A limnological survey of the freshwater coastal lakes of east Gippsland, Victoria

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
BV Timms
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Coastal Dune ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Coastal Lakes ◽  
Bicarbonate Ions ◽  
Dune Lakes ◽  
Littoral Invertebrates ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Limnological Survey

Eleven lakes were examined in varying degrees of intensity. For the largest two, Lakes Elusive and Barracoota, information is presented on physiography, major physical and chemical features, macrophytes, zooplankton, littoral invertebrates, benthos, and fish. Limited data, mainly on water chemistry and zooplankton, are given for the remaining lakes. The lakes are divisible into three groups. The four floodplain lagoons contain alkaline water dominated by sodium and bicarbonate ions. Zooplankton in each consists of Boeckella minuta, Thermocyclops hyalinus, and Daphnia lumholtzi, as well as a variety of other entomostracans. The coastal dune lakes have acid water dominated by sodium and chloride ions and a restricted zooplankton of one to three species, including Calarnoecia tasmanica. Compared with coastal dune lakes of southern Queensland, these are heterogenous in mode of origin, water chemistry, and zooplankton. Despite some similarities with dune lakes, Lake Barracoota is basically different. Its physiography suggests a recent marine origin which is confirmed by the presence of two isopods and a polychaete with marine affinities.

scholarly journals The simplistic nitrogen input and output balance in Lake Łebsko – case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Cieśliński
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Standard Pattern ◽  
Coastal Lakes ◽  
Lake Water Chemistry ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Physical And Chemical

AbstractThe paper is based on the hypothesis that coastal lakes significantly affect changes in the quality of freshwater coming from catchments, which is best reflected in the reduction of biogenic loads. Some of the main reasons for this phenomenon include unique geographic locations of coastal lakes and physical and chemical properties of their waters as well as other hydrographic determinants that affect water circulation in catchments. The study area covered the direct drainage basin of Lake Lebsko, which is located in Słowiński National Park in northern Poland, on the coast of the southern Baltic Sea. The study was conducted from June 2008 to October 2010. Fieldwork was the main part of the research project and included hydrographic mapping, water sampling for laboratory analysis, and measurement of the discharge in all tributaries and outflows of the studied lake. Water chemistry data for Lake Lebsko indicate a significant accumulation of biogenic materials in the lake, which proves a strong effect exerted by the lake on the incoming water. This is true for both total chemical loads per year as well as concentrations of selected ions over short time intervals. This standard pattern may be interrupted by seawater intrusions that alter water chemistry in the whole lake.

Reconnaissance limnology of some coastal dune lakes of Cape York Peninsula, Queensland

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
BV Timms
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Dune ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Dune Lakes ◽  
Littoral Invertebrates ◽  
Cape York ◽  
Almost All

All nine lakes studied are small (mean area 32 ha), shallow (< 5 m deep), watertable exposures in thin dunes overlying laterite or sandstone. Their water is fresh (mean salinity 52 mg I-1), acid (mean pH 4.8) and dominated by Na+ and Cl-, but with appreciable amounts of Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3-. Almost all macrophytes, littoral invertebrates, fish and limnetic zooplankters are common tropical species. A few species are shared with dune lakes in southern Australia and even fewer are endemic. Hence, these tropical dune lakes are different from those in temperate and subtropical eastern Australia.

scholarly journals Geological controls on brine discharge in Itumbula Salt Dam within the Rukwa Rift in Momba District, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 552-567
Author(s):  
Mwita S Maswi ◽  
Octavian Minja ◽  
Chakutema Batwenge
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spring ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Bicarbonate Ions ◽  
Porous Formation ◽  
Salt Crystals ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Magnetic Profile

The Itumbula salt dam of the Rukwa Rift Basin is a depression formed through extraction of spring-derived salt crystals. Brine yield by springs which is the primary cause of significant amounts of salt in the dam required further geological investigations to understand yield controls. In this study, detailed field geological investigations in the salt dam and its surroundings were conducted to ascertain brine discharge controls. These included documentation of lithology and surface manifestations of brine deposition. Geophysical methods (i.e. magnetic and electric surveys) for studying geologic structures associated with brine deposits, and laboratory analysis of cations and anions (e.g. chlorides, bicarbonates or sulphates) essential to characterize composition of waters were also performed. The information on the springs discharge rate was retrieved from the previous studies. The magnetic profile revealed a very low magnetic anomaly across the salt dam, trending NW to SE direction, which is interpreted to be the main structure that controls fluid movements in the dam. Electric resistivity survey results delineated a low resistivity body in the central part of the dam interpreted as porous formation with saline water. Hydro-chemistry of the hot spring brines indicated high levels of sodium and chloride ions contents than magnesium, calcium, potassium, sulphate, and carbonate and bicarbonate ions, interpreted to be mature water with minimal water mixing. The structurally controlled brines of approximately 2.5 kg/s are discharged in the study area. Keywords: Geologic Structures, Brine, Salt Production, Momba, Rukwa Basin.

Influence of Water Chemistry on Size Structure of Zooplankton Assemblages

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1937-1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. Tessier ◽  
Richard J. Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A stratified-random selection of all lakes in the northeastern United States was sampled for zooplankton composition, and physical and chemical characteristics during midsummer 1986. In all, 146 lakes were sampled from five geographic subregions and three categories of water alkalinity. There was no significant variation in total zooplankton abundance among regions or alkalinity categories; however, the body-size structure of assemblages was dependent on both alkalinity and geographic subregion. The largest change in size structure occurred at alkalinity levels > 150 μeq∙L−1 and pH > 7.0, and appeared less related to change in pH than to variation in water hardness. This shift of size structure was caused by a loss of large-bodied zooplankton and an increase in small rotifers with decreasing water hardness. Exploratory analysis revealed that lake stratification also explained significant variation in zooplankton size structure, but was largely independent of the effects of water chemistry. We hypothesize that the association of large zooplankton with hard water is casual; large-bodied cladocerans may require high calcium levels.

Optical properties, Nutrients and Phytoplankton of freshwater Coastal Dune Lakes in South-east Queensland

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 805 ◽  
Author(s):  
LC Bowling
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Coastal Dune ◽  
Photosynthetically Available Radiation ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Dune Lakes ◽  
Lake Waters

Gilvin was the main attenuator of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) in 26 freshwater coastal dune lakes, despite most being only slightly humic (range 0.000-27.866 m-1, median = 1.088 m-1). Most were also non-turbid [range 0.27-3.00 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU), median = 0.77 NTU] and had low concentrations of chlorophyll a (range 0.212-15.869 �g I-1, median = 3.285 �g I-1). Accordingly there was only slight to moderate attenuation of PAR in most lakes, the majority having mean downwelling vertical attenuation coefficients of less than 1.0 m-1. However, Secchi depths indicate that the lake waters were more transparent during this study than previously reported in the literature. The lakes were typically oligotrophic, acidic, and of low conductivity. Desmids and Peridinium spp. dominated the phytoplankton, although Dynobryon cylindricum Imhof. and various Chlorococcales were also common.

Blood pH and Mortality in Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdnerii) and Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

1962 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. E. Jonas ◽  
Harcharan S. Sehdev ◽  
N. Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Similar Association

Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii) under light anaesthesia with MS 222 (tricaine methanesulphonate) died when their blood pH was lowered into the range of 6.8 to 6.9 by injection of either lactic acid or hydrochloric acid. When injection of the same quantities of either acid did not lower the blood pH into this range, fatalities did not result (one exception in 56 fish injected). The injection of much larger quantities of lactate or chloride ions in the form of sodium salts did not cause fatalities.Very limited data for sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) suggest a similar association between blood pH and mortality for this species.

scholarly journals A PERFUSING SOLUTION FOR THE LOBSTER (HOMARUS) HEART AND THE EFFECTS OF ITS CONSTITUENT IONS ON THE HEART

1941 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Frequency Tone ◽  
Inorganic Composition ◽  
Chemical Stimuli ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Balanced Solutions

1. All inorganic perfusing solution for the heart of the lobster Homarus americanus, to allow prolonged normal beating (20 hours or more) must agree closely with the inorganic composition of the serum, which varies differentially with that of the environmental sea water. 2. All of the chief inorganic ions of the serum are necessary—Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, and SO4; the critical numbers of the ions being 100, 3, 5, 2–3, 116, and 1–2 respectively. Absence of Mg and SO4 will be tolerated for several hours. 3. The pH of the solution must agree with that of the serum within 0.2. 4. The osmotic pressure of the solution must agree with that of the serum within 15 per cent. 5. Beating of the heart will continue for several hours on improperly balanced solutions but changes in frequency, tone, or amplitude will occur. Hearts adapted to such solutions will show different responses to physical and chemical stimuli of the solution than those perfused on properly balanced solutions. 6. Arrest in systole is caused by isotonic NaCl, KCl, LiCl, and urea, and arrest in diastole by isotonic CaCl2, MgCl2, NaBr, NaI, MgSO4, and glucose. 7. Lithium cannot replace sodium; neither can bromide or iodide replace chloride ions.

Sedimentology of playa lakes of the northern Great Plains

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Last
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Chemical Equilibria ◽  
Bicarbonate Ions ◽  
Evaporative Concentration ◽  
Sodium Magnesium ◽  
Brine Chemistry ◽  
Northern United States ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The semi-arid plains of western Canada and northern United States contain a large number of saline and hypersaline lakes, with many of the shallow lakes exhibiting playa characteristics. For over 60 years a number of these playas have provided a source of valuable industrial minerals. The present study deals with the modern sediments and sedimentary processes operating in selected playa basins located throughout the northern Great Plains region.The playas generally occupy small, closed basins commonly having an elongate, riverine shape. Most of the brines are dominated by sodium, magnesium, and sulfate ions; however, examples of lakes rich in chloride and bicarbonate ions are also present. Significant variation in the brine chemistry can exist on a seasonal as well as a diurnal basis. The modern sediments of the playas consist of: (1) very soluble salts of mainly sodium and magnesium sulfates and carbonates; (2) sparingly soluble precipitates, including calcite, protodolomite, gypsum, and mixed layer clays; (3) detrital minerals consisting dominantly of quartz, carbonates, feldspars, and clays; and (4) organic matter.Much of the physical and mineralogical character of the playas is due to processes that are largely of a chemical nature and are associated with either evaporative concentration of the brines or groundwater discharge. The most significant processes include: cyclic flooding and desiccation of the playa surface, formation of salt crusts, efflorescent crusts, spring deposits, and intrasedimentary salts, formation of solution pits and chimneys, wind displacement of brines, and periodic detrital sedimentation by sheet flow and wind. These processes combine to create a very dynamic modern depositional environment. The establishment and prolonged maintenance of delicate physical and chemical equilibria have allowed the deposition of over 40 m of salt in some basins.

scholarly journals Presence and Distribution of Fluoride Ions in Groundwater for Human in a Semiconfined Volcanic Aquifer

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Judith Valdez-Alegría ◽  
Rosa María Fuentes-Rivas ◽  
José Luis García-Rivas ◽  
Reyna María Guadalupe Fonseca-Montes de Oca ◽  
Beatriz García-Gaitán
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Bicarbonate Ions ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Toluca Valley ◽  
Meteoric Precipitation ◽  
Mexico Basin

Dental and emaciated fluorosis is derived from the chronic intake of fluoride ions (F−) by consumption of food, tooth products and drinking water from groundwater. Recent reports indicate that in some regions of Mexico, the incidence of fluorosis in temporary and permanent dentitions have increased in recent years. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the presence and distribution of F− ions in semi-confined aquifers, located in the basins of Lerma-Chapala and Valley of México. Temperature (T), pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and alkalinity were determined in situ, in 27 groundwater wells. The hardness, chloride ions (Cl−), free chlorine (Cl2), total dissolved solids (TDS) and bicarbonates (HCO3−), were determined in the laboratory. The high content of bicarbonate ions (HCO3−) is associated with the alteration of silicates and the presence of chloride ions (Cl−) due to the anthropogenic activity. The highest value of fluoride ions (F−) (1.31 mg/L) was identified in a well of the Lerma-Chapala basin and in 25% of the samples (1.056 mg/L) of the Valley of México basin. The groundwater in the Lerma-Chapala basin is of the Ca-HCO3 type and the water in the Valley of Mexico basin is Na-HCO3 and Ca-HCO3. According to the Gibbs diagram, the water of the Toluca Valley aquifer is recharged by local meteoric precipitation and consequent the water-rock interaction occurs. The correlation analysis shows the significant relationship between F− and CE (R = 0.5933), F− and alkalinity (R = 0.6924), F− and HCO3− (R = 0.6924) and F− and TDS (R = 0.5933). The correlations confirm that the content of fluoride ions present in groundwater is associated with high concentrations of bicarbonate ions and the presence of sodium, due to a process of alteration of the silicates.

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