Membrane lipid profile of in vitro-produced embryos is affected by vitrification but not by long-term dietary supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids for oocyte donor beef heifers

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz C. S. Leão ◽  
Nathália A. S. Rocha-Frigoni ◽  
Ériklis Nogueira ◽  
Elaine C. Cabral ◽  
Christina R. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Lipid Uptake ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Lipid Species

Dietary rumen-protected polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) rich in linoleic acid (LA) may affect embryo yield, and LA can modulate the molecular mechanisms of lipid uptake in bovine blastocysts produced in vitro. In embryos, membrane lipids, such as phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and sphingomyelins (SMs), affect cryopreservation success. The aim of the present study was to evaluate embryonic developmental rates after the IVF of oocytes retrieved from Nellore heifers fed for approximately 90 days with rumen-protected PUFAs rich in LA. In addition, we evaluated embryo cryotolerance and the membrane structure lipid composition using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry of fresh and vitrified embryos. Embryo development to the blastocyst stage (mean 43.2%) and embryo survival after vitrification and warming (mean 79.3%) were unaffected by diet. The relative abundance of one lipid species (PC ether (PCe; 38:2, which means that this lipid has 38 carbon atoms and 2 double bonds in the fatty acyl residues) was increased after PUFAs supplementation. However, 10 ions were affected by cryopreservation; ions consistent with PC 32:0, PC 34:1, SM 24:1, PC 40:6 or PC 42:9, PC plasmalogen (PCp) 44:10 or PC 42:7, triacylglycerol (TAG) 54:9 and a not assigned ion (m/z 833.2) were lower in blastocysts that survived to the cryopreservation process compared with fresh blastocysts, whereas the abundance of the ions PC 36:3 or PC 34:0, PCe 38:2 or PC 36:6 and PC 36:5 or PCe 38:1 were increased after cryopreservation. Thus, the results demonstrate that the mass spectrometry profiles of PC, SM and TAG species differ significantly in bovine blastocysts upon cryopreservation. Because the lipid ion abundances of fresh and vitrified–warmed embryos were distinct, they can be used as potential markers of post-cryopreservation embryonic survival.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietaryω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid DHA on Glycolytic Enzymes and Warburg Phenotypes in Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Manzi ◽  
Lara Costantini ◽  
Romina Molinari ◽  
Nicolò Merendino
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Glycolytic Enzymes ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Omega 3

The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) are a class of lipids that has been shown to have beneficial effects on some chronic degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory disorders, diabetes, and cancer. Amongω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has received particular attention for its antiproliferative, proapoptotic, antiangiogenetic, anti-invasion, and antimetastatic properties, even though the involved molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Recently, somein vitrostudies showed that DHA promotes the inhibition of glycolytic enzymes and the Warburg phenotype. For example, it was shown that in breast cancer cell lines the modulation of bioenergetic functions is due to the capacity of DHA to activate the AMPK signalling and negatively regulate the HIF-1αfunctions. Taking into account these considerations, this review is focused on current knowledge concerning the role of DHA in interfering with cancer cell metabolism; this could be considered a further mechanism by which DHA inhibits cancer cell survival and progression.

scholarly journals 667 Tumor-derived alpha-fetoprotein requires polyunsaturated fatty acids for immuno-metabolic dysregulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A695-A695
Author(s):  
Paul Munson ◽  
Juraj Adamik ◽  
Lisa Butterfield
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Metabolic Dysregulation ◽  
Ligand Free

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide.1 The immuno-regulatory environment of the liver, coupled with tumor-specific immuno-suppressive mechanisms, has negatively impacted the development of clinically effective immunotherapies. Most HCC tumors secrete alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which we previously demonstrated inhibited monocyte to dendritic cell (DC) differentiation and metabolism.2 3 These immunoregulatory effects depended upon a previously unidentified low molar mass ligand bound to tumor-derived (tAFP) but not cord-blood-derived 'normal' AFP (nAFP). To delineate the mechanism, we identified and tested fatty acids (FA) unique to tAFP necessary for immunosuppression.MethodsFatty acids bound to samples of ovalbumin (OVA), nAFP, and tAFP (n=3 each), were quantified by mass spectrometry and gas chromatography by the UCSD Lipidomics Core. Analysis of the single-cell metabolism was measured using the SCENITH assay4 via spectral-flow cytometry. Bulk measurement of metabolism was measured by microarray and glucose/lactate quantification of supernatants during monocyte to DC differentiation in vitro. Lastly, several fatty acids (FAs) were co-incubated with ligand-free preparations of OVA, nAFP, and tAFP to determine which FAs contribute to limiting DC differentiation in vitro.ResultsSCENITH analysis revealed a stark increase in lactate secretion and a marked switch from oxidative-phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis in tAFP-treated DCs, which correlated with reduced co-stimulatory marker expression and increased PD-L1. g:Profiler analysis of microarray data confirmed dysregulation of FA metabolism. We identified three polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that were enriched on tAFP by mass-spectrometry and gas chromatography. Screening of FAs on ligand-free preparations revealed two PUFAs on tAFP were uniquely able to decrease differentiation of iDC and mDCs in vitro.ConclusionsWe have identified unique FA ligands of tAFP and determined specific FAs that restore its immunoregulatory activities. To our knowledge, these are the first data demonstrating a role of a novel PUFA in inhibiting DC formation and are consistent with previous reports showing arachidonic (20:4) inhibits DC formation in vitro.5 Furthermore, we have identified key metabolic pathways of the immuno-metabolic dysregulation of DCs in HCC. These findings identify targets for strategies to reverse the tAFP induced immuno-metabolic dysfunction in vivo could be a strategy to potentiate robust anti-tumor immunity and improve survival in HCC patients.AcknowledgementsWe wish to acknowledge the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Dr. Oswald Quehenberger and Milda Simonaitis of the UCSD Lipid omics Core for their consultation on the lipid panel, as well as Vin Nguyen of the UCSF Flow Cytometry Core for his assistance with the flow cytometry panels.ReferencesSung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2021;71:209–49. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660.Pardee AD, Shi J, Butterfield LH. Tumor-Derived α-Fetoprotein Impairs the differentiation and T Cell stimulatory activity of human dendritic cells. J Immunol 2014;193:5723–32. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1400725.Santos PM, Menk AV, Shi J, Tsung A, Delgoffe GM, Butterfield LH. Tumor-Derived α-Fetoprotein suppresses fatty acid metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation in dendritic cells. Cancer Immunol Res 2019;7:1001–12. https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0513.Argüello RJ, Combes AJ, Char R, Gigan J-P, Baaziz AI, Bousiquot E, et al. SCENITH: a flow cytometry-based method to functionally profile energy metabolism with single-cell resolution. Cell Metab 2020;32:1063–1075.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2020.11.007.Zeyda M, Säemann MD, Stuhlmeier KM, Mascher DG, Nowotny PN, Zlabinger GJ, et al. Polyunsaturated fatty acids block dendritic cell activation and function independently of NF-κB activation. J Biol Chem 2005;280:14293–301. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m410000200.Ethics ApprovalThe Cancer Immunotherapeutics Tissue Use Committee approved samples from healthy donors at UCSF.

scholarly journals ω-6 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid) activate both autophagy and antioxidation in a synergistic feedback loop via TOR-dependent and TOR-independent signaling pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Mengjiao Wu ◽  
Xueshan Li ◽  
Kangsen Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Ability

Abstract ω-6 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential fatty acids that participate in macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) and the Kelch ECH-associating protein 1 (Keap1)—nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant system in organisms. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ω-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid) regulate autophagy and Keap1–Nrf2 antioxidant system are not completely understood. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to explore the molecular mechanisms by which ω-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid) regulate autophagy and antioxidant system and to investigate the potential relationship between autophagy and antioxidant system through transcriptomic analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot analysis, coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) in vivo and in vitro. The results of the present study indicated that ω-6 PUFAs in diets induced autophagy but decrease antioxidant ability in vivo. However, the results also provided evidence, for the first time, that ω-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid) induced autophagy and increased antioxidant ability through the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway and the AMPK-target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway in hepatocytes in vitro. Interestingly, the findings revealed a ω-6 PUFA-induced synergistic feedback loop between autophagy and antioxidant system, which are connected with each other through the P62 and Keap1 complex. These results suggested that ω-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid) could be useful for activating a synergistic feedback loop between autophagy and antioxidant system and could greatly aid in the prevention and treatment of multiple pathologies.

scholarly journals Heat stress elicits remodeling in the anther lipidome of peanut

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zolian S. Zoong Lwe ◽  
Ruth Welti ◽  
Daniel Anco ◽  
Salman Naveed ◽  
Sachin Rustgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Susceptible Genotype ◽  
Unsaturated Lipid ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Lipid Unsaturation ◽  
Fatty Acid Amount

AbstractUnderstanding the changes in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) anther lipidome under heat stress (HT) will aid in understanding the mechanisms of heat tolerance. We profiled the anther lipidome of seven genotypes exposed to ambient temperature (AT) or HT during flowering. Under AT and HT, the lipidome was dominated by phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and triacylglycerol (TAG) species (> 50% of total lipids). Of 89 lipid analytes specified by total acyl carbons:total carbon–carbon double bonds, 36:6, 36:5, and 34:3 PC and 34:3 PE (all contain 18:3 fatty acid and decreased under HT) were the most important lipids that differentiated HT from AT. Heat stress caused decreases in unsaturation indices of membrane lipids, primarily due to decreases in highly-unsaturated lipid species that contained 18:3 fatty acids. In parallel, the expression of Fatty Acid Desaturase 3-2 (FAD3-2; converts 18:2 fatty acids to 18:3) decreased under HT for the heat-tolerant genotype SPT 06-07 but not for the susceptible genotype Bailey. Our results suggested that decreasing lipid unsaturation levels by lowering 18:3 fatty-acid amount through reducing FAD3 expression is likely an acclimation mechanism to heat stress in peanut. Thus, genotypes that are more efficient in doing so will be relatively more tolerant to HT.

N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Modulate In-Vitro T Cell Function in Type I Diabetic Patients

Lipids ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 485-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sid Ahmed Merzouk ◽  
Meriem Saker ◽  
Karima Briksi Reguig ◽  
Nassima Soulimane ◽  
Hafida Merzouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
T Cell Function

scholarly journals n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids provoke a specific transcriptional profile in rabbit adipose‐derived stem cells in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 925-934
Author(s):  
Eкaterina Vackova ◽  
Darko Bosnakovski ◽  
Bodil Bjørndal ◽  
Penka Yonkova ◽  
Natalia Grigorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Transcriptional Profile ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells

scholarly journals Quantification of Volatile Aldehydes Deriving from In Vitro Lipid Peroxidation in the Breath of Ventilated Patients

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3089
Author(s):  
Lukas M. Müller-Wirtz ◽  
Daniel Kiefer ◽  
Sven Ruffing ◽  
Timo Brausch ◽  
Tobias Hüppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Breathing Circuit ◽  
Aliphatic Aldehydes ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
Ventilated Patients

Exhaled aliphatic aldehydes were proposed as non-invasive biomarkers to detect increased lipid peroxidation in various diseases. As a prelude to clinical application of the multicapillary column–ion mobility spectrometry for the evaluation of aldehyde exhalation, we, therefore: (1) identified the most abundant volatile aliphatic aldehydes originating from in vitro oxidation of various polyunsaturated fatty acids; (2) evaluated emittance of aldehydes from plastic parts of the breathing circuit; (3) conducted a pilot study for in vivo quantification of exhaled aldehydes in mechanically ventilated patients. Pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, and nonanal were quantifiable in the headspace of oxidizing polyunsaturated fatty acids, with pentanal and hexanal predominating. Plastic parts of the breathing circuit emitted hexanal, octanal, nonanal, and decanal, whereby nonanal and decanal were ubiquitous and pentanal or heptanal not being detected. Only pentanal was quantifiable in breath of mechanically ventilated surgical patients with a mean exhaled concentration of 13 ± 5 ppb. An explorative analysis suggested that pentanal exhalation is associated with mechanical power—a measure for the invasiveness of mechanical ventilation. In conclusion, exhaled pentanal is a promising non-invasive biomarker for lipid peroxidation inducing pathologies, and should be evaluated in future clinical studies, particularly for detection of lung injury.

scholarly journals Rapid Mobilization of Membrane Lipids in Wheat Leaf Sheaths During Incompatible Interactions with Hessian Fly

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 920-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieceng Zhu ◽  
Xuming Liu ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Chitvan Khajuria ◽  
John C. Reese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Hessian Fly ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Defense Molecules ◽  
Compatible Interactions ◽  
Incompatible Interactions

Hessian fly (HF) is a biotrophic insect that interacts with wheat on a gene-for-gene basis. We profiled changes in membrane lipids in two isogenic wheat lines: a susceptible line and its backcrossed offspring containing the resistance gene H13. Our results revealed a 32 to 45% reduction in total concentrations of 129 lipid species in resistant plants during incompatible interactions within 24 h after HF attack. A smaller and delayed response was observed in susceptible plants during compatible interactions. Microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses of 168 lipid-metabolism-related transcripts revealed that the abundance of many of these transcripts increased rapidly in resistant plants after HF attack but did not change in susceptible plants. In association with the rapid mobilization of membrane lipids, the concentrations of some fatty acids and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) increased specifically in resistant plants. Exogenous application of OPDA increased mortality of HF larvae significantly. Collectively, our data, along with previously published results, indicate that the lipids were mobilized through lipolysis, producing free fatty acids, which were likely further converted into oxylipins and other defense molecules. Our results suggest that rapid mobilization of membrane lipids constitutes an important step for wheat to defend against HF attack.

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