Effect of hypobaric hypoxia on lamb intrauterine growth: comparison between high- and low-altitude native ewes

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor H. Parraguez ◽  
Miljenko Atlagich ◽  
Rodrigo Díaz ◽  
María E. Bruzzone ◽  
Claus Behn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypobaric Hypoxia ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Fetal Lamb ◽  
Entire Pregnancy ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Lamb Growth ◽  
Length Of Gestation

The present studies assessed the effect of hypobaric hypoxia on fetal lamb growth in high-altitude (HA) and low-altitude (LA) native ewes. Growth patterns of fetal biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal diameter (AD) and thorax height (TH) were described by consecutive ultrasound measurements throughout the entire pregnancy. Three groups of animals were used: (1) pregnant LA ewes kept at LA (control; ‘LL’ group); (2) pregnant LA ewes moved to HA immediately after confirmation of pregnancy (‘LH’ group); and (3) pregnant HA ewes kept at HA throughout the entire pregnancy (‘HH’ group). The slope of the BPD curve was higher in LL fetuses followed by that in LH fetuses. During the last month of pregnancy, TH was higher in LH and HH fetuses, whereas AD was higher in LL than in LH fetuses. The length of gestation was longer in HH ewes (153.2 ± 4.3 days) than in LH and LL ewes (146.0 ± 5.5 and 145.0 ± 3.0 days, respectively). Bodyweight at birth was higher for LL newborns (4.2 ± 0.3 kg) than for LH and HH newborns (3.0 ± 0.5 and 3.2 ± 0.8 kg, respectively), whereas placental weight was higher in the HH group (396 ± 80 g) than in the LH (303 ± 64 g) and LL (280 ± 40 g) groups. In conclusion, an HA environment modifies fetal growth and pregnancy outcome with the magnitude of effects depending on the time of residence at HA.

scholarly journals OP13.03: Gastroschisis: Fetal biometry and intrauterine growth patterns

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-352
Author(s):  
A. L. Horton ◽  
M. S. Powell ◽  
L. C. Messer ◽  
H. M. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

INTRAUTERINE GROWTH IN LENGTH AND HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE AS ESTIMATED FROM LIVE BIRTHS AT GESTATIONAL AGES FROM 26 TO 42 WEEKS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lula O. Lubchenco ◽  
Charlotte Hansman ◽  
Edith Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Head Circumference ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Charts of intrauterine growth in length, weight-length ratio and head circumference as estimated from liveborn measurements are presented. These, in conjunction with intrauterine weight charts, permit the identification of infants with unusual intrauterine growth patterns.

scholarly journals Prenatal intrauterine growth restriction and risk of retinopathy of prematurity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Chu ◽  
Yasmeen Dhindsa ◽  
Myung Shin Sim ◽  
Marie Altendahl ◽  
Irena Tsui
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Prenatal Growth ◽  
Postnatal Growth Failure

Abstract Low birthweight and decreased postnatal weight gain are known predictors of worse retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) but the role of prenatal growth patterns in ROP remains inconclusive. To distinguish small for gestational age (SGA) from intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) as independent predictors of ROP, we performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who received ROP screening examinations at a level IV neonatal intensive care unit over a 7-year period. Data on IUGR and SGA status, worst stage of and need for treatment for ROP, and postnatal growth was obtained. 343 infants were included for analysis (mean gestational age = 28.6 weeks and birth weight = 1138.2 g). IUGR infants were more likely to have a worse stage of ROP and treatment-requiring ROP (both p < 0.0001) compared to non-IUGR infants. IUGR infants were more likely to be older at worst stage of ROP (p < 0.0001) and to develop postnatal growth failure (p = 0.01) than non-IUGR infants. Independent of postnatal growth failure status, IUGR infants had a 4–5 × increased risk of needing ROP treatment (p < 0.001) compared to non-IUGR infants. SGA versus appropriate for gestational age infants did not demonstrate differences in retinopathy outcomes, age at worst ROP stage, or postnatal growth failure. These findings emphasize the importance of prenatal growth on ROP development.

scholarly journals OP13.09: Birthweight and intrauterine growth patterns of fetuses of pregnant women post-bariatric surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 90-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Maric ◽  
C. Kanu ◽  
D. Muller ◽  
I. Tzoulaki ◽  
M. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Post Bariatric Surgery

scholarly journals Early Maternal Thyroid Function During Gestation Is Associated With Fetal Growth, Particularly in Male Newborns

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 1059-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte ◽  
E. Jessica Hrudey ◽  
Marcel B. Twickler
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Maternal Thyroid

Abstract Background: Intrauterine growth patterns are influenced by maternal thyroid function during gestation and by fetal sex. It is unknown, however, whether the relationships between maternal thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4) levels in early pregnancy and fetal growth outcomes are modified by fetal sex. Design: Data were obtained from a community-based cohort study of pregnant women living in Amsterdam (Amsterdam Born Children and Their Development study). TSH and fT4 levels were determined during the first prenatal screening at median 13 weeks (interquartile range, 12 to 14). Women with live-born singletons and no overt thyroid dysfunction were included (N = 3988). Associations between these maternal hormones and birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age (LGA) were analyzed separately for each sex. Results: After adjustments, 1 pmol/L increase in maternal fT4 levels was associated with a reduction in birth weight of 33.7 g (P &lt; 0.001) in male newborns and 16.1 g (P &lt; 0.05) in female newborns. Increased maternal fT4 was not associated with increased odds for SGA, but was associated with a decreased odds for LGA in boys [per 1 pmol/L; odds ratio (OR), 0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69 to 0.90]. Maternal subclinical hypothyroidism in early pregnancy (TSH &gt; 2.5 mU/L, 7.3%) was associated with increased odds for LGA in male newborns (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.22 to 3.11). Conclusion: Maternal fT4 in early pregnancy was observed to be inversely associated with birth weight, with a stronger relationship in males. Male infants also had increased odds for LGA in mothers with subclinical hypothyroidism. Sexual dimorphism appears to be present in the relationship between maternal thyroid metabolism and fetal intrauterine growth, with stronger associations in male infants.

scholarly journals Intrauterine Fetal Growth Retardation: A Comparison of Human Placental Lactogen Urinary Oestriol and Biparietal Diameter Measurements

1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 15-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Robinson ◽  
W. R. Chatfield ◽  
R. W. Logan ◽  
Frances Hall
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Placental Lactogen ◽  
Fetal Growth Retardation ◽  
Human Placental Lactogen ◽  
Reliable Prediction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Biparietal Diameter

Forty-two ‘at risk’ pregnancies were serially monitored by sonar biparietal cephalometry, 24 h urinary oestriol assays and determination of serum human placental lactogen. The results were assessed by a scoring system, and it was found that a combination of sonar cephalometry and 24 h urinary oestriol assays gave the most reliable prediction of intrauterine growth retardation.

Amniotic fluid composition in the fetal lamb with intrauterine growth restriction

1999 ◽  
Vol 180 (3) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salha S. Daniel ◽  
Raymond I. Stark ◽  
Pamela J. Tropper ◽  
L.Stanley James
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Fetal Lamb

Effect of high altitude and exercise on microvascular parameters in acclimatized subjects

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Bauer ◽  
Florian Demetz ◽  
Dirk Bruegger ◽  
Martin Schmoelz ◽  
Sebastian Schroepfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Hypobaric Hypoxia ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Acute Mountain Sickness ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Microvascular Permeability ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Fluid Exchange ◽  
Equilibrium Pressure ◽  
Low Altitude

The role of microvascular fluid shifts in the adaptation to hypobaric hypoxia and its contribution to the pathophysiology of AMS (acute mountain sickness) is unresolved. In a systematic prospective study, we investigated the effects of hypobaric hypoxia and physical exercise alone, and in combination, on microvascular fluid exchange and related factors. We used computer-assisted VCP (venous congestion plethysmography) on the calves of ten altitude-acclimatized volunteers. We investigated the effects of: (i) actively climbing to an altitude of 3196 m, (ii) airlifting these subjects to the same altitude, and (iii) exercise at low altitude. CFC (capillary filtration capacity), Pvi (isovolumetric venous pressure) and Qa (calf blood flow) were assessed before and after each procedure and then repeated after an overnight rest. Measurements of CFC showed no evidence of increased microvascular permeability after any of the procedures. Pvi was significantly decreased (P<0.001) from 20.3±4.4 to 8.9±4.3 mmHg after active ascent, and was still significantly lower (P=0.009) after overnight rest at high altitude (13.6±5.9 mmHg). No such changes were observed after the passive ascent (16.7±4.0 mmHg at baseline; 17.3±4.5 mmHg after passive ascent; and 19.9±5.3 mmHg after overnight rest) or after exercise at low altitude. After the active ascent, Qa was significantly increased. We also found a significant correlation between Qa, Pvi and the number of circulating white blood cells. In conclusion, we found evidence to support the hypothesis that increased microvascular permeability associated with AMS does not occur in acclimatized subjects. We also observed that the microvascular equilibrium pressure (Pvi) fell in inverse relation to the increase in Qa, especially in hypoxic exercise. We hypothesize that this inverse relationship reflects the haemodynamic changes at the microvascular interface, possibly attributable to the flow-induced increases in endothelial surface shear forces.

Intrauterine Growth Patterns in Fetal Gastroschisis

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Horton ◽  
Marcy Powell ◽  
Honor Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Intrauterine Growth
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document