Effects of Various Solutes on the Thermostability of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase and Malate Dehydrogenase of Isolated Plant Mitochondria.

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 715 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Nash ◽  
JT Wiskich
Keyword(s):  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Plant Mitochondria ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Osmotic Effect ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Proline and betaine increased the thermostability of NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.41) and of NAD-malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37) when mitochondria isolated from pea leaves (Pisum sativum L.), wheat leaves (Triticum aestivum L.) and cauliflower buds (Brassica oleracea L.) were heated. Potassium chloride and choline chloride also increased the thermostability of isocitrate dehydrogenase in the three species, but their effects on malate dehydrogenase varied. Protection was found with both intact and disrupted mitochondria, indicating that it was not dependent on an osmotic effect. Proline and KCl also prolonged membrane integrity, as measured by impermeability to NAD+, during heating of pea leaf and cauliflower bud mitochondria. Phenylalanine reduced the thermostability of isocitrate dehydrogenase, indicating that protection is not a general solute effect.

Effect of Proline, Betaine and Some Other Solutes on the Heat Stability of Mitochondrial Enzymes

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Nash ◽  
LG Paleg ◽  
JJ Wiskich
Keyword(s):  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Plant Mitochondria ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Heat Inactivation ◽  
Mitochondrial Enzymes

When isolated plant mitochondria are heated, isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase and fumarase lose activity at different rates. The rate of loss of activity of each enzyme is reduced if the mitochondria are heated in the presence of proline, betaine or some other solutes; protection by proline or betaine against heat inactivation is also evident with these enzymes when they are solubilized. NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase in pea mitochondria and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase of pea chloroplasts are also protected by proline and betaine against inactivation when the isolated organelles are heated.

scholarly journals Effect of Irrigation on Intercropping Systems of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Chrysanthi Pankou ◽  
Anastasios Lithourgidis ◽  
Christos Dordas
Keyword(s):  
Soil Health ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Environmental Resources ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Adaptation Capacity ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
High Adaptation

Intercropping is an old and commonly used agricultural practice and involves the cultivation of two or more crops in the same area of land at the same time and may improve yield, the use of the environmental resources, product quality, and soil health. The objective of the present study was to study the effect of water availability of wheat-pea intercrops using agronomic and physiological characteristics. The experiment was conducted at the farm of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece during two growing seasons 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 using two different cultivars from pea (Isard and Olympos) and wheat (Yecora E and Elissavet) and two irrigation regimes. The availability of water increased grain yield and affected most of the characteristics that were studied. In terms of total Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) there was a yield advantage of intercrops over monocrops, which indicates the efficiency of intercropping for using the environmental resources. Both wheat cultivars, the pea cultivar Olympos and their intercrops indicated high adaptation capacity to rainfed conditions, whereas Isard and its intercrops performed better under irrigation. Therefore, the intercropping of wheat with pea uses the water resources of the environment more efficiently and can be used in dry land conditions for higher yield.

scholarly journals THE INHERITANCE OF ENZYME VARIANTS FOR TYROSINE AMINOTRANSFERASE, NADP-DEPENDENT MALATE DEHYDROGENASE, NADP-DEPENDENT ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE, AND TETRAZOLIUM OXIDASE IN TETRAHYMENA PYRIFORMIS, SYNGEN 1

Genetics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-603
Author(s):  
D Borden ◽  
E T Miller ◽  
D L Nanney ◽  
G S Whitt
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Tetrahymena Pyriformis ◽  
Tyrosine Aminotransferase ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Enzyme Locus ◽  
Starch Gel

ABSTRACT The isozymic patterns of tyrosine aminotransferase, NADP malate dehydrogenase, NADP isocitrate dehydrogenase, and tetrazolium oxidase were examined by starch-gel electrophoresis in Tetrahymena pyriformis, syngen 1. The genetics of the alleles controlling these enzymes was studied through a breeding program. Each enzyme locus was shown to assort vegetatively, as do other loci in this organism. A detailed analysis of the assortment process for the tyrosine aminotransferase locus indicated that the rate of stabilization of heterozygotes into pure types was essentially identical to previously-reported rates for other loci.

Essential arginyl and histidyl residues at the active site of NADP-malate dehydrogenase from Pisum sativum L. Giant leaves

1997 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Chul Kang ◽  
Young-Soo Hwang ◽  
In-Sik Chung ◽  
Kang-Jin Cho ◽  
Tae-Ryong Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Effects of ion substitution on transport and choleretic effect of ouabain

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (3) ◽  
pp. G357-G364
Author(s):  
M. S. Anwer
Keyword(s):  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Hepatic Uptake ◽  
Isolated Perfused Rat Liver ◽  
Electrolyte Excretion ◽  
Hepatic Transport ◽  
Osmotic Effect ◽  
Ion Substitution ◽  
Choleretic Effect

The role of inorganic ions in hepatic transport and choleretic effect of ouabain was studied in isolated perfused rat liver to verify whether Na+-coupled ouabain uptake into hepatocytes is responsible for the choleretic effect. Hepatic uptake and clearance of ouabain were not significantly affected when perfusate Na+ was replaced by Li+ or choline+, chloride by nitrate or isethionate, or bicarbonate by tricine. However, these ion substitutions, with the exception of Li+, significantly reduced ouabain-induced choleresis and biliary electrolyte excretion. When ouabain was infused at different rates followed by perfusion without ouabain, changes in bile flow paralleled biliary excretion of ouabain rather than hepatic uptake. These results indicate that hepatic uptake of ouabain is not Na+ dependent and that the osmotic effect of biliary excreted ouabain is responsible for its choleretic effect. A part of the choleretic effect (30%) must also involve other mechanisms, since a permeable anion-like nitrate failed to substitute for perfusate chloride. Results of infusion studies also showed that ouabain was concentrated in liver (liver/perfusate = 30) and in bile (bile/liver = 15), indicating that ouabain is transported against its concentration gradient across both sinusoidal and canalicular membranes.

scholarly journals Association of Bipolaris and Drechslera Species with Bipolaris Leaf Blight (BPLB) Infected Wheat Leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Mst Selina Momtaz ◽  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
Tapan Kumar Dey
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Five species of Bipolaris and two species of Drechslera associated with leaf blight disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) have been described. The associated fungi were Bipolaris cynodontis (Marig.) Shoemaker, B. oryzae (Breda De Haan) Shoemaker, B. sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker, B. tetramera (Mckinney) Shoemaker, B. victoriae (Meehan & Murphy) Shoemaker, Drechslera dematioidea (Bub. & Wrob.) Subram. & Jain and D. hawaiiensis (Bugnicourt) ex M.B. Ellis; Subram. & Jain. Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 1, 11-16, 2019

Water Relations in Young Growing Wheat Leaves after Application of (2-Chloroethyl)trimethyl- ammoniumchloride (CCC) to the Roots of Wheat Seedlings

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 745-747
Author(s):  
Jutta Bode ◽  
Aloysius Wild
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Pressure Potential ◽  
Tissue Water ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Diffusive Resistance ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Synthetic Growth

Abstract The influence on the water relations of the third developing leaf of (2-chloroethyl)trimethylammoniumchloride, a synthetic growth regulator, applied to the roots of young wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) has been investigated. The tissue water potential and the pressure potential were found to be reduced by several bars in comparison to the untreated controls, whereas the osmotic potential remained unchanged. The content of soluble reducing sugars was considerably increased in the cell sap of CCC-treated leaves. With this accumulation, however, the turgor was not maintained. Additionally, CCC-treated leaves showed considerably lower transpiration rates and higher diffusive resistance than the controls. Thus, the application of CCC to the roots causes alterations in the water relations of developing wheat leaves, which resemble those induced by water deficiency.

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