scholarly journals A Lamp for Cancer Phototherapy

1983 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Jacka ◽  
AJ Blake
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Intensity Distribution ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Haematoporphyrin Derivative ◽  
Malignant Tissue ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Half Angle ◽  
Reflector System

The lamp described comprises a 1000 W incandescent filament source, long- and short-wave pass filters, and a non-imaging reflector system. The output of 24 W in the 620-720 nm band is delivered through a 53 mm diameter aperture with a maximum divergence half-angle of 60�. Refracting components may be fitted to modify the output angular or intensity distribution. This lamp has been used to irradiate several different types of malignant tumour in human patients, following intravenous injection of the photoactive drug haematoporphyrin derivative, causing selective necrosis of the malignant tissue. The clinical results are regarded as encouraging.

Different Types of Auricular Keloids and Treatment by Intralesional Cryosurgery: Best Practice for Obtaining Long-Lasting Clinical Results

Dermatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yaron Har-Shai ◽  
Lior Har-Shai ◽  
Viktor A. Zouboulis ◽  
Christos C. Zouboulis
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Psychosocial Impact ◽  
Aesthetic Outcome ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Auricular keloids belong to the most perplexing medical conditions, which have significant psychosocial impact on the patient’s body image and quality of life. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> The article is purposed to provide dermatologists and plastic surgeons with the best proven practice using intralesional cryosurgery for the treatment of the different auricular keloid types in order to obtain superior clinical results by minimizing the probability of recurrence. In the past 20 years, the authors have developed novel procedures in order to increase the effectiveness of intralesional cryosurgery on auricular keloids, including hydrodissection, warm gauze technique, and excision of dangling skin. Long-lasting clinical results with a low recurrence rate and a satisfactory aesthetic outcome are achieved with no deformation of the ear framework.

scholarly journals Generation of Multiple Vector Optical Bottle Beams

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Svetlana N. Khonina ◽  
Alexey P. Porfirev ◽  
Sergey G. Volotovskiy ◽  
Andrey V. Ustinov ◽  
Sergey A. Fomchenkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensity Distribution ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Optical Traps ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Periodic Surface ◽  
Matter Interaction ◽  
Different Types

We propose binary diffractive optical elements, combining several axicons of different types (axis-symmetrical and spiral), for the generation of a 3D intensity distribution in the form of multiple vector optical ‘bottle’ beams, which can be tailored by a change in the polarization state of the illumination radiation. The spatial dynamics of the obtained intensity distribution with different polarization states (circular and cylindrical of various orders) were investigated in paraxial mode numerically and experimentally. The designed binary axicons were manufactured using the e-beam lithography technique. The proposed combinations of optical elements can be used for the generation of vector optical traps in the field of laser trapping and manipulation, as well as for performing the spatial transformation of the polarization state of laser radiation, which is crucial in the field of laser-matter interaction for the generation of special morphologies of laser-induced periodic surface structures.

scholarly journals Oral Rehabilitation of Patients with Ameloblastoma of the Mandible. Clinical Results in Three Patients with Different Bone Reconstruction Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1107-1112
Author(s):  
Shiva Raoufi-Danner ◽  
Sterwin Carl ◽  
Abtahi Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Iliac Crest ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Wide Resection ◽  
Mandibular Movement ◽  
Oral Rehabilitation ◽  
Fibula Free Flap ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Level ◽  
Bone Height

Background: Ameloblastoma is the second most common odontogenic tumor. It shows a locally aggressive behavior, with a high level of recurrence. Wide resection of the jaw is recommended for treatment of ameloblastoma. However, radical surgery causes an abnormal mandibular movement, facial asymmetry, and masticatory dysfunction. Methods: Three cases of different types of ameloblastoma is presented, with different reconstruction techniques including Non-Vascularized Bone Graft (NVBG), Osteocutaneous Fibula Free Flap (OFFF), and Deep Circumflex Iliac Artery flap (DCIA). Results: In all three cases the tumor site was successfully reconstructed to obtain very good esthetic results as well as functional oral rehabilitation with implants and fixed prosthetics for optimal masticatory function. Conclusion: For reconstruction of the mandible, we prefer bone grafts from the iliac crest. The natural curvature and variable bone height offer a very good reconstruction of the defect.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MUSIC ON HUMAN BIOLOGICAL SIGNALS

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 1650002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorrin Khazaei ◽  
Seyed Kamaledin Setarehdan ◽  
Yasaman Zandi Mehran
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
Specific Kind ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Eeg Rhythm

Music therapy is a common approach to reduce stress and anxiety levels. To examine the effect of different types of music on stress levels, forty Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) patients were assigned randomly to one of four groups exposed to a specific kind of music described in this research. The electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded from Cz placement along with skin conductance and temperature recordings for each subject. Also, commonly used clinical questionnaires were used to determine the patients, stress levels. In the classical music group, significant increments in the alpha relative power occurred. Additionaly, in the preferred music group, the relative power of the beta EEG rhythm significantly decreased. These results were compatible with clinical results. Our study showed that music therapy for GAD patients could be used as a powerful method to reduce stress and anxiety. Furthermore, the skin conductance is analyzed and incremental increase in two groups is observed.

scholarly journals Indirubin and Indirubin Derivatives for Counteracting Proliferative Diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Blažević ◽  
Elke H. Heiss ◽  
Atanas G. Atanasov ◽  
Johannes M. Breuss ◽  
Verena M. Dirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulation ◽  
Made In

Indirubin is the active component of Danggui Longhui Wan, a traditional Chinese medicine formulation. The encouraging clinical results from the 1980s obtained in chronic myelocytic leukemia patients treated with indirubin stimulated numerous studies on this compound. These investigations explored the use of indirubin in different types of cancer and reported the synthesis of novel derivatives with improved chemical and pharmacokinetic properties. In this paper, we review the impressive progress that has been made in elucidating the mechanistic understanding of how indirubin and its derivatives affect physiological and pathophysiological processes, mainly by inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of cell death. Furthermore, we survey the therapeutic use of these compounds in combating proliferative diseases such as cancer, restenosis, and psoriasis.

scholarly journals The action of radium on cancer cells. II.—Some factors determining the susceptibility of cancer cells to radium

1933 ◽  
Vol 113 (782) ◽  
pp. 238-250 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Lymph Glands ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Isolated Cell

The susceptibility to radium of different types of cells and tissues is one of the outstanding problems of radiotherapy, both from the theoretical and practical points of view. In the organism, normal and malignant tissues exhibit great variations in their response to short-wave radiation. Some normal tissues, e. g. , lymph glands and tests, are extremely sensitive, while others are much less so. There are similar variations in sensitivity between different malignant new growths when irradiated in the organism. There is, however, more uniformity in the effects of irradiation on normal and malignant tissues when isolated cell-masses are studied. Similar biological and morphological changes are observed after irradiation of tissues cultures, whether of normal fibroblasts or tumour cells; and the metabolic disturbances induced in slice of tumour tissue, tests and spleen are of the same type and magnitude (Crabtree, 1932).

Photoluminescence and optical absorption studies of the effects of heat treatment on cuprous oxide

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 1423-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Teh ◽  
F. L. Weichman
Keyword(s):  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Cuprous Oxide ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Luminescent Intensity ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Absorption Measurements

The defects responsible for the short-wave (720 nm) and medium-wave (820 nm) luminescence in cuprous oxide can be created by annealing the crystal at a temperature of 1050 °C under low oxygen pressures. The annihilation of these defects has been observed from the photoluminescence and optical absorption measurements after the crystal has been subjected to a second annealing in the temperature range of about 750 °C under a reducing atmosphere. From the photoluminescence measurements, the density of these defects is found to decrease exponentially as a function of annealing time, as manifested by the reduction in the luminescent intensity. The rate of reduction in intensity is also found to increase with annealing temperature.Because the defects responsible for the luminescence are ascribed to various forms of oxygen vacancies, we believe the decrease in luminescence is due to a reduction in the oxygen vacancies resulting from the formation of copper precipitates in the crystal. The short-wave and medium-wave emissions, which are ascribed to different types of oxygen vacancies, are found to have different activation energies of diffusion.

Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy at 5Å Spatial Resolution

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 396-397
Author(s):  
M. Isaacson ◽  
M. Scheinfein
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Half Angle ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy Loss Spectra

One of the ultimate goals of electron energy loss spectroscopy within the electron microscope is to be able to obtain the electronic structure of interfaces at near atomic resolution. Though this goal has not yet been achieved, there has been considerable effort devoted to elemental composition at high spatial resolution using ELS (eg. References 1-3). In this paper we wish to present initial measurements made across different types of interfaces that show core and valence shell electron energy loss spectra changing within an 8Å spatial scale across the interface.All the measurements have been performed using a modified dedicated STEM (VG Scientific HB-5) equipped with beam blanking facilities, digital control and a wide-gap aberration connected energy loss spectrometer. The details of this instrument have been described elsewhere (4). The main point to be noted is that the incident illumination half angle was 7.5mrad for these experiments and the full width at half maximum of the probe was 4.6Å (measured). With these optical conditions, 90% of all the incident beam current is contained within a diameter of 9.0Å (5). For beam sensitive materials, the recording dose was kept to less than 1/3 the dose for observable sample degradation.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of hyperprogressive disease after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: what we (don’t) know

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Camelliti ◽  
Valentino Le Noci ◽  
Francesca Bianchi ◽  
Claudia Moscheni ◽  
Francesca Arnaboldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Clinical Phenomenon ◽  
Hyperprogressive Disease ◽  
Improvement In Survival

Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made a breakthrough in the treatment of different types of tumors, leading to improvement in survival, even in patients with advanced cancers. Despite the good clinical results, a certain percentage of patients do not respond to this kind of immunotherapy. In addition, in a fraction of nonresponder patients, which can vary from 4 to 29% according to different studies, a paradoxical boost in tumor growth after ICI administration was observed: a completely unpredictable novel pattern of cancer progression defined as hyperprogressive disease. Since this clinical phenomenon has only been recently described, a universally accepted clinical definition is lacking, and major efforts have been made to uncover the biological bases underlying hyperprogressive disease. The lines of research pursued so far have focused their attention on the study of the immune tumor microenvironment or on the analysis of intrinsic genomic characteristics of cancer cells producing data that allowed us to formulate several hypotheses to explain this detrimental effect related to ICI therapy. The aim of this review is to summarize the most important works that, to date, provide important insights that are useful in understanding the mechanistic causes of hyperprogressive disease.

Stent vs Stent Study by Means of Finite Element Method

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misagh Imani ◽  
A. M. Goudarzi ◽  
D. D. Ganji ◽  
M. Barzegar Gerdroodbary
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Interventional Procedure ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Stent Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Element Method

It is well known that the stent design plays an important role in the outcome of the stenting interventional procedure. Thus, analyzing and comparing the behavior of different types of stent is essential to select the most appropriate stent design to use. Furthermore, assessing the behavior of stent is one of the components of the process in which new biomedical stent devices are designed and approved. Indeed, new stent designs have to be proved to be equivalent to an approved stent to be confirmed from the regulatory agencies. This sets the stage for a series of “stent versus stent” randomized trials designed to show that each newer stent design was not inferior to the prior approved stent. In this paper, finite element method is used to assess the behavior of stents. The objective of this work is to present a numerical alternative for “stent versus stent” complicated clinical studies. Three commercially available stents (the Palmaz–Schatz, Multi–Link and NIR stents) are modeled and their behaviors are compared. According to the findings, the possibility of restenosis is lower for Multi–Link and NIR stents in comparison with Palmaz–Schatz stent which is in good agreement with clinical results.

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