Diminished PGE2 content, enhanced PGE2 release and defects in 3H-PGE2 transport in embryos from overtly diabetic rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Jawerbaum ◽  
Elida T. Gonzalez ◽  
Débora Sinner ◽  
Carolina Pustovrh ◽  
Verónica White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Pge2 Release ◽  
Uptake And Release

Diminished PGE2 levels in diabetic embryos are related to the development of malformations, and thus the aim of the present study was to determine whether PGE2 levels are modified in rat embryos cultured in diabetic serum during organogenesis, and if PGE2 content and release, and 3H-PGE2 uptake and release, are altered in incubated diabetic embryos. Rats were made diabetic by steptozotocin (60 mg kg–1) before mating. Control rat embryos cultured for 24 h (explantation Day 9) in the presence of diabetic serum showed diminished PGE2 levels. When Day 10 diabetic embryos were incubated, embryo PGE2 levels were lower, but the PGE2 released to the incubation media was much higher than in controls. Uptake of 3H-PGE2 by diabetic embryos was initially enhanced (5–10 min), then reached similar levels to controls (20–100 min). Release of 3H-PGE2 previously incorporated during a 60-min incubation was greater in diabetic embryos than in controls. These results show diminished PGE2 content in both diabetic and normal embryos cultured in the presence of diabetic serum, but suggest that diabetic embryos have the capability to produce and release high levels of PGE2. The enhanced release of PGE2 is probably the result of transport abnormalities, and leads to the elevated PGE2 concentrations found in the incubating medium and to the diminished intraembryonic PGE2 levels that alter embryonic development.

In vitro analysis of glucose metabolism and embryonic growth in postimplantation rat embryos

Development ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Ellington
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Embryonic Growth ◽  
Stage Of Development

The glucose metabolism and embryonic development of rat embryos during organogenesis was studied using embryo culture. Glucose uptake and embryonic growth and differentiation of 10.5-day explants (embryos + membranes) were limited by the decreasing glucose concentration, but not the increasing concentration of metabolites, in the culture media during the second 24 h of a 48 h culture. No such limitations were found on the embryonic development of 9.5-day explants during a 48 h culture although glucose uptake was slightly reduced at very low concentrations of glucose. From the head-fold stage to the 25-somite stage of development, glucose uptake was characteristic of the stage of development of the embryo and not the time it had been in culture. Embryonic growth of 9.5-day explants was similar to that previously observed in vivo. Glucose uptake by 9.5-day explants was dependent on the surface area of the yolk sac and was independent of the glucose concentration in the culture media (within the range of 9.4 to 2.5 mM). The proportion of glucose converted to lactate was 100% during the first 42h of culture then fell to about 50% during the final 6h. The protein contents of both the extraembryonic membranes and the embryo were dependent on the glucose uptake.

An investigation of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants on embryonic development in cultured rat embryos

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 715-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Karabulut ◽  
R. Reisli ◽  
I. I. Uysal ◽  
J. B. Çelik ◽  
T. Ziylan
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Muscle Relaxants ◽  
Rat Embryos

Low-temperature cryopreservation of BB rat embryos of spontaneously diabetic rats

Metabolism ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V. Rajotte ◽  
L.C. Bruch ◽  
L.E. McGann ◽  
D.C. Secord ◽  
J.M. Turc
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Bb Rat ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Spontaneously Diabetic Rats

An investigation of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants on embryonic development in cultured rat embryos

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 715-724
Author(s):  
A. K. Karabulut ◽  
R. Reisli ◽  
I. I. Uysal ◽  
J. B. Çelik ◽  
T. Ziylan
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Muscle Relaxants ◽  
Rat Embryos

Development of Rat Embryos Cultured in Serum from Diabetic Rats

Neonatology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Menegola ◽  
Maria Luisa Broccia ◽  
Mariangela Prati ◽  
Erminio Giavini
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Rat Embryos

Serum variants causing the formation of double hearts and other abnormalities in explanted rat embryos

Development ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-719
Author(s):  
C. E. Steele ◽  
D. A. T. New
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Fibrin Clot ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Homologous Serum

Rat embryos explanted before organogenesis (8½ days gestation) were grown in culture in homologous serum. When the serum was prepared from blood centrifuged after clotting, the embryos developed double hearts. In serum prepared from blood centrifuged before clotting had occurred, and in plasma, the embryos developed normal single hearts. The delayed-centrifuged (D.C.) serum also supported less growth of older embryos than the immediately-centrifuged (I.C.) serum. The harmful properties of D.C. serum appeared rapidly in contact with a normal blood clot but did not develop in contact with separated blood cells and fibrin clot. Mixtures of D.C. and I.C. sera gave results intermediate between those from the two sera alone. No significant differences were found between D.C. and I.C. serum in calcium or complement content but both supported better embryonic development after pre-heating.

The effect of cathepsin inhibitor on rat embryos grown in vitro

Development ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Felix Beck ◽  
Adam Lowy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Storage Disease ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Protein Breakdown ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Visceral Layer

The addition of leupeptin to New cultures of rat embryos produces growth retardation and abnormalities of embryonic development. The effect is probably due to inhibition of the maternal protein breakdown necessary for embryonic growth. This function is carried out by the visceral layer of the yolk sac which shows distinct morphological changes akin to storage disease when leupeptin is added to the culture medium. We have not found it possible to reverse the effects of leupeptin by addition of amino acids to the culture medium.

Sites of Insulin Action Using Ferritin Labeling

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 540-541
Author(s):  
Burton B. Silver ◽  
Ronald S. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Insulin Antibody ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Uranium Salts ◽  
Sugar Levels

Some investigators feel that insulin does not enter cells but exerts its influence in some manner on the cell surface. Ferritin labeling of insulin and insulin antibody was used to determine if binding sites of insulin to specific target organs could be seen with electron microscopy.Alloxanized rats were considered diabetic if blood sugar levels were in excess of 300 mg %. Test reagents included ferritin, ferritin labeled insulin, and ferritin labeled insulin antibody. Target organs examined were were diaphragm, kidney, gastrocnemius, fat pad, liver and anterior pituitary. Reagents were administered through the left common carotid. Survival time was at least one hour in test animals. Tissue incubation studies were also done in normal as well as diabetic rats. Specimens were fixed in gluteraldehyde and osmium followed by staining with lead and uranium salts. Some tissues were not stained.

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