An ultrasound-guided procedure to administer a label of DNA synthesis into fetal sheep

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Greenwood ◽  
Ramona M. Slepetis ◽  
Alan W. Bell ◽  
John W. Hermanson
Keyword(s):  
Bolus Dose ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
High Degree

A novel technique was developed to deliver a bolus dose of a DNA label into the peritoneal cavity of fetal sheep at 85–130 days gestation. Use of markers to identify the site of injection in fetuses from litters up to quadruplets, and immunohistochemistry to detect the DNA label, 5-bromo-2¢-deoxyuridine (BrdU), confirmed the procedure was successful in 85% of cases. Duration of the procedure was (mean SD) 44 16 min, and recovery from anaesthesia was rapid and uneventful in all cases. Fetal weight was estimated with a high degree of accuracy (residual standard deviation (RSD) = 297 g and r 2 = 0.93, P<0.001) and the dose of label administered (110 33 mg BrdU/kg fetal weight) was adequate in all cases. BrdU detected in fetal nuclei following injection into amniotic fluid highlights the need for positive identification of the injection site in timed, short-term studies, and suggests potential to further develop the technique to investigate cellular events in fetal sheep younger than 85 days of gestation. The results demonstrate that the procedure can be used to determine in vivo whether or not nuclei have entered the S-phase of the cell cycle.

scholarly journals The SKP2 E3 ligase regulates basal homeostasis and stress-induced regeneration of HSCs

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 117 (24) ◽  
pp. 6509-6519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Rodriguez ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Christen Mumaw ◽  
Edward F. Srour ◽  
Cristina Lo Celso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
E3 Ligase ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Cdk Inhibitors ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Cell Cycle Delay ◽  
Skp2 Expression ◽  
Ability To Regenerate

Abstract Exit from quiescence and reentry into cell cycle is essential for HSC self-renewal and regeneration. Skp2 is the F-box unit of the SCF E3-ligase that targets the CDK inhibitors (CKIs) p21Cip1, p27Kip1, p57Kip2, and p130 for degradation. These CKIs inhibit the G1 to S-phase transition of the cell cycle, and their deletion results in increased cell proliferation and decreased stem cell self-renewal. Skp2 deletion leads to CKIs stabilization inducing cell-cycle delay or arrest, and conversely, increased Skp2 expression is often found in cancers. Here, we show that SKP2 expression is increased in HSC and progenitors in response to hematopoietic stress from myelosuppression or after transplantation. At steady state, SKP2 deletion decreased the mitotic activity of HSC and progenitors resulting in enhanced HSC quiescence, increased HSC pool size, and maintenance. However, the inability to rapidly enter cell cycle greatly impaired the short-term repopulating potential of SKP2 null HSC and their ability to regenerate after myeloablative stress. Mechanistically, deletion of SKP2 in HSC and progenitors stabilized CKIs in vivo, particularly p27Kip1, p57Kip2, and p130. Our results demonstrate a previously unrecognized role for SKP2 in regulating HSC and progenitor expansion and hematopoietic regeneration after stress.

scholarly journals Hybrid Nanostructured Magnetite Nanoparticles: From Bio-Detection and Theragnostics to Regenerative Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Piñeiro ◽  
Manuel González Gómez ◽  
Lisandra de Castro Alves ◽  
Angela Arnosa Prieto ◽  
Pelayo García Acevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Magnetic Performance ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast ◽  
High Degree

Nanotechnology offers the possibility of operating on the same scale length at which biological processes occur, allowing to interfere, manipulate or study cellular events in disease or healthy conditions. The development of hybrid nanostructured materials with a high degree of chemical control and complex engineered surface including biological targeting moieties, allows to specifically bind to a single type of molecule for specific detection, signaling or inactivation processes. Magnetite nanostructures with designed composition and properties are the ones that gather most of the designs as theragnostic agents for their versatility, biocompatibility, facile production and good magnetic performance for remote in vitro and in vivo for biomedical applications. Their superparamagnetic behavior below a critical size of 30 nm has allowed the development of magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents or magnetic hyperthermia nanoprobes approved for clinical uses, establishing an inflection point in the field of magnetite based theragnostic agents.

Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Injection of the Trachea in Fetal Sheep: A Novel Technique to Target the Fetal Airways

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. David ◽  
D.M. Peebles ◽  
L. Gregory ◽  
M. Themis ◽  
T. Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Novel Technique

scholarly journals Locally Balanced Dendritic Integration by Short-Term Synaptic Plasticity and Active Dendritic Conductances

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 3234-3250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Volman ◽  
Herbert Levine ◽  
Eshel Ben-Jacob ◽  
Terrence J. Sejnowski
Keyword(s):  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Place Cells ◽  
Synaptic Inhibition ◽  
Dendritic Branch ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Testable Prediction ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 ◽  
Output Spike ◽  
High Degree

The high degree of variability observed in spike trains and membrane potentials of pyramidal neurons in vivo is thought to be a consequence of a balance between excitatory and inhibitory inputs, which depends on the dynamics of the network. We simulated synaptic currents and ion channels in a reconstructed hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cell and show here that a local balance can be achieved on a dendritic branch with a different mechanism, based on presynaptic depression of quantal release interacting with active dendritic conductances. This mechanism, which does not require synaptic inhibition, allows each dendritic branch to remain sensitive to correlated synaptic inputs, induces a high degree of variability in the output spike train, and can be combined with other balance mechanisms based on network dynamics. This hypothesis makes a testable prediction for the cause of the observed variability in the firing of hippocampal place cells.

Fospropofol Disodium for Procedural Sedation: Emerging Evidence of its Value?

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1179559X1000200
Author(s):  
Scott W. Mueller ◽  
Gina D. Moore ◽  
Robert MacLaren
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Bolus Dose ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Procedural Sedation ◽  
Phosphate Ester ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Short Term

Background Fospropofol is a phosphate-ester water soluble prodrug of propofol approved in the United States for the short-term sedation of adults undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic procedures with monitored anesthesia care. Fospropofol may be advantageous for procedural sedation because it is not a lipid formulation, it lacks pain on injection, it possesses a different pharmacokinetic profile due to in vivo conversion of fospropofol to propofol, and it offers rapid recovery from sedation. Objective To review published pharmacokinetic data, clinical trials, and the safety profile of fospropofol and provide comment on its use for sedation. Clinical trials Fospropofol has been studied for sedation in colonoscopy and bronchoscopy with fentanyl for analgesia. Results indicate that a 6.5 mg/kg bolus dose with repeated doses of 25% of the original bolus dose up to every 4 minutes produces an effective and safe level of sedation. Fospropofol comparisons to midazolam were not assessed. Patient satisfaction is high for those treated with the recommended dosage regimen. Most commonly reported adverse effects included pruritus and paresthesia. Sedation related side effects such as hypoxia and apnea were rarely reported and generally mild in scope. Conclusion Fospropofol represents an alternative sedative agent to midazolam and propofol for short-term sedation. However, the efficacy and safety of fospropofol compared to midazolam or propofol has not been assessed, therefore use will be based on practitioner preference. Restrictive package labelling requiring MAC poses medico-legal and cost-benefit issues thereby not conferring a benefit over propofol which caries similar labelling. Additional studies designed to compare fospropofol to propofol and/or midazolam for procedural sedation are needed.

Effects of short-term saffron (Crocus sativus L.) intake on the in vivo activities of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in healthy volunteers

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Begas ◽  
Maria Bounitsi ◽  
Thomas Kilindris ◽  
Evangelos Kouvaras ◽  
Konstantinos Makaritsis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Crocus Sativus L

scholarly journals Precision radiogenomics: fusion biopsies to target tumour habitats in vivo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireia Crispin-Ortuzar ◽  
Evis Sala
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Serous Ovarian Cancer ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Heterogeneity

SummaryHigh-grade serous ovarian cancer lesions display a high degree of heterogeneity on CT scans. We have recently shown that regions with distinct imaging profiles can be accurately biopsied in vivo using a technique based on the fusion of CT and ultrasound scans.

Case study in 21 st century ecotoxicology: using in vitro aromatase inhibition data to predict short term in vivo responses in adult female fish

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Villeneuve ◽  
Brett R. Blackwell ◽  
Jenna E. Cavallin ◽  
Wan‐Yun Cheng ◽  
David J. Feifarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Aromatase Inhibition ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Inhibition Data

In Vitro Culture of Human Thyroid Cells: Preliminary Findings on the Role of the Pathological Condition of the Donors

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Francesca Mattioli ◽  
Marianna Angiola ◽  
Laura Fazzuoli ◽  
Francesco Razzetta ◽  
Antonietta Martelli
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Predictive Indicator

Although primary cultures of human thyroid cells are used for endocrinological and toxicological studies, until now no attention has been paid toward verifying whether the hormonal conditions to which the gland was exposed in vivo prior to surgery could influence in vitro responses. Our findings suggest that the hormonal situation in vivo cannot be used as a predictive indicator of triiodothyronine and thyroxine release and/or S-phase frequency in vitro, either with or without the addition of bovine thyrotropin.

scholarly journals A Novel Technique for Short-Term Load Forecasting using Sequential Models and Feature Engineering

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Abdul Wahab ◽  
Muhammad Anas Tahir ◽  
Naveed Iqbal ◽  
Adnan Ul-Hasan ◽  
Faisal Shafiat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Load Forecasting ◽  
Feature Engineering ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Short Term Load Forecasting ◽  
Sequential Models
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