Larval development of Elminius covertus Foster and Hexaminius popeiana Foster (Cirripedia : Archaeobalanidae : Elminiinae) reared in the laboratory

1985 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
EA Egan ◽  
DT Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Mantle Cavity ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Breeding Activity ◽  
Morphological Differences

The presence of embryos in the mantle cavity of E. covertus and H. popeiana has been monitored over a 2-year period. E. covertus has a clearly defined seasonal pattern with peak breeding during the winter and early spring. H. popeiana shows high levels of breeding activity throughout the year. The larval stages of E. covertus and H. popeiana are described from larvae reared in the laboratory. Morphological differences in each larval stage allow the larvae of the two species to be distinguished without difficulty. Differences between the larval stages of E. covertus and E. modestus are more minor, but are sufficient to distinguish most stages. Similarities in the larval morphology of the genera Elminius and Hexaminius support their inclusion in the subfamily Elminiinae. The larvae of H. popeiana also share features with the larvae of archaeobalanines, especially Conopea galeata.

Description of the first zoeal stage of Synalpheus apioceros Coutière, 1909 (Caridea: Alpheidae), including a comparative analysis with larval morphology from the genus Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4838 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
RAFAEL C. SANTOS ◽  
RÉGIS A. PESCINELLI ◽  
ROGERIO C. COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Plumose Seta ◽  
Zoeal Stage ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Larval Stages

Herein, the Zoea I of Synalpheus apioceros is described, followed by a comparative analysis of the first larval stage from Synalpheus. Larvae were obtained from two ovigerous females sampled in Ubatuba, São Paulo. The morphology of the Zoea I of S. apioceros was compared to five other Synalpheus species whose structures were previously described: S. biunguiculatus, S. minus, S. neomeris, S. pectiniger, and S. tumidomanus. A set of unique morphological characteristics was found for S. apioceros: exopod of antennule with 4 aesthetascs and 1 plumose seta; coxal endite of maxillule with 2 simple setae plus 2 plumose setae; basial endite of maxillule with 2 simple setae plus 2 short spines; endopod of maxillule with 1 plumose seta plus 2 simple setae; basial endite of maxilla bilobed with 2 (1 plumose and 1 simple) + 2 (1 plumose and 1 simple) setae; coxal endite of maxilla bilobed with 2 + 1 plumose setae; endopod of maxilla with 3 (1 plumose and 2 simple) terminal setae + 2 simple setae; endopod of first maxilliped unsegmented with 3 terminal simple setae; basis of first maxilliped with 5 spines; endopod of second maxilliped 5-segmented with 0, 0, 0, 1 plumodenticulate, 4 (1 serrate + 3 simple) setae; endopod of third maxilliped 5-segmented with 0, 0, 0, 1 simple, 3 simple setae; pereiopods 1st to 3rd birramous and 4th and 5th uniramous. S. apioceros shows higher morphological similarity with S. minus, followed by S. tumidomanus, S. neomeris and S. pectiniger, probably since these species present extended larval development. Besides the similar morphology among species, the unique attributes presented here are important for the genus’ taxonomy, being fundamental for identifying the first larval stages of Synalpheus, as well as for subsidizing information for species identification keys. 

Laval development of the Megabalanine Balanomorph Austromegabalanus nigrescens (Lamarck) (Cirripedia, Balanidae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 511 ◽  
Author(s):  
EA Egan ◽  
DT Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Long Range ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Mantle Cavity ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Dorsal Shield ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
South Wales

The presence of embryos in the mantle cavity of A. nigrescens was monitored over a 2-year period. A, nigrescens maintains some breeding individuals throughout the year but shows peak breeding during the late autumn, winter and early spring in the vicinity of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The larval stages of A. nigrescens are described from larvae reared in the laboratory. A. nigrescens larvae can be easily distinguished from other nauplii described from balanomorphs of New South Wales by their distinctive marginal spines and paired dorsal shield spines. The duration of larval development in A. nigrescens, 13-23 days, is similar to that of other Australian balanids and does not appear to accord with the concept that the distribution of Austromegabalanus species has involved long-range epiplanktonic dispersal. The separation of Austromegabaianus, Notomegabalanus and Megabalanus is supported by larva! differences.

Growth and reproduction of Halicarcinus australis (Haswell) (Crustacea, Brachyura) in the Swan estuary, Western Australia. II. Larval stages

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Lucas ◽  
EP Hodgkin
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Laboratory Rearing ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Larvae of Halicarcinus australis (Haswell) were collected in vertical plankton samples from eight stations in the Swan estuary during two summers. The majority of samples included live and dead larvae; the high proportion of dead larvae shows that there are other important causes of mortality besides predation. Third stage zoeae (the final larval stage) occur over more restricted salinity and temperature ranges than earlier zoeal stages, and their temporal and spatial distributions in the estuary are also more restricted. Laboratory rearing of H. australis larvae at 16 chlorinity-temperature combinations shows that larvae are less tolerant of extremes of these parameters than crabs. Hydrological conditions unfavourable for larval development occur throughout the estuary in winter and in upstream regions in summer. However, during much of these periods ovigerous females are present in crab populations and larvae are released, thus accounting for some of the mortality apparent from the plankton samples. Third stage zoeae are found progressively further up stream in summer associated with the advance of favourable salinities and with a zone of plankton abundance. Recruitment into crab populations reflects the time of completion of larval development at each locality.

Checklist of the Brachyura of the Brazilian Amazon Coastal Zone and knowledge status of their larval development

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4646 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-321
Author(s):  
FRANCIELLY ALCÂNTARA DE LIMA ◽  
JUSSARA MORETTO MARTINELLI-LEMOS
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Pink Shrimp ◽  
Shrimp Fishery ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Occurrence Of Species

This bibliographic review includes all brachyuran species listed for the Brazilian Amazon Coastal Zone (covering the occurrence of species in the states of Amapá, Pará, and Maranhão), with respective larval development either fully or partially described. Information provided include the current taxon name, taxon authorship, larval stages described, and habitat of the adult of each species. A total of 194 species were recorded in the study area. Of these, 49 (25%) have the larval stages completely described, 25 (13%) have incomplete descriptions of the larval development with at least one stage described, and most of them, 120 species (62%), do not have morphological descriptions of any larval stage. This is clearly a large gap that needs to be filled for the advancement of the knowledge of crab life histories in a unique area of coastal biodiversity. More so because this area faces threats from the pink shrimp fishery and oil prospection activities. 

Morphological descriptions of the larval and first juvenile stages of the decorator crab Camposcia retusa (Latreille, 1829) from laboratory-reared material

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4577 (2) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
TIAN XU ◽  
CHAOSHU ZENG ◽  
KATE S. HUTSON
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
Decorator Crab ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
First Time

The complete larval and first crab stages of the decorator crab Camposcia retusa (Latreille, 1829) are described and illustrated based on laboratory-reared material for the first time. Specimens were obtained from larvae hatched from adult crabs collected from coral reefs of Queensland, Australia. Newly hatched larvae were successfully reared to settlement as the first-stage crabs. Larval development consisted of two zoeal stages and one megalopal stage. The morphology of each larval stage was compared with those available from a previous study using material from the Red Sea. Due to substantial differences in morphology of the second zoeal and megalopal stages between the two studies, we argue that these larval stages described by the earlier report may not be that of C. retusa. Finally, the morphological characters of both larval and first crab stages of C. retusa are also compared with the corresponding stages of previously reported Inachidae. 

Additions and Revisions to the Genera of North American Caddisflies of the Family Brachycentridae With Special Reference to the Larval Stages (Trichoptera)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 1089-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn B. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

AbstractLarval characterizations for the genera of North American Brachycentridae are revised and two new genera created, bringing to five the total number now recognized on this continent. Previous concepts of larval morphology inMicrasemaare emended. Discovery of the larval stage ofBrachycentrus(Amiocentrus)aspilusRoss necessitates elevation of this subgenus to generic status. Association of larvae with the two North American species placed inOligoplectrumnecessitates removal of one,O.dimicki(Milne), toMicrasema. Discovery of all stages of a new species on Mount Hood, Oregon, necessitates creation of a new genus. A provisional larval key to the genera of the North American Brachycentridae is proposed and the phylogenetic relationships of the genera are discussed. Validity of the Asian genusOligoplectrodesis questioned.

scholarly journals Description of the larval stages of the Shield Darter, Percina peltata (Pisces: Percidae), in New York

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 774 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT E. SCHMIDT ◽  
ROBERT A. DANIELS
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Delaware River ◽  
Larval Stages

A series of larvae of Percina peltata (Pisces: Percidae) was collected from the Neversink River, a Delaware River tributary, in spring of 2001 and 2002. We provide descriptions and illustrations of yolk sac larvae and post yolk sac larvae through the end of larval development. The larval morphology of P. peltata is plesiomorphic for the clade of the Etheostomatinae which we correlate with the plesiomorphic position afforded P. peltata in other studies. We do not consider the larval morphology of this species to be an adaptation to its environment.

Larval development and first crab of Mithraculus sculptus (Decapoda: Brachyura: Majoidea: Mithracidae) described from laboratory-reared material

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 1133-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Rhyne ◽  
Yoshihisa Fujita ◽  
Ricardo Calado
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Zoeal Stage ◽  
Distal Margin ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Simple Seta ◽  
Complex Display

The present work describes the complete larval development of Mithraculus sculptus (two zoeal stages, the megalopa) and the first crab instar from laboratory cultured material. The larval morphology is compared with other descriptions currently available for the Mithrax–Mithraculus complex: Mithraculus coryphe, M. forceps, Mithrax hispidus, M. pleuracanthus, M. spinosissimus and M. verrucosus. Although the different species of the Mithrax–Mithraculus complex display uniform morphological characters, the first zoeal stage of M. sculptus differs from other species in the setal meristics of the carapace and the number of aesthetascs of the antennule. The second zoeal stage differs in the number of aesthetascs of the antennule and the number of setae in the distal margin of the coxal endite of the maxillule. The megalopa of M. sculptus can be distinguished by the presence of 3–4 aesthetascs and a simple seta in the distal segment of the antennule. The morphological differences between the larvae from the genus Mithrax and Mithraculus are insufficient to support the separation of the two genera using adult morphology. Future studies should address in detail setal meristics.

Description of early larval stages of Upogebia vasquezi (Gebiidea: Upogebiidae) reared in laboratory

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielly Brito de Oliveira ◽  
Jussara Moretto Martinelli ◽  
Fernando Araújo Abrunhosa
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Central America ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The Bahamas ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Southern Florida

Upogebia vasquezi inhabits the western Atlantic in the regions of southern Florida, the Bahamas, Central America and Brazil (from the States of Maranhão to São Paulo). Its occurrence has been extended to the coastal region of the State of Pará (northern Brazil). There are few descriptions of the larval development of the 116 known species of Upogebia. The present study offers the first description and illustrations of the first two larval stages (zoeas I and II) of U. vasquezi reared in laboratory. The larval features of U. vasquezi were compared with those of two other species of Upogebia, revealing very similar morphological characteristics among species in zoea I. The main variation in this larval stage was in the segmentation of the maxillulary endopod. In zoea II, the number of setae on the scaphognathite was different among some species of Upogebia. The present study contributes to the available literature on the identification of thalassinidean larvae.

Larvae of Nauticaris magellanica (Decapoda: Caridea: Hippolytidae) reared in the laboratory differ morphologically from those in nature

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 949-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo S. Wehrtmann ◽  
Luis Albornoz
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Caridean Shrimp ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Rearing Experiment

The variability of larval morphology in the caridean shrimp Nauticaris magellanica cultivated in the laboratory was analysed, and its applicability for the identification of larval stages collected from the plankton evaluated. Both morphometric and meristic variability of selected appendages was analysed comparing larvae from the rearing experiment with those obtained from the plankton. Larval development in the laboratory consisted of at least nine zoeal and five decapodid stages, followed by the first juvenile stage. Larvae collected from the plankton, comprising individuals from zoea II to, presumably, zoea VIII, were generally more developed and had a larger size than the corresponding stages reared in the laboratory. Cultured larvae showed a high exophenotypical variability starting with zoea IV, which impeded an immediate determination of larval stages obtained from the plankton.

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