisal of the phylogenetic placement of this family based on adult morphological characters. Our result from the phylogenetic inference combining the data from fossil and extant myrmeleontoids recovered a monophyletic clade composed of Babinskaiidae and another extinct family Cratosmylidae, and further assigned this clade to be sister group to a clade including Nemopteridae, Palaeoleontidae, and Myrmeleontidae. Babinskaiidae appears to be a transitional lineage between Nymphidae and advanced myrmeleontoids, with ancient morphological diversification.


2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela RODRIGUEZ FLAKUS ◽  
Christian PRINTZEN

AbstractNon-saxicolous lecideoid lichens form a diverse and polyphyletic group of species with a worldwide distribution. The phylogenetic relationships of the taxa and major clades are still largely unresolved. Here we introduce a new genus Palicella Rodr. Flakus & Printzen for Lecidea glaucopa Hook. f. & Tayl. and two closely related species. Our molecular phylogenetic results, based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic trees, and a combined dataset of five gene loci (ITS, nrLSU, mrSSU, RPB1 and RPB2), indicate that Palicella forms a monophyletic clade sister to Lecanora symmicta and Pyrrhospora quernea. The new genus is characterized by biatorine apothecia, which are often darkened (by the pigment Cinereorufa-green), an exciple of radiating, narrow hyphae with strongly elongate lumina, a hymenium with branched and sparsely anastomosed paraphyses, an ascus with a broad axial body surrounded by a distinct darker staining layer, and narrowly ellipsoid ascospores. Atranorin is present in all, usnic acid in two and pannarin in one species of the genus. Three new combinations are proposed: Palicella filamentosa (Stirt.) Rodr. Flakus & Printzen, P. glaucopa (Hook. f. & Taylor) Rodr. Flakus & Printzen, and P. schizochromatica (Pérez-Ortega, T. Sprib. & Printzen) Rodr. Flakus & Printzen. The molecular phylogenetic analysis confirms that Lecidea hercynica Hauck & Schmull is a synonym of P. filamentosa. An identification key to the species is provided.


Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4796 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-322
Author(s):  
RENATO JOSE PIRES MACHADO ◽  
JOHN DAVID OSWALD

The species of the former antlion subtribe Periclystina (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) are revised. Prior to this work Periclystina comprised 10 genera and 63 species endemic to Australia (62 spp.) and New Guinea (1 sp.). In this work two former genera are synonymized and four new genera are proposed (for a total of 12 valid genera), and six former species are synonymized and 16 new species are proposed (for a total of 73 valid species). A parsimony analysis utilizing 62 morphological characters is used to infer phylogenetic relationships among all 73 species, and suitable outgroups. Based on the results of the phylogenetic analysis, the tribal and/or generic assignments of 55 (75%) of former Periclystina species are modified here. Periclystina and its two largest genera—Austrogymnocnemia and Glenoleon—were all recovered as polyphyletic in their former circumscriptions. Ten species—placed here in six genera: Anomaloplectron, Csiroleon, Fissuleon gen. nov., Franzenia, Fusoleon and Latileon gen. nov.—clustered phylogenetically with Acanthoplectron and are transferred to the tribe Acanthoplectrini. The remaining 63 species—placed in six additional genera: Austrogymnocnemia, Glenoleon, Megagonoleon gen. nov., Minyleon gen. nov., Periclystus and Riekoleon—form a monophyletic Periclystus genus group and are transferred to the tribe Dendroleontini. All 73 species are (re)described and illustrated. New identification keys are provided for the tribes of Dendroleontinae, for the Australian genera of Acanthoplectrini and Dendroleontini, and for each of the non-monotypic genera treated. In addition, five new lectotypes are designated and 35 new combinations are created. 


Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2717 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIRI HULCR ◽  
A. I. COGNATO

As part of an ongoing genus-level revision of Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Scolytinae), we combined a recent molecular phylogenetic analysis of the tribe (Cognato et al., 2011) with extensive analysis of  morphological characters (over 44,000 representatives of 281 putative species of Xyleborini examined, including 264 types). For the first time, an operational species concept of Xyleborini is explicitly addressed.        The following new genera are proposed: Debus Hulcr and Cognato, gen. n.Fortiborus Hulcr and Cognato, gen. n.Planiculus Hulcr and Cognato, gen. n.Truncaudum Hulcr and Cognato, gen. n.Wallacellus Hulcr and Cognato, gen. n.         Thirty one new combinations and 29 synonymies are given. Cyclorhipidion pelliculosum (Eichhoff), comb. n.Cyclorhipidion sus (Schedl), comb. n.Debus adusticollis (Motschulsky), comb. n.Debus emarginatus (Eichhoff), comb. n.Debus fallax (Eichhoff), comb. n. (=Xyleborus fastigatus Schedl, syn. n.)Debus pseudocylindricus (Eggers) comb. n.Debus pumilus (Eggers), comb. n. (=Xyleborus ipidia Schedl, syn. n., =Xyleborus cylindricus Eggers, syn. n.)Debus spinicornis (Schedl), comb. n.Euwallacea funereus (Lea), comb. n.Fortiborus anisopterae (Browne), comb. n.Fortiborus indigens (Schedl), comb. n.Fortiborus major (Stebbing), comb. n. (=Xyleborus siclus Schedl syn. n.)Fortiborus pilifer (Eggers), comb. n.(= Xyleborus pseudopilifer Schedl, syn. n.)Fortiborus sulcinoides (Schedl), comb. n.Microperus diversicolor (Eggers), comb. n. (Coptodryas atava (Schedl), syn. n., =Microperus myristicae (Schedl) syn. n.)Microperus intermedius (Eggers), comb. n. (=Coptodryas nitella (Browne), syn. n.)Microperus parvus (Lea), comb. n. (=Coptodryas libra (Eggers), syn. n., =Coptodryas pubipennis (Schedl), syn. n.)Microperus pometianus (Schedl), comb. n.Planiculus aries (Schedl), comb. n.Planiculus bicolor (Blandford), comb. n. (=Euwallacea filiformis (Schedl), syn. n., =Euwallacea laevis (Eggers), syn. n., =Euwallacea tumidus (Schedl), syn. n., =Xyleborus glabratulus Browne, syn. n.)Planiculus immersus (Schedl), comb. n. (=Xyleborus hashimotoi Browne, syn. n.)Planiculus limatus (Schedl), comb. n. (=Euwallacea subemarginatus (Eggers), syn. n., Euwallacea subparallelus (Eggers), syn. n.)Truncaudum agnatum (Eggers), comb. n. (=Cyclorhipidion delicatum (Schedl), syn. n., =Cyclorhipidion subagnatum Wood, syn. n., =Xyleborus gratiosus Schedl, syn. n.)Truncaudum impexum (Schedl), comb. n. (=Xyleborus dentatulus Browne, syn. n., =Xyleborus circumspinosus Schedl, syn. n., =Xyleborus falcarius Schedl, syn. n., =Xyleborus subdentatulus Browne, syn. n., =Xyleborus vernaculus Schedl, syn. n., =Xyleborus putputensis Browne, syn. n.)Truncaudum longior (Eggers), comb. n. (=Xyleborus canarivorus Browne, syn. n., =Xyleborus protii Browne, syn. n., =Xyleborus viaticus Schedl, syn. n.)Wallacellus piceus (Motschulsky), comb. n.Wallacellus similis (Ferrari), comb. n.Wallacellus striatulus (Browne), comb. n.The following species are given new status:Cyclorhipidion perlaetum (Schedl), resurrected replacement nameXyleborus judenkoi (Schedl), resurrected name.         We confirm the generic status of Cyclorhipidion californicum (Wood), comb. n.


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