121 Ovulatory response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone relative to day and diameter of dominant follicle during the first follicular wave in Beetal goats

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
W. Ahmad ◽  
M. I.-R. Khan ◽  
A. Murtaza ◽  
I. Mohsin ◽  
A. Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Ovulatory Follicles

In Beetal goats under subtropical conditions, ovulatory response of first-wave dominant follicle based on diameter and day of oestrous cycle is unknown to date. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ovulatory response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) relative to day and diameter of dominant follicle during the first follicular wave in Beetal goats. Fifty goats were synchronized using a single dose of prostaglandin F2α (75 µg; D+ cloprostenol, Fatro, Italy), and scanned every 6 hours for ovulation using a 7.5-MHz trans-rectal transducer (Honda HS: 1500, Japan). Following ovulation (Day 0), goats (n=40; 10/day) were given GnRH (25µg lecirelin, Fatro, Italy) on Days 2, 4, 6, and 8 of oestrous cycle. Follicular dynamics was monitored daily from D 0 until GnRH, and every 4 hours after GnRH until ovulation. Ovulation frequency relative to day and dominant follicular diameter was analysed by binary logistic regression, whereas diameter of dominant follicle at time of GnRH, ovulation time, time of wave emergence and growth rate of dominant follicle following GnRH were analysed by one-way ANOVA and independent sample t-test (SPSS 20, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Eighty percent of the goats ovulated within 74.7±1.3h after prostaglandin F2α. Overall, 37% (14/38) of the goats ovulated following GnRH within 12.0±1.5h. Ovulations (%) following GnRH were higher (P=0.03) on Day 4 than 2 (60 v. 10%; i.e. 14 times higher than Day 2) and decreased gradually from Day 4 to 8 (P>0.05). Similarly, ovulations following GnRH were higher (P=0.00) in first-wave dominant follicles having diameter 6.1-7.0mm than those having less than 6.1mm (88v. 23%; i.e. 24 times higher than <6.1mm). Ovulations (%) decreased as the diameter of dominant follicle increased from 6.1-7.0mm (P>0.05). Diameters of ovulatory follicles at time of GnRH between Day 2, 4, 6, and 8 were not different (P>0.05). Regardless of day of GnRH treatment, diameter of ovulatory v. anovulatory follicles differed (6.44±0.03v. 5.1±0.4 mm; P=0.00). Overall, growth rate of dominant follicles following GnRH was 0.2±0.11mm and did not differ between ovulatory and anovulatory goats (0.29±0.13v. 0.13±0.15 mm; P>0.05). Interval to the emergence of a new wave following GnRH was prolonged for Day 4 compared to Day 2, 6, and 8 (i.e. 22v. 8, 11, and 12 h; respectively, P<0.05). In conclusion, GnRH treatment at Day 4 resulted in maximum ovulations as the first-wave dominant follicle reached a size of 6.1 to 7.0 mm.

252 EFFECT OF SUPERSTIMULATORY TREATMENT TO DONOR COWS IN OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF MATURED OOCYTES

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
K. Imai ◽  
S. Sugimura ◽  
M. Ohtake ◽  
Y. Aikawa ◽  
Y. Inaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
And Control ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

We previously reported that follicular wave synchronization and follicular growth treatment (FGT) before ovum pick-up (OPU) were effective in improving oocyte competence, which was associated with an increase in related embryos obtained by somatic cell nuclear transfer (Sugimura et al. 2012 Cell. Reprogram. 14, 29–37). However, oxygen consumption in oocytes remained unknown. The present study was designed to examine the differences in oxygen consumption between bovine oocytes obtained by OPU with or without FGT after in vitro maturation. Holstein dry cows (n = 8) were reared under the same feeding and environmental conditions. Two OPU sessions were conducted in each cow to collect immature oocytes, as described by Sugimura et al. (2012). The first OPU session (OPU group) was performed in cows on arbitrary days of the oestrous cycle, using a 7.5-MHz linear transducer with the needle connected to an ultrasound scanner. Follicles larger than 8 mm in diameter were then aspirated and a controlled internal drug release device (CIDR) was inserted on Day 5 (the day of the first OPU session = Day 0). Then 30 Armour units (AU) of FSH (Antrin, Kyoritsu Seiyaku, Tokyo, Japan) was administrated to cows twice a day from Day 7 to 10 in decreasing doses (6, 6, 4, 4, 3, 3, 2, 2 AU day–1). Cloprostenol (prostaglandin F2α; 0.75 mg) was administered in the morning of Day 9. The second OPU session (FGT-OPU group) was performed 48 h after prostaglandin F2α administration (Day 11), and only follicles larger than 5 mm in diameter were aspirated. The CIDR was removed from the cows just before OPU. Collected cumulus–oocyte complexes in the OPU and FGT-OPU groups were matured in vitro as described by Imai et al. [2006 J. Reprod. Dev. 52(Suppl.), S19–S29]. To collect in vivo-matured oocytes (control group), the CIDR was inserted into the cows on arbitrary days of the oestrous cycle (= Day 0), and oestradiol benzoate (0.8 mg) was administered on Day 1. The cows received the FGT treatment (as described above) from Day 6 to 10; however, the CIDR was removed in the evening of Day 8. Buserelin (gonadotropin-releasing hormone; 200 µg) was then administrated in the morning of Day 10, and OPU was performed at 24 h after gonadotropin-releasing hormone administration (Day 11). Oxygen consumption of matured oocytes was measured noninvasively with a scanning electron microscopy system (HV-405SP; Hokuto Denko Co., Tokyo, Japan). Data were analysed by ANOVA followed by a Tukey-Kramer test. There was no difference in the mean oxygen consumption between the FGT-OPU group (0.34 ± 0.02 × 10–14 mol–1, mean ± SEM) and control group (0.40 ± 0.01 × 10–14 mol–1). However, oxygen consumption in the FGT-OPU and control groups was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than that in the OPU group (0.50 ± 0.02 × 10–14 mol–1). These results revealed significantly lower oxygen consumption in OPU-derived in vitro-matured bovine oocytes after FGT treatment compared with those obtained without FGT treatment. Oxygen consumption of oocytes obtained from FGT-OPU was similar to that of in vivo-matured oocytes, which may reflect their cytoplasmic maturation status with high developmental competence.

120 Effects of antral follicle count in ovaries on follicular development and endocrine dynamics of follicle-stimulating hormone and steroid hormones in cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
K. Sakaguchi ◽  
Y. Yanagawa ◽  
K. Yoshioka ◽  
T. Suda ◽  
K. Kawano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Antral Follicle ◽  
Antral Follicle Count ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Selection Phase ◽  
Follicular Fluids

The antral follicle count (AFC) in mammalian ovaries positively correlates with female fertility. We have reported previously that cumulus-oocyte complexes derived from high-AFC ovaries produce more oestradiol-17β (E2) and have higher developmental competence than those from low-AFC ovaries in in vitro growth (Sakaguchi et al. WCRB2017, Okinawa, Japan; 1-15). We also indicated that follicular growth was different between high- and low-AFC cows, and that follicular deviation occurred earlier in high-AFC cows (Nagai et al. 2015 Anim. Reprod. Sci. 163, 172-178). To clarify the causes of the higher E2 production and earlier follicular deviation in high-AFC cows, we investigated circulating steroid hormones and FSH during the oestrous cycle, as well as steroidogenesis in follicles at different phases of the oestrous cycle. Four high-AFC cows (&gt;40 follicles) and 3 low-AFC cows (&lt;20 follicles) based on the peak AFC were used. We ablated their follicles 8 days after oestrus and administered prostaglandin F2α on Day 12. After 40h of prostaglandin F2α injection, follicular fluid of a dominant follicle (preovulatory phase) was collected and subordinate follicles were ablated. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone was then injected to induce LH surge. Seven days after gonadotropin-releasing hormone, follicular fluids were collected from dominant follicles (luteal phase) and all follicles were ablated. Four days later, follicular fluids were again collected from the largest follicles (selection phase). Steroid hormones in follicular fluids were measured by enzyme immunoassay. Throughout the study, we daily examined ovaries by ultrasonography and collected blood for hormone measurements. We analysed data using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer or Student’s t test. The number of small follicles (&lt;4mm) was greater in high-AFC than low-AFC groups (low v. high=7.6v. 46.9; P&lt;0.05), whereas that of large follicles (&gt;8mm) was similar between groups (0.8v. 0.8) at any time. Although the number of medium-sized follicles (4-8mm) was not affected in the low-AFC group (4.2-6.7) after follicle ablation, the number increased from 1 to 4 days (10.5 to 17.8) then decreased 6 days after follicle ablation (11.5) in the high-AFC group, which means that degradation of follicles occurs at selection phase in high-AFC cows. Peripheral FSH concentration was higher (low v. high: 4.7v. 2.1 ng/mL), but E2 concentration was lower in the low-AFC (2.4 pg/mL) than high-AFC group (3.3 pg/mL) during the selection phase (P&lt;0.05). Although follicular diameter was similar in both groups at any phase, E2 (low v. high=333.8v. 1127.4 ng/mL; P&lt;0.05) and testosterone (low v. high=16.7v. 35.0 ng/mL; P=0.07), but not progesterone, concentrations were higher in the high-AFC than low-AFC group in the preovulatory phase. These findings suggest that a lower response to FSH causes low E2 production in the low-AFC group, resulting in high FSH concentration and a consistent development of medium-sized follicles. Conversely, higher E2 concentration suppresses FSH secretion, resulting in obvious degradation of follicles in the high-AFC group at the selection phase.

122 Effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone plus 7-day progesterone (CIDR) with or without eCG on follicular dynamics, estrus response, and pregnancy rate in anestrous Beetal goats during nonbreeding season under subtropical conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
M. I.-R. Khan ◽  
N. Hameed ◽  
W. Ahmad ◽  
M. Abbas ◽  
A. Murtaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Nonbreeding Season ◽  
And Control ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

Oestrus induction is a challenging task during the nonbreeding season in goats. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) plus a 7-day CIDR-based protocol with or without eCG for the induction of oestrus and fertility in acyclic Beetal goats during the nonbreeding season under subtropical conditions. Based on the absence of corpus luteum via ultrasonography, goats (n=56; mean weight=32.8±0.5 kg; body condition scre=2.5±0.1) were inserted with a CIDR (300mg progesterone) along with GnRH (Day 0), and randomly treated either with eCG (400 IU; n=35) or without eCG (control; n=21) on Day 7. The CIDR was removed on Day 7 and all does were administered single dose of prostaglandin F2α (75µg cloprostenol; Fatro, Italy). Following CIDR insertion, ovarian follicular dynamics was monitored daily through a 7.5-MHz transrectal transducer (Honda HS 1500, Japan) until ovulation in a subset of eCG (n=11) and control goats (n=10). Oestrus was detected at every 12h after CIDR removal with aproned bucks and does were bred naturally. Pregnancy was detected 25 days after breeding by transrectal ultrasound. Data were analysed by t-test, ANOVA, and Chi-squared test using SPSS (version 20.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Oestrus occurred more often following CIDR removal in eCG v. control goats (94v. 57%; P&lt;0.05). Similarly, onset of oestrus was earlier (36.0±2.1v. 54.2±4.7 h; P&lt;0.05) and the duration of oestrus was longer in eCG v. control goats (i.e. 30.2±1.3v. 22.1±2.3 h; P&lt;0.05). However, diameter of preovulatory follicles and interval to ovulation after CIDR removal were similar between eCG and control goats (P&gt;0.05). In contrast, growth rate of preovulatory follicle after CIDR removal until ovulation in eCG goats was greater, and ovulation rate was higher than control goats (0.7±0.1v. 0.3±0.1 mm/day; 2.2±0.2v. 1.4±0.2, respectively; P&lt;0.05). In eCG goats, the dominant follicle grew rapidly between Days 8 to 9 (P&lt;0.05), whereas within control goats the dominant follicle grew at consistent rate (P&gt;0.05). After CIDR removal, percentage of ovulating goats in eCG was higher as compared to the control group (100v. 44%; P&lt;0.05). Within control goats, size of the dominant follicle in ovulatory goats was greater at the time of CIDR removal than anovulatory goats (5.7±0.3v. 5.0±0.15 mm; P&lt;0.05), whereas wave emergence tended to be earlier after CIDR insertion in anovulatory goats (4.2±1v. 2.6±0.4 days; P=0.09). Pregnancy rate 25 days postbreeding did not differ between eCG and control goats [i.e. 49% (16/33) v. 25% (3/12); odds ratio 2.9/1; P&gt;0.05]. In conclusion, the eCG protocol resulted in higher oestrus response, ovulation rate, and 3 times higher pregnancy rate in anestrous goats during the nonbreeding season.

Effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and prostaglandin F2α on reproduction in postpartum dairy cows

1983 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 763-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F. Richardson ◽  
L.F. Archbald ◽  
D.M. Galton ◽  
R.A. Godke
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone

scholarly journals Ovarian Follicular Dynamics during the Estrous Cycle in Jennies in Upper Egypt

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Derar ◽  
H. A. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Slow Rate ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Preovulatory Follicles ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

The objective of the current study was to describe follicular dynamics in Egyptian Jennies throughout the estrous cycle. In this experiment, 8 estrus cycles in 8 cyclic Jennies were studied from February to June using ultrasonography. The result revealed that one follicular wave per cycle was recorded throughout the studied period. Dominant follicle (DF) was firstly detected at day in Jennies. The growth rate of DF was  mm/day. Left ovulations were nonsignificantly () more than right ovulations (55.6% versus 44.6%). The CL was firstly detected at D , developed in a rate of  mm/day, reached a maximum diameter of  mm at D , and started to regress on D with a mean regression rate of  mm d-1. Results of the present study indicated that Jennies had one follicular wave per cycle. The Day of the cycle has a significant effect on the number of different classes of the ovarian follicles, but not large ones. Ultrasonographic characteristics of the preovulatory follicles could be useful to predict ovulation. CL developed and regressed in a slow rate.

Estrous synchronization and fertility of cross-bred dairy cows using prostaglandin F2α and gonadotropin releasing hormone

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Abubakr O. Ismail ◽  
◽  
Erneo B. Ochi ◽  
Ambrose S. Jubara ◽  
Bakri Ahmed A/Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Estrous Synchronization ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

A comparative hormonal study of prostaglandin, gonadotropin releasing hormone and their combination was conducted on 30 randomly selected cross-bred dairy cows of SEMEX project for artificial insemination in Hillat Kuku, Khartoum North, Sudan. The study attempts to determine the response of the animals to hormonal induction and synchronization of estrous as well as fertility following fixed time artificial insemination. Three treatment groups of 10 cows each were undertaken. Groups 1, 2 and 3 involved administration of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and a combination of PGF2α + GnRH, respectively. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. The results revealed that all the three protocols induced and synchronized estrous were almost synchronous in all the treated groups. However, protocol 3 revealed a significantly (p<0.05) better result of 70% pregnancy rate compared to other two protocols that equally provided 50% pregnancy rates. The study resolves that protocol 3 be highly recommended to change the mindset of farmers about the spread of reproductive technology in Sudan. Protocols 1 and 2 provided acceptable pregnancy rates that can be enhanced with the improvement of management.

62 Will Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Treatment Hasten the Onset of Puberty in Peripubertal Heifers?

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
N. A. Castro ◽  
C. E. Leonardi ◽  
E. M. Zwiefehofer ◽  
J. Singh ◽  
G. P. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
And Control

Treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) has been used to induce ovulation in prepubertal heifers. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether peripubertal heifers will continue to ovulate at regular intervals (i.e. attain puberty) after GnRH treatment. Prepubertal crossbred Hereford heifers, 11.0 ± 0.5 months of age, 344 ± 26 kg of body weight, and at random stages of ovarian follicular wave status, were assigned to 2 groups (age- and weight-matched) and given GnRH (n = 24) or no treatment (Control, n = 22) on Day 0. Ovarian ultrasonography was performed every second day from Day 0 to 44 to record the size of 2 largest follicles and the corpus luteum (CL). Thereafter, examinations were done every 4 days until the third ovulation or Day 100, whichever came first. The first and second interovulatory intervals (IOI) were categorized as short (<12 days), normal (16-24 days), or long (>24 days), and the onset of the puberty was defined by the occurrence of 2 consecutive short or normal IOI (i.e. 3 uninterrupted ovulations). Proportional data were compared among groups by chi-squared test. Single-point measurements were compared by analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were made using Tukey’s test. Two heifers (one in each group) failed to ovulate during the experiment. The diameter of the largest follicle on Day 0 did not differ (P = 0.31) between the GnRH and Control groups (12.6 ± 0.37 mm and 13.1 ± 0.29 mm, respectively). The proportion of heifers that ovulated by Day 4 after treatment was higher in the GnRH than in the Control group (9/24 v. 1/22; P < 0.01). However, the proportion of heifers in the GnRH v. Control groups that ovulated twice (19/24 v. 18/22; P = 0.60) or 3 times (9/24 v. 9/22; P = 0.81) did not differ. The age at first ovulation tended to be younger in the GnRH group than in the Control (12 ± 0.97 v. 13 ± 0.90 months; P = 0.07), but the effect was attributed only to those heifers that ovulated in response to GnRH treatment (n = 9). The age at first ovulation was 11.2 ± 0.50, 12.7 ± 0.73, and 12.6 ± 0.90 months in GnRH-responders, non-responders, and the control group, respectively (P < 0.0001). One heifer that ovulated in response to GnRH treatment failed to ovulate again during the study period (Day 100). In 87.5% (7/8) of the heifers that responded to GnRH treatment and ovulated at least twice, the first IOI was long (55.5 ± 8.3 days). When data were combined between the GnRH non-responders and the control group (n = 35), the first IOI was short (8.9 ± 0.4 days) in 77% of the heifers, and the second IOI was of normal length (18.8 ± 0.9 days) in 93% of heifers. The age at the second ovulation in GnRH responders (12.7 ± 0.3 months) was similar (P = 0.82) to the age at first ovulation in GnRH non-responders (12.9 ± 0.1 months) and the control group (12.7 ± 0.2 months), indicating that GnRH treatment did not hasten the onset of continuous cyclicity. In conclusion, although GnRH treatment induced first ovulation in some peripubertal heifers, treatment did not hasten the onset of puberty. Research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

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