Antibiotics and oxygen availability affect the short-term storage of spermatozoa from the critically endangered booroolong frog, Litoria booroolongensis

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimee J. Silla ◽  
Leesa M. Keogh ◽  
Phillip G. Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Oxygen Availability ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sperm Velocity ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Sperm Longevity ◽  
Sperm Suspension ◽  
Experimental Treatments

Sperm-storage technologies aim to extend sperm longevity and increase the time available to achieve artificial fertilisation. The aim of the present study was to quantify the effects of antibiotic supplementation (4 mg mL–1 gentamicin) and altered gaseous storage environment (100%, 20% and 0% O2) on sperm longevity in the critically endangered booroolong frog, Litoria booroolongensis. A split-sample experimental design was adopted, whereby each sperm suspension (n = 10) was evenly divided among six experimental treatments (100% O2 with antibiotic, 20% O2 with antibiotic, 0% O2 with antibiotic, 100% O2 without antibiotic, 20% O2 without antibiotic, 0% O2 without antibiotic). Sperm suspensions were refrigerated at 5°C for the duration of the 21-day storage period. Percentage sperm motility and sperm velocity were quantified every 3 days using a computer-assisted sperm analysis system. Treatments aerated with either 100% or 20% oxygen, without the addition of the antibiotic gentamicin, consistently exhibited the highest percentage sperm motility. On Day 21 of storage, sperm suspensions in these two treatments (100% O2 without antibiotic, 20% O2 without antibiotic) maintained 61.3% and 52.0% sperm motility, respectively, whereas all remaining experimental treatments exhibited <30% sperm motility. Sperm velocity did not differ significantly among storage treatments, at any of the sampling periods, with the exception of day 21. Overall, the results from this study indicate that increased oxygen availability is beneficial to sperm longevity, but that gentamicin inhibits sperm motility in L. booroolongensis.

scholarly journals Sperm motility activation in the critically endangered booroolong frog: the effect of medium osmolality and phosphodiesterase inhibitors

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 2277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimee J. Silla ◽  
Leesa M. Keogh ◽  
Phillip G. Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sperm Activation ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Sperm Longevity ◽  
Pde Inhibitors ◽  
Activation Data ◽  
Optimal Procedures

Effective activation of sperm motility is fundamental to successful artificial fertilisation; however, studies investigating optimal procedures in amphibians are lacking. This study found the optimal osmolality of activation media for sperm motility activation and evaluated the effect of phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors on sperm activation and longevity in the critically endangered booroolong frog, Litoria booroolongensis. To assess the effect of medium osmolality (10, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 mOsmol kg−1) and PDE inhibitors (control, 2.5 mM caffeine, 5 mM caffeine, 2.5 mM pentoxifylline, 5 mM pentoxifylline, 2.5 mM theophylline and 5 mM theophylline) on initial activation, percentage sperm motility and sperm velocity were quantified using computer-assisted sperm analysis. To assess the effect of PDE inhibitors (control, 2.5 mM caffeine and 2.5 mM theophylline) on sperm longevity, percentage motility and velocity were assessed hourly until 10 h after activation. High (>60%) percentage motility was achieved in a broad range of activation-medium osmolalities (10–75 mOsmol kg−1). PDE inhibitors did not have an effect on initial sperm motility or velocity, but caffeine and theophylline improved sperm longevity, significantly increasing motility and velocity at 8, 9 and 10 h after activation. Data also show that sperm longevity in L. booroolongensis is extreme, with spermatozoa remaining motile more than twice as long as those of any other anuran amphibian.

scholarly journals Seminal and spermatic characteristics of fresh semen and the effects of sperm cooling in Steindachneridion melanodermatum (Garavello, 2005)

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4493
Author(s):  
Ronan Maciel Marcos ◽  
Giovano Neumann ◽  
Cesar Pereira Rebechi de Toledo ◽  
João Marcos Sena ◽  
Gilmar Baumgartner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Sperm Velocity ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Sperm Activation ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Fresh Semen

<p>This study describes the seminal and spermatic characteristics of fresh semen of <em>Steindachneridion melanodermatum </em>and investigates the effects of dilution, temperature, and storage period on its spermatic parameters. Sperm samples were collected from nine hormonally-induced males. The following parameters in fresh sperm were analyzed: seminal plasma osmolality (OSM), seminal pH, sperm motility (MOT), sperm velocity (SV) (including sperm curvilinear velocity (CVV), sperm straight-line velocity (SLV), and sperm average path velocity (APV)), total time of sperm motility (TEMP), sperm concentration (CONC), and index of sperm normality (NORM). Sperm samples from each male were diluted in a solution containing 5% fructose and 5% powdered milk, and stored at 10°C and 25°C. The same was carried out for sperm samples not subjected to dilution. From these samples, MOT, CVV, SLV, APV, SV, and TEMP were measured after 0 h, 5 h, 9 h, 18 h, 27 h, 36 h, 45 h, and 54 h. Males released 11.74 ± 5.38 mL of sperm, with an osmolality of 258.78 ± 29.36 mOsm.kg-1 and pH of 7.11 ± 0.31. The sperm presented a MOT of 99.86 ± 0.31% at a concentration of 1.03 × 1010 ± 3.65 × 109 spermatozoa.mL-1 with CVV of 185.58 ± 14.11 ?m.s-1, SLV of 49.15 ± 4.66 ?m.s-1, APV of 87.02 ± 4.13 ?m.s-1, SV of 106.52 ± 4.45 ?m.s-1, TEMP of 79.31 ± 5.62 s, NORM of 75.81 ± 5.71%. The results indicate that sperm motility, sperm velocity, and total time of sperm activation were affected by dilution, storage temperature, and storage period (p &lt; 0.05). Procedures for semen storage should be performed with undiluted sperm cooled at 10°C, or kept undiluted at 25°C for up to 27 h.</p>

17 Increased inbreeding levels negatively affect sperm kinetics and motility in Purebred Spanish horses

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Y. Pirosanto ◽  
A. Molina ◽  
M. Valera ◽  
J. Dorado ◽  
E. Terán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficient ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Head Displacement

Reproductive performance is one of the key factors in livestock production. It is well known that reproductive traits are influenced by several genetic factors, such as the increase of individual inbreeding levels, which are associated with changes in sperm motility and shape in several species. In horses, the increase in inbreeding is a common problem because of the reduction in effective population size and the increase in selection intensity observed in several breeds. However, studies assessing the effect of high levels of inbreeding on the sperm quality of stallions are scarce. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effect of increased inbreeding levels and age on the sperm motility patterns of Purebred Spanish horses (PRE). We performed kinetic characterisation of 557 sperm samples of 82 PRE stallions aged between 3 and16 years, using computer-assisted sperm analysis (Androvision™, Minitube). We evaluated 5 parameters in 6 different fields per sample: curved line velocity (VCL, µm/s), velocity average path (VAP, µm/s), velocity straight line (VSL, µm/s), amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH, µm), and beat-cross frequency (BCF, Hz). We determined the pedigree-based inbreeding coefficient (Fped) based on ∼300,000 PRE pedigree records to evaluate the inbreeding effect. Individuals were separated into 2 groups: highly inbred (n=339) and lowly inbred (n=218) according to an F value of 12.5%. Differences between groups were analysed using a generalized linear model. The analysis did not show significant differences (P&gt;0.05) in the variables analysed with respect to the age of stallions. However, VAP, VCL, and AHL were lower in highly inbred than in lowly inbred animals (P&lt;0.05), suggesting less velocity and amplitude of head displacement. In the case of BCF, no significant differences (P&gt;0.05) were observed between the two study groups. In conclusion, age did not affect sperm quality parameters in the age group of stallions analysed. In addition, we demonstrated that high inbreeding coefficient reduced the mean velocity and trajectory pattern of spermatozoa in PRE.

scholarly journals Effects of chilled storage and pH of activating solution on different motility parameters in burbot (Lota lota) sperm

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 429-434
Author(s):  
Zoltán Bokor ◽  
Balázs Csorbai ◽  
Levente Várkonyi ◽  
Zsolt Szári ◽  
Ferenc Fodor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Chilled Storage ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
H 26 ◽  
Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis ◽  
Motility Parameters ◽  
Activating Solution

The effects of a simple saline solution prepared using two different pH (4.4 and 8.5) on sperm motility in burbot were investigated. Results were recorded during a 96-hour chilled storage (4°C) in 24-hour intervals. Measurements were focused on the detailed characteristics of motility using 12 parameters obtained from the Computer-assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA). Significantly higher progressive motility (pMOT), distance average path (DAP), distance curved line, distance straight line (DSL), average path velocity (VAP), curvilinear velocity, straight line velocity, and beat cross frequency (BCF) were observed with the activating solution buffered at pH 8.5 in comparison with pH 4.4. Already after 24 h a significant reduction was measured in pMOT (0 h: 49 ± 24%, 24 h: 12 ± 7%). Similar decreasing tendency was recorded only after 72 h in DAP (0 h: 26 ± 4 µm/s, 72 h: 19 ± 9 µm/s), DSL (0 h: 21 ± 5 µm/s, 72 h: 17 ± 8 µm/s), VAP (0 h: 59 ± 9 µm/s, 72 h: 43 ± 21 µm/s), and BCF (0 h: 28 ± 2 Hz, 72 h: 18 ± 10 Hz). The response of different investigated CASA parameters to different treatments varied in our experiments. According to our studies, numerous burbot sperm motility parameters are sensitive to chilled storage and to low pH of the activating solution. Our results could support the effective sperm quality assessment and successful artificial propagation process in burbot.

scholarly journals Effects of Astaxanthin on Miniature Pig Sperm Cryopreservation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunjoo Lee ◽  
Daeyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Miniature Pig ◽  
Oxidation Stress ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Semen Parameter ◽  
Boar Sperm ◽  
Sperm Plasma Membrane

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of astaxanthin added to freezing buffer on semen parameters, total sperm oxidation stress after postthawing of boar sperm, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) which is caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in sperm membrane. Varying concentrations of astaxanthin (0, 10, 50, 100, and 500 μM) were used in the freezing buffer during cryopreservation to protect the DNA of thawed miniature pig sperm. Semen parameter was measured using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) for sperm motility, and then ROS rate and oxidative stress of boar sperm were determined using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Sperm motility was higher (p<0.05) in the astaxanthin group than in the control group. Sperm motility and the number of progressive motile sperm were higher (p<0.05) in the astaxanthin 500 μM group than in the control group. In ROS evaluation, the astaxanthin group had lower intracellular O2 and H2O2 in viable sperm. Yo-Pro-I/HE and PI/H2DCFDA staining as revealed using flow cytometry was lower in astaxanthin groups than in the other groups. As a result, we found that astaxanthin could protect the sperm plasma membrane from free radicals and LPO during boar sperm postthawing.

Chlamydia trachomatis-induced death of human spermatozoa is caused primarily by lipopolysaccharide

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hosseinzadeh ◽  
A.A. Pacey ◽  
A. Eley
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Human Spermatozoa ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Osmotic Swelling ◽  
Potent Effect ◽  
Sperm Analysis

Elementary bodies (EBs) of Chlamydia trachomatis serovar E are more toxic to sperm than those from serovar LGV. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was prepared from the EBs of both serovars and incubated with human spermatozoa at concentrations that matched the LPS concentration of EBs. The effects of EBs and LPS on sperm motility, viability and acrosomal status were then determined. Sperm motility was measured by computer-assisted sperm analysis and the hypo-osmotic swelling test was used to determine the proportion of dead cells. Acrosomal status was examined using a standard mAb assay. Over a 6 h incubation, LPS from both serovars resulted in a marked reduction in sperm motility (and a concomitant increase in the proportion of dead spermatozoa) in a manner similar to that seen in response to EBs of serovar E. In addition, when sperm were incubated with a range of doses of EBs and LPS, probit analysis revealed that the greater spermicidal effects of EBs from serovar E (when compared with serovar LGV) were not observed when sperm were incubated with LPS from the two serovars. This suggests that the more potent effect of EBs of serovar E cannot be explained entirely by differences in the composition of LPS. Interestingly, Escherichia coli LPS was required in doses 500 times more concentrated than chlamydial LPS in order to kill a similar proportion of sperm, suggesting that bacterial LPSs may differ in their spermicidal properties. However, that chlamydial LPS was spermicidal was demonstrated by the use of polymyxin B (a polycationic antibiotic known to neutralize LPS effects), confirming that the effects observed were primarily a result of LPS activity.

Swim-up of tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) spermatozoa in Biggers, Whitter and Whittingham (BWW) medium: maximisation of sperm motility, minimisation of impairment of sperm metabolism and induction of sperm hyperactivation

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjie Lin ◽  
Xiyi Zhang ◽  
Ray N. Murdoch ◽  
R. John Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
First Record ◽  
Tammar Wallaby ◽  
The Other ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Rapid Induction ◽  
Marsupial Species ◽  
Accurate Quantification ◽  
Better Than

A variety of media were compared for their ability to sustain the motility of tammar wallaby spermatozoa over an 8-h period following swim–up from coagulated semen. The study demonstrated that a modified Tyrode’s solution, Biggers, Whitter and Whittingham medium (BWW) was significantly better than any of the other assessed media in supporting wallaby sperm motility. After 8 h of incubation in BWW, motility was maintained at 79.3 ± 9.3%, with 77.0 ± 10.4% rapid and 65.7 ± 8.7% progressively motile spermatozoa. By contrast, motility was <10% at the same 8-h time point in all of the other media assessed. After 2 h of incubation in BWW, tammar spermatozoa consumed more oxygen than their counterparts in PBS (52.0 ± 2.7 vs 75.0 ± 6.6 μL per 108 spermatozoa per 2 h; P < 0.001). Motility was not enhanced in any of these media by the addition of 5 mM N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, the major energy substrate in wallaby semen. However, addition of dibutyryl cAMP and pentoxifylline in BWW resulted in the extremely rapid induction of hyperactivated motility in the entire sperm population. This burst of hyperactivated motility was entirely dependent on calcium in BWW and significantly inhibited by calmidazolium, a calmodulin inhibitor. A set of computer-assisted sperm analysis parameters were identified that permitted the accurate quantification of hyperactivation rates in this species. This is the first comparative analysis of media for harvesting and incubating marsupial spermatozoa and the first record of hyperactivated motility in any marsupial species.

Application of Computer-assisted Sperm Analysis in Selecting the Suitable Solution for Common Carp,Cyprinus carpioL., Sperm Motility

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Irena Cejko ◽  
Beata Sarosiek ◽  
Radosław Kajetan Kowalski ◽  
Sławomir Krejszeff ◽  
Dariusz Kucharczyk
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Suitable Solution ◽  
Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis

scholarly journals Nitric oxide stimulates human sperm motility via activation of the cyclic GMP/protein kinase G signaling pathway

Reproduction ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Miraglia ◽  
Federico De Angelis ◽  
Elena Gazzano ◽  
Hossain Hassanpour ◽  
Angela Bertagna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Soluble Guanylate Cyclase ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Cgmp Analog ◽  
Dependent Protein

Nitric oxide (NO), a modulator of several physiological processes, is involved in different human sperm functions. We have investigated whether NO may stimulate the motility of human spermatozoa via activation of the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)/cGMP pathway. Sperm samples obtained by masturbation from 70 normozoospermic patients were processed by the swim-up technique. The kinetic parameters of the motile sperm-rich fractions were assessed by computer-assisted sperm analysis. After a 30–90 min incubation, the NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) exerted a significant enhancing effect on progressive motility (77, 78, and 78% vs 66, 65, and 62% of the control at the corresponding time), straight linear velocity (44, 49, and 48 μm/s vs 34, 35, and 35.5 μm/s), curvilinear velocity (81, 83, and 84 μm/s vs 68 μm/s), and average path velocity (52, 57, and 54 μm/s vs 40, 42, and 42 μm/s) at 5 μM but not at lower concentrations, and in parallel increased the synthesis of cGMP. A similar effect was obtained with the NO donor spermine NONOate after 30 and 60 min. The GSNO-induced effects on sperm motility were abolished by 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (a specific sGC inhibitor) and mimicked by 8-bromo-cGMP (8-Br-cGMP; a cell-permeating cGMP analog); the treatment with Rp-8-Br-cGMPS (an inhibitor of cGMP-dependent protein kinases) prevented both the GSNO- and the 8-Br-cGMP-induced responses. On the contrary, we did not observe any effect of the cGMP/PRKG1 (PKG) pathway modulators on the onset of hyperactivated sperm motility. Our results suggest that NO stimulates human sperm motility via the activation of sGC, the subsequent synthesis of cGMP, and the activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinases.

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