Taxonomic revision of Pycnandra subgenus Trouettia (Sapotaceae), with six new species from New Caledonia

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Swenson ◽  
Jérôme Munzinger
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Ultramafic Soils ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Main Island ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Conservation Assessments

Pycnandra (Sapotaceae, Chrysophylloideae) is endemic to New Caledonia, with ~60 species, and is subdivided into five (or six) subgenera. Here, we revise P. subg. Trouettia and recognise 17 species of which six (P. bourailensis, P. caeruleilatex, P. confusa, P. elliptica, P. pubiflora and P. sessiliflora) are described as new and provide 10 new combinations. The subgenus is found only in Grande Terre, the main island of New Caledonia. The members occur in a wide range of habitats, from dry maquis vegetation to moist humid forest, from sea level to the higher massif, and all species except P. bourailensis and P. sarlinii are restricted to ultramafic soils. Pycnandra is characterised by the absence of staminodes, a single-seeded fruit, plano-convex cotyledons and the absence of endosperm. Pycnandra subg. Trouettia is distinguished on a character combination of several homoplastic features such as alternate and tomentulose leaves, pubescent ovary and a broad seed scar. The corolla is tomentulose on the outer surface of six species, a character shared with one species in P. subg. Achradotypus. Because of past and present mining activities in New Caledonia and because these species are restricted to habitats on ultramafic soils, conservation assessments are urgently needed. Preliminary IUCN Red List assessments are provided for all members of subg. Trouettia. Six taxa (P. deplanchei subsp. deplanchei, P. deplanchei subsp. floribunda, P. intermedia, P. obscurinerva, P. sarlinii, P. sessiliflora) are proposed the IUCN status of Vulnerable; P. caeruleilatex, P. elliptica and P. schmidii are considered to be Endangered, and the two species P. bourailensis and P. confusa are proposed to be listed as Critically Endangered.

Revision of Pycnandra subgenus Pycnandra (Sapotaceae), a genus endemic to New Caledonia

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Swenson ◽  
Jérôme Munzinger
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Ultramafic Soils ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Main Island ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Conservation Assessments

Pycnandra Benth. is a member of the pantropical family Sapotaceae (Chrysophylloideae) and the Niemeyera complex, a group that is found in Australia and New Caledonia. Generic limits in the complex have been problematic and Pycnandra is here given a circumscription to include the entire clade that is restricted to New Caledonia. Several lineages are therefore relegated to the subgeneric level that will subsequently be revised. In a first step, we revise P. subgenus Pycnandra with 12 recognised species, of which seven (P. atrofusca, P. cylindricarpa, P. glaberrima, P. linearifolia, P. longipetiolata, P. paucinervia and P. viridiflora) are described as new. Subgenus Pycnandra is endemic to Grande Terre, the main island of New Caledonia. The members grow in a wide range of habitats from dry maquis vegetation to moist humid forest, from sea level to the higher massif, and on ultramafic soils to schist and greywacke. Diagnostic characters for Pycnandra include absence of staminodes, a single-seeded fruit, plano-convex cotyledons and lack of endosperm. A glabrous ovary is a useful character distinguishing P. subgenus Pycnandra from the congeners, although there are two exceptions. P. viridiflora is included in the subgenus even though it has a pubescent ovary and Ochrothallus wagapensis is excluded despite a glabrous ovary. Because of past and present mining and logging activities in New Caledonia, conservation assessments are urgently needed. Preliminary IUCN Red List assessments are here provided for all members of the subgenus Pycnandra. Three species (P. longipetiolata, P. paniensis and P. paucinervia) are proposed the IUCN status Endangered and another (P. viridiflora) is proposed to be Critically Endangered.

Revision of Pycnandra subgenus Achradotypus (Sapotaceae), with five new species from New Caledonia

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Swenson ◽  
Jérôme Munzinger
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Corolla Lobe ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
New Members ◽  
Infrageneric Classification ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Leaf Venation ◽  
Wide Range

Pycnandra is a genus of Sapotaceae (Chrysophylloideae), restricted to New Caledonia, and includes ~60 species. The genus is a member of the monophyletic Niemeyera complex of Australia and New Caledonia and it is characterised by the lack of staminodes and a fruit containing a single seed, plano-convex cotyledons and absence of endosperm. In New Caledonia, several segregate genera have been recognised, but weak cladistic support for these groups and homoplasious morphology renders a narrow generic concept untenable. Instead, a broad generic circumscription of Pycnandra with an infrageneric classification recognising the subgenera Achradotypus, Leptostylis, Pycnandra, Sebertia and Trouettia results in a stable nomenclature. Here we revise Pycnandra subg. Achradotypus that includes 14 species, of which five (P. belepensis, P. blaffartii, P. bracteolata, P. glabella, and P. ouaiemensis) are described as new. Members of subg. Achradotypus are distinguished from other subgenera on the basis of a character combination of two stamens opposite each corolla lobe (except P. litseiflora), glabrous leaves (except P. belepensis and P. decandra), a distinctive reticulate tertiary leaf venation (except P. comptonii), and sepal-like bracts that often are borne along the pedicel. All species are restricted to Grande Terre except for P. decandra, whose distribution also extends to nearby Art Island (Belep Islands), and P. belepensis, which is endemic to that same island. The members grow in a wide range of vegetation types from dry maquis to humid forest, from sea level to the highest mountain massif, and on ultramafic soils to schist and greywacke (not limestone). Because of past and present threats such as mining, logging and fire, preliminary IUCN Red List assessments are provided for all species. Five taxa (P. chartacea, P. decandra subsp. decandra, P. glabella, P. litseiflora, and P. neocaledonica) are proposed the IUCN status Endangered, and P. belepensis and P. ouaiemensis are proposed to be Critically Endangered. We suggest that some locations where these species occur should be given protection in the form of nature reserves.

Revision of Pichonia (Sapotaceae) in New Caledonia

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Swenson ◽  
Jérôme Munzinger
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Ultramafic Soils ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Ultramafic Soil ◽  
Canopy Tree ◽  
The North ◽  
One New Species ◽  
Small Genus

Pichonia Pierre (Sapotaceae, Chrysophylloideae) is a small genus of 10 species in Australasia, of which seven are endemic to New Caledonia. We revise the genus for New Caledonia and describe one new species (P. grandiflora), resurrect another (P. dubia) and make two new combinations because of nomenclatural priority (P. balansae, P. deplanchei). P. balansae has been known for decades as P. calomeris, a name that in fact has never been validly published. The members are mainly found in Grande Terre, the main island of New Caledonia, but two species extend to Belep Islands in the north and to Isle of Pines in the south of the archipelago. Most grow in maquis vegetation at low altitudes, on ultramafic soils, preferably serpentinite. The exceptions are P. balansana, confined to limestone areas, and P. dubia that is a large canopy tree of the humid forest on ultramafic soil. Pichonia is distinguished by a character combination of an areolate higher venation, staminodes, a single-seeded fruit, plano-convex cotyledons and absence of endosperm. Because of being restricted to ultramafic soils, they are subsequently sensitive to present and future mining activities in New Caledonia. Hence, preliminary IUCN Red List assessments for all members are provided. P. balansana, P. daenikeri and P. lecomtei are all naturally uncommon, do not occur in any protected area and are proposed the IUCN status of Vulnerable. The herein described species P. grandiflora is rare in nature, known only from the Boulinda–Paéoua–Kopéto Mountains, and is in urgent need of protection. It is therefore assigned a preliminary status of Endangered.

A New Micro-Endemic Species of Alectryon (Sapindaceae) from Koghis Forest, New Caledonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Jérôme Munzinger ◽  
Porter P. Lowry ◽  
Martin W. Callmander ◽  
Sven Buerki
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Red List Categories

Abstract—The new species Alectryon hirsutus is described from New Caledonia. It is distinguished from the only other member of the genus occurring on this southwest Pacific island, A. carinatus, by its uniformly densely hirsute indumentum (vs. glabrous or with short, appressed trichomes) as well as features of its leaves [(2‐)3‐5 pairs of leaflets vs. 1‐2]) and fruits (9‐16 × 16‐28 mm vs. 5.6‐13 × 5.7‐10.6 mm), along with its presence in dense humid forest (vs. sclerophyllous or lowland dry forest). A preliminary conservation status of Critically Endangered [CR] is suggested following IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

Revision of Eugenia and Syzygium (Myrtaceae) from the Comoros archipelago

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 252 (3) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES W. BYNG ◽  
FABIEN BARTHELAT ◽  
NEIL SNOW ◽  
BENEDETTA BERNARDINI
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Habitat Conversion ◽  
Conservation Assessments ◽  
Iucn Red List Criteria ◽  
First Time

A taxonomic revision of all native Myrtaceae genera (Eugenia and Syzygium) of the Comoros is presented based on herbarium specimens and molecular and palynological evidence. Eight native species are recognised, seven of which are endemic to the archipelago. We describe the following five new native species: Eugenia choungiensis, E. pascaliana, Syzygium comorense, S. labatii, and S. tringiense. Eugenia anjouanensis is reduced to synonymy under E. comorensis. Lobed stigmas are reported for the first time in Eugenia and only the second time in Myrtaceae. Androdioecy is reported in Eugenia for the first time outside of continental Africa, and its reproductive system is discussed in light of our findings. Preliminary conservation assessments for each native species are calculated according to IUCN Red List criteria, with the majority being threatened with extinction. Recent fieldwork coupled with widespread habitat conversion in the vicinity of the only known specimen suggests strongly that S. humblotii is now extinct.

Revision of Pycnandra subgenus Leptostylis and description of subgenus Wagapensia (Sapotaceae), a genus endemic to New Caledonia

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Munzinger ◽  
Ulf Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Ultramafic Soil ◽  
Leafy Shoots ◽  
Sclerophyllous Forests

The genus Pycnandra Benth. (Sapotaceae, Chrysophylloideae) is endemic to New Caledonia with 66 known species and is subdivided in six subgenera. We have earlier revised four of these subgenera and here continue with P. subgenus Leptostylis and describe P. subgenus Wagapensia. Subgenus Leptostylis is distinguished mainly by its opposite leaves and four sepals, and includes eight species, of which two are described as new (P. amplexicaulis and P. sclerophylla). Two species, P. longiflora and P. micrantha, are assumed extinct because extensive fieldwork has not been able to relocate the plants. Variation in leaf morphology was observed in Leptostylis gatopensis, which is by consequence considered as synonym of Pycnandra filipes. Two additional taxa belong to this subgenus, but cannot presently be described because sufficient fertile material is unavailable. Subgenus Wagapensia is monotypic and readily distinguished on the basis of its subverticillate leaves and leafy shoots usually borne beneath apical clusters of leaves, a character common in Sapotaceae but unique in Pycnandra. The members of P. subgenus Leptostylis occur mainly in maquis vegetation or sclerophyllous forests on ultramafic soil, but three taxa are confined to calcareous areas. Mining activities in New Caledonian ultramafic areas are extensive and because some of these species are naturally rare, IUCN Red List assessments are provided to all species. Pycnandra grandifolia and P. wagapensis are assigned the IUCN status Vulnerable, P. amplexicaulis and P. sclerophylla are considered Endangered, P. filipes subspecies multiflora and P. goroensis are considered to be Critically Endangered, whereas P. micrantha and P. longiflora appear to be extinct.

scholarly journals A review of Dendrocephalus (Dendrocephalinus) (Crustacea: Anostraca) with the first records of male-male anostracan aggressive competition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Christopher Rogers ◽  
Ann Dunn ◽  
W. Wayne Price
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Agonistic Behaviour ◽  
Conservation Assessments ◽  
A New Species

We present a review of Dendrocephalus (Dendrocephalinus) with an updated diagnosis for the subgenus and a key to all known species. We provide new records of Dendrocephalus alachua, which was previously supposed to be extinct, and we describe a new species, Dendrocephalus proeliator sp. nov., which is separated from all other species based on the form of the male frontal appendage. Dendrocephalus proeliator sp. nov. appears to be morphologically intermediate between D. alachua and D. lithaca. In addition, we provide conservation assessments for all four species in the subgenus, according to IUCN Red List standards. We also report for two species the first known examples of direct male-male agonistic behaviour and competition for access to areas frequented by receptive females.

On the taxonomic status of Gegeneophis nadkarnii Bhatta & Prashanth, 2004 (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Indotyphlidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3609 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID J. GOWER ◽  
VARAD GIRI ◽  
VARUN R. TORSEKAR ◽  
KSHAMATA GAIKWAD
Keyword(s):  
Individual Variation ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Data Deficient

Examination of type material and new collections from Goa, southern Maharashtra and northern Karnataka, leads to the conclusion that Gegeneophis nadkarnii Bhatta & Prashanth, 2004 is a subjective junior synonym of Gegeneophis danieli Giri, Wilkinson & Gower, 2003. The purported differences between these species are very minor and attributable to nor-mal individual variation, except for some features of the dentition that are peculiar to the exceptionally abnormal paratype of G. nadkarnii. This taxonomic revision extends the known geographic range of G. danieli and suggests it could be trans-ferred from Data Deficient to Least Concern status in the IUCN Red List.

Taxonomic revision of Jumellea (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) in the Mascarenes

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
THIERRY PAILLER ◽  
FANNY PATRICKA RAKOTOARIVELO ◽  
SYLVAIN G. RAZAFIMANDIMBISON ◽  
BENNY BYTEBIER ◽  
F. B. VINCENT FLORENS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Study ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Red List Categories ◽  
Conservation Assessments ◽  
Mascarene Archipelago

We present a taxonomic revision of the genus Jumellea (Angraecinae; Orchidaceae) in the Mascarenes based on morphological study and field observations. We examined 328 specimens mostly from the MAU, P and REU, and recognise nine species. We provide a key, morphological descriptions, distributions, habitats, phenologies and conservation assessments following the Red List categories and criteria (IUCN). All nine species are present on Réunion with two being endemic there, and five have been confirmed on Mauritius, none of them endemic. The single species recorded for Rodrigues is also the only one found on all three islands of the Mascarenes and Madagascar. Five species are endemic to the Mascarene Archipelago, whereas the other four also occur in Madagascar. All nine species qualify as threatened with extinction on at least one of the islands of the Mascarenes. Two species are probably extinct on one island, and only two species on Réunion are not threatened.

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