scholarly journals Prospects for ecologically and socially sustainable management of total grazing pressure in the southern rangelands of Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Hacker ◽  
K. Sinclair ◽  
L. Pahl
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Large Herbivore ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Domestic Livestock ◽  
Activist Groups ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable

Numerous large herbivore species, both native and exotic, share the southern Australian rangelands with domestic livestock, which often account for only about half of the total grazing pressure. Although each presents its individual challenge to landholders, the management of kangaroos is a key component of ecologically sustainable management of the region because (a) they represent a significant component of the non-domestic grazing pressure, particularly in areas from which dingos and wild dogs have been (partially) removed; (b) commercial harvesting, the means of control that has the highest social acceptability, has been rendered ineffective by the actions of activist groups and market closure due to food safety concerns; (c) the task is largely beyond the capacity of individual landholders; and (d) the same constraints do not apply to other non-domestic components of total grazing pressure. Management of total grazing pressure, and particularly kangaroos, currently represents a case of market failure because the level of management that can be expected of landholders is not consistent with public expectations for resource conservation and animal welfare. Several avenues are available by which kangaroo management could be advanced to achieve both public and private benefits. These include adoption of an active, adaptive management approach to the kangaroo population, establishment of arrangements that will shift the general perception of kangaroos from pest to resource, development of an appropriate incentive framework to achieve desirable landscape outcomes, and continued evaluation of the benefits and costs of cluster fencing. These initiatives require both a greater commitment from governments to address the market failure and a proactive stance by industry to engage stakeholders, self-regulate, and objectively demonstrate environmental and animal welfare credentials.

Public attitudes to animal welfare and landholder resource limitations: implications for total grazing pressure management in the southern rangelands of Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sinclair ◽  
A. L. Curtis ◽  
T. Atkinson ◽  
R. B. Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Primary Responsibility ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Domestic Livestock

Sustainable grazing in the nationally iconic southern rangelands of Australia requires landholders to actively manage the grazing pressure from both domestic livestock and non-domestic herbivores. Landholders have primary responsibility for controlling the non-domestic herbivores. In doing so, they must meet the Australian public’s expectations for resource conservation (mainly a public good) and animal welfare. Governments are also involved in the management of non-domestic herbivores via native and feral animal legislation and control programs. The Australian public will not accept cruelty to animals, perceived or otherwise. In this paper we explore the challenges faced by landholders in their attempts to manage the grazing pressure from native herbivores, particularly kangaroos, feral goats and feral pigs, while meeting the Australian public’s expectations for animal welfare. Landholders typically live on extensive properties and their capacity to manage these is influenced by high climate variability, low labour availability, commodity price fluctuations and limited capital available for investment in new technologies. The additional requirement to reduce the grazing pressure from kangaroos, feral goats and feral pigs is a significant burden on already time-poor landholders. Hence, there is a critical disparity between landholders’ capacity and their responsibility to effectively manage the non-domestic herbivores on their properties. We suggest that current expectations of landholders to deliver public benefits by publicly acceptable practices are unreasonable. Further, we suggest that governments should accept more responsibility for managing non-domestic grazing pressure. The concept of duty of care to land management provides a means by which a more appropriate division of responsibilities between landholders and government could be achieved to ensure that valued attributes of this iconic Australian landscape are retained.

Challenges of the Blackwood Basin, Western Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ecker ◽  
A. Karafilis ◽  
R. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
River Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
Riparian Restoration ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Remnant Vegetation ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Study Zone

Growing concern about the declining state of the catchment and river led to the formation of the Blackwood Basin Group in 1992. Funded primarily by the Natural Heritage Trust and using the river as the focus, the group aims to provide leadership and support to achieve sustainable management of natural resources in the catchment. Through an Integrated Catchment Management approach, the Blackwood Basin Group has managed a range of projects to improve the community's understanding and management of the Blackwood River and its catchment. A number of research, education, demonstration and on-ground action activities relating to river management have been undertaken in partnership with community and local, state and federal government organisations. Activities include demonstrations and evaluations of riparian restoration, funding riparian restoration activities, protection of high conservation value remnant vegetation, a flood risk study, zone action planning and monitoring the condition of the river and its tributaries.

Use of additives to improve bonding strength of the adhesive prepared from used polymer: Sustainable management approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Appala Naidu Uttaravalli ◽  
Srikanta Dinda ◽  
Bhaskar Bethi ◽  
BVS Praveen ◽  
Bhanu Radhika Gidla
Keyword(s):  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Management Approach

Urban Green Spaces for Sustainable Community Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 271-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G. Vargas-Hernández ◽  
Karina Pallagst ◽  
Justyna Anna Zdunek-Wielgołaska
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Management Innovation ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces

This chapter aims to analyze the strategic management innovation in sustainable management of urban green spaces for neighborhood and community development. The report is intended to review the available theoretical and empirical literature on urban green spaces in the main related topics of community and neighborhood development, sustainable management, and strategic management innovation. The research methods employed are the analytical from a functionalist approach moving later into the critical analysis and finally from a holistic or integrative point of view. Finally, this chapter adopts a provocative and prescriptive strategic management approach of urban green spaces by presenting some research gaps and suggesting future research.

scholarly journals Market-Based Governance in Farm Animal Welfare—A Comparative Analysis of Public and Private Policies in Germany and France

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colette S. Vogeler
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Farm Animal Welfare ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Animal Protection ◽  
Agricultural Restructuring ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Different Levels

The intensification of livestock production and the focus on economic gains of agricultural policy have resulted in animal welfare related challenges. In many countries the societal concern for the welfare of farmed animals is increasing. Whereas policymakers on the European Union’s level and in EU member states have passed specific farm animal protection laws, the existing policies do not always guarantee the welfare of farmed animals. At the same time, the engagement of market actors in the field is increasing. This article explores the development of public and private policies in two countries with very different levels of regulation. By conducting a comparative analysis of public and private policies in Germany and France, the findings illustrate that, although they have different starting points, retailers in both countries are getting increasingly involved in farm animal welfare. In addition, there is evidence that governmental policies are shifting from regulatory to voluntary approaches in cooperation with the private sector. Given that in both countries these dynamics are a very recent development, it remains to be seen whether governmental actors will (re-)assume the lead in the field, whether they will engage in cooperation with private actors, or whether they will leave the task of agricultural restructuring to the market.

Current Land Use in the Poplar Box (Eucalyptus Populnea) Lands.

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Weston ◽  
DF Thompson ◽  
BJ Scott
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
High Water ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Domestic Livestock

Poplar box (Eucalyptus populnee) woodlands mainly occuron duplex, clay and red earth soils between the 300 mm and 750 mm rainfall isohyets. The poplar box lands have been occupied for from 100 to 150 years and have been modified extensively through tree felling, ringbarking, clearing, cultivation, burning and grazing by domestic livestock. The current land use is described for six vegetation groups which together comprise the poplar box lands. The eastern areas of the poplar box lands are mainly used for intensive agriculture based on wheat. barley and grain sorghum, with small areas sown to c~ops of high water demand. Mixed farming involves dairying (in Queensland) and fat lambs (in New South Wales) and broad-acre cereal and fodder cropping. Sheep and cattle grazing replace intensive crop production as the rainfall decreases. In all areas used for cropping the stability and fertility of the soil are of paramount importance in maintainihg production. The use of woodlands in areas of lower rainfall can lead to deterioration of the resource and to the encroachment of woody native species into the grazing lands. Because cropping is unreliable the opportunity to use cultivation to control woody regrowth is reduced. In central areas much of the land can be sown to improved pastures, but in western areas diversification is limited by the low rainfall and land use is restricted to grazing, initially only by sheep but now by sheep and cattle. Particularly in western New South Wales the increase in unpalatable shrubs and the decrease in available forage has resulted in low stocking rates, and high grazing pressure, making reclamation and pasture improvement difficult. In consequence many enterprises are becoming uneconomic.

scholarly journals Is an Animal Welfare Label Enough? Role of Farm Animal Welfare Voluntary Labelling Schemes in the Development of Sustainable Livestock Production

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Justyna Zwolińska ◽  
Sylwia Żakowska-Biemans
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Farm Animal Welfare ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Labelling Schemes

Intensive livestock production devoid of elementary foundations for the welfare of farm animals is nowadays identified as one of the main factors contributing to the growing environmental and social threats. Public opinion associates the welfare of farm animals with values relating to health, food quality, ethical approach to animals and protection of the environment and climate. Accordingly, the social conceptualization of farm animal welfare plays an important role in guiding EU policy and developing animal welfare law. It also becomes a prerequisite for solving social and environmental problems resulting from intensive animal production. Farm animal welfare is an intangible and credence attribute of food and as such requires a means of informing consumers about it. The most preferred form of communication about the welfare level of farm animals among consumers are farm animal welfare labels. Both consumer preferences and their expectations of how farm animal welfare is communicated are reflected in the development of public and private food labelling systems in the European Union. Therefore, the main aim of the study was to analyse the selected farm animal welfare voluntary labelling schemes in terms of their potential for the development of sustainable animal production in the EU. The result of the study shows the differences and similarities in this respect between public and private systems, in relation to four criteria—values associated by consumers with the welfare of farm animals—health, food quality, ethics and environmental protection. We provide an overview of these systems and their role in increasing farm animal welfare standards. We conclude that it is particularly important to verify if the shift from production-related concern to social and consumer-related concern can constitute a sufficient and effective form for a systemic change transforming current animal production into production based on higher livestock welfare standards.

ON COURSE: THE CALIFORNIA UNIFIED OIL SPILL CONTROL TRAINING PARTNERSHIP

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 513-515
Author(s):  
John H. Giesen ◽  
Jon D. MacArthur
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Response Training ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
Spill Control

ABSTRACT Faced with training and travel dollar constraints, California's Department of Fish and Game and the 11th U.S. Coast Guard District worked to form a multiorganizational partnership designed to leverage required resources to conduct a premier operational-level oil spill response training program in the state. The partnership included no less than six major organizations from both the public and private sectors, each playing critical roles in planning and conducting the training. Major hurdles overcome were curriculum development and operational support. Both of these challenges were resolved through a unified management approach in which the ultimate objective became success of the course. The lessons learned from the program provide guidance and rationale for future such efforts.

scholarly journals Usages Et Vulnerabilite De Pterocarpus Santalinoides L'her. Ex De (Papillionoidae), Une Plante Utilisee Dans Le Traitement Des Gastro-Enterites Dans Le Sud Du Benin

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Ayena A C. ◽  
Agassounon Djikpo Tchibozo M. ◽  
Assogbadjo A. E. ◽  
Adoukonou-Sagbadja H. ◽  
Mensah G. A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Therapeutic Needs ◽  
Galenic Form ◽  
Pterocarpus Santalinoides

In West Africa, rural populations depend heavily on woody plant resources to satisfy particular nutritional and therapeutic needs. This study was conducted in South of Benin to identify local knowledge about Pterocarpus santalinoides, and its vulnerability level. Investigations were made using an interview guide followed by observations. 180 professionals were interviewed. It appears from the study that the "African teak" is known as 10 local designations. The species is sought in many areas of use (African medicine, food medicine, carpentry, art, energy and well-being). On medicinal plan, leaves, bark of the trunk and roots are solicited alone or in association with others to treat especially the symptoms related to gastroenteric (diarrhoea, dysentery, vomiting and abdominal cramps). Decoct is the main galenic form adopted for the treatment of these conditions. Considering all the sectors, all its vegetative organs are used. Degree of uses of various organs of this plant is the main causes of its vulnerability. Vulnerability index (Iv) is equal to 2.4. The species is thus identified as vulnerable. It is urgent for its users to adopt a sustainable management approach, in order to preserve African teak.

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