Ecological improvement by restoration on the Jialu River: water quality, species richness and distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangshi Kong ◽  
Kai Tian ◽  
Yanyan Jia ◽  
Zaihua He ◽  
Siyuan Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Water Quality Deterioration ◽  
Ecological Improvement

The Jialu River has experienced serious water quality deterioration and biodiversity decline. An ecological restoration project was undertaken. We investigated water quality, species richness and distribution before and after restoration to describe ecological improvements on the Jialu River. After the project, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) decreased by 38.69, 40.52, 39.06 and 45.07% respectively. Concentrations of these indices were maintained at steady levels after restoration, indicating stable purification capacity had been established. However, TN, TP and NH4+-N concentrations were still higher than Level V of the Chinese surface water standards. In all, 155 species, belonging to 94 families, were found, with shore plants accounting for the largest proportion (26.53%). The biota showed different distribution patterns over space and time, except for species of zooplankton and phytoplankton, which were evenly distributed over space and time. Most species (71.71%) occurred in only one or two sites. Compared with July 2013, by July 2015 species richness had increased, on average, 65.61%. Furthermore, 31 novel native species were found in July 2015, covering the main functional groups (hydrophytes, zoobenthos and fishes). The recovery of an intact food chain as a result of the project facilitated water purification in the short term and the return of birds to the Jialu River in the long term. This study evaluated the recovery of the Jialu River and the results will inform future ecosystem restoration projects.

Ecological assessment of water quality for different water uses: the upstream sub-basin of the Dnieper and Desna rivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Strokal ◽  
◽  
A Kovpak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Harmful Algae ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Status

Novelties of this study include a synthesis of water quality parameters for the upstream sub-basin of the Dnieper River. This upstream sub-basin includes the Desna River. The synthesis revels new insights on the sources of the water pollution and the status of the water quality for different purposes such as drinking, aquaculture and recreation. The main research objective was to identify the main sources of water pollution and how those sources could decrease the water quality. As a result of our analysis, we conclude the following. The levels of ammonium-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen in the Desna River (upstream sub-basin) are by 2-43 times and up to 53 times higher than the water quality thresholds, respectively. This poses a risk for recreational activities since too much nutrients often lead to blooms of harmful algae. We also find an increased level of biological oxygen demand in the river for drinking purposes. For aquaculture, decreased levels of dissolved oxygen are found. Climate change has an impact on water quality. For example, extreme floods caused by too much precipitation can bring pollutants to nearby waters. Monthly average temperature has increased by +2.7 degrees contributing to increased microbiological processes that could stimulate blooms of harmful algae. Main sources of water pollution are sewage discharges in cities, agricultural runoff and erosion activities after floods.

scholarly journals Water Quality of Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System (MyRAWAS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 880 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
N U M Nizam ◽  
M M Hanafiah ◽  
M B Mokhtar ◽  
N A Jalal
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Prolonged drought, population growth and water demand for various purposes have increased the water scarcity issue. To overcome this issue, a rainwater harvesting system can be utilized as an alternative for clean water supply. A rainwater harvesting system is a method of collecting rainwater from man-made surfaces such as rooftops and constructed surfaces and can be used for various sectors including household, agricultural and commercial. This study was conducted to determine the quality of rainwater harvested collected directly from rooftop. The quality of the rooftop rainwater was taken in three consecutive months and the water quality for before and after treatment was measured and compared. Commercial activated carbon was used to treat the rainwater obtained from the rooftop. The water quality was compared with the Water Quality Index (WQI) and the National Water Quality Standards (NWQS). The parameters involved are pH, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD),E.coli and total coliform bacteria. The results showed that the total value of WQI before and after treatment was 86.3 ± 8.963 and 87.6±2.081, respectively. Positive correlations were found for parameter NH3-N, COD and pH, while paired T-test showed a significant in the COD and the presence of bacteria. Total Coliform is still at a safe level by NWQS with the average value and the standard deviation for before and after treatment were 38.11 ± 13.960 cfu/ml and 10.33 ± 6.671 cfu/ml, respectively.

scholarly journals Evaluation of water resource preservation areas in the Hydrographical Basin of Andreas Stream, RS, Brazil, using environmental monitoring programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Augusto Klamt ◽  
Eduardo Alexis Lobo ◽  
Adilson Ben da Costa ◽  
Dionei Minuzzi Delevati
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payment For Environmental Services ◽  
Resource Preservation ◽  
Before And After

This research evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of water resource preservation areas in the Hydrographical Basin of Andreas Stream, county of Vera Cruz, RS, Brazil, established through Payment for Environmental Services (PES), using an environmental monitoring program to assess physical, chemical and microbiological variables. The PES is linked to the "Water Guardian" project, which aims to ensure the preservation of water resources by paying farmers for providing the environmental services to protect the springs and riparian areas that lie within their properties. Twenty sampling stations were selected for collecting water samples monthly during the period July 2012 to June 2014 (460 samples) to evaluate the following variables: water temperature, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, nitrate, ammonia nitrogen, phosphate, total dissolved solids and thermotolerant coliforms. The evaluation was made based on decree 357/2005 of the National Environmental Council (CONAMA) and by applying the Water Quality Index (WQI). The results indicated a significant improvement in the water quality when comparisons were made between the periods before and after the installation of the preservation areas. The sampling points classified as “good” (CONAMA and WQI), which indicates water of good quality that is appropriate for multiple uses, increased from 52.0% to 72.0%. In this sense, promoting the preservation of headwaters and riparian zones becomes of fundamental importance and highlights the role of PES as an operational tool for water resource preservation.

scholarly journals Differences in the macrozoobenthic fauna colonising empty bivalve shells before and after invasion by Corbicula fluminea

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Ilarri ◽  
A. T. Souza ◽  
V. Modesto ◽  
L. Guilhermino ◽  
R. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
Macrozoobenthic Community ◽  
Bivalve Shells

Bivalve shells can potentially alter the structure of aquatic benthic communities. However, little is known about the effect that different shell morphologies have on their associated fauna. This study aimed to understand how empty shells, from four different freshwater bivalve species, affect macrozoobenthic communities, using the River Minho (Iberian Peninsula) as a study area. Three native (Anodonta anatina, Potomida littoralis, Unio delphinus) and one non-indigenous (Corbicula fluminea) species were used for this research. Comparisons among species and between scenarios (i.e. before and after invasion by C. fluminea) were performed. Our results suggest that macrozoobenthic community structure did not vary among treatments, with the exception of species richness, which was higher on shells of native species. Furthermore, little difference was detected when comparing scenarios with and without C. fluminea shells, despite dissimilarities in size and morphology between species. The empty shells of C. fluminea partially (in terms of density and biomass, but not in species richness) replaced the role of empty shells of native species as a physical substratum for the associated macrozoobenthic community.

Factors impacting chemical and microbiological quality of wash water during simulated dump tank wash of grape tomatoes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhou ◽  
Yaguang Luo ◽  
Zi Teng ◽  
Xiangwu Nou ◽  
Patricia Millner
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Wash Water ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Deterioration ◽  
Chlorine Demand ◽  
Water Quality Deterioration

Fresh and fresh-cut tomatoes are high in phytonutrients. But the illness outbreaks associated with contaminated tomatoes have significantly impacted public health and the industry’s economic well-being. Scientific information is critically needed to develop an effective, practical food safety standard to reduce pathogen contamination.  The aim of this study was to assess factors impacting the deterioration of tomato wash water quality and indigenous microorganisms during a simulated dump tank washing process. Freshly harvested grape tomatoes were sorted into four groups: prime, defective, under-ripened, and non-tomato debris. Tomatoes with leaf-stem harvest debris, combined or separately, were washed in tap water with or without free chlorine (FC). Water samples were analyzed for total dissolved solids, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, and chlorine demand. Microbial populations in water and on tomatoes as impacted by chlorine concentration and water filtration (300 µm) were also determined. Results showed that field debris and defective tomatoes were the major contributors to microbial counts in wash water. Field debris, although only accounting for <1% of the total weight of harvested material, contributed 37.84% of total dissolved solids, 46.15% of turbidity, 48.77% of chemical oxygen demand, and 50.55% of chlorine demand in the wash water. Water quality deterioration was proportional to the cumulative quantity of tomatoes and debris washed, and FC at 5 mg/L or higher significantly reduced the Enterobacteriaceae, aerobic mesophilic bacteria, and yeast and mold populations. This study underscores the importance to minimize the presence of field debris and defective fruits from harvested grape tomatoes in order to reduce the microbial load and wash water quality deterioration of water quality in post-harvest tomato washing. This information is beneficial to the development of data-driven harvesting and packinghouse food safety practices for grape tomatoes.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality in the Lakes Along Colentina River

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Petra Ionescu ◽  
Violeta Monica Radu ◽  
Elena Diacu ◽  
Ecaterina Marcu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Quality Classification ◽  
Water Quality Classification ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the water quality in the lakes along Colentina River according to Romanian regulations referring to the norms on surface water quality classification, MO 161/2006. To achieve this goal, two sampling sections (entry and exit points) for each lake have been established, and the following indicators have been determined: pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, nitrites, nitrates and ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, orthophosphates, total phosphorus, electrical conductivity, filterable residue, chlorides, sulphates, calcium, magnesium and sodium. Following this study, the variation of the concentrations of determined indicators in the two sampling sections for each lake has been assessed, as well as the classification into quality classes according to the before mentioned order.

Ecological assessment of water quality in the Kabul River, Pakistan, using statistical methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izaz Khuram ◽  
Sophia Barinova ◽  
Nadeem Ahmad ◽  
Asad Ullah ◽  
Siraj Ud Din ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Algal Diversity ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
Kabul River

AbstractWe identified 209 species of algae and cyanobacteria at 4 sites in the Kabul River. Green algae, diatoms, and charophytes dominated in the river, which reflects regional features of agricultural activity. Species richness and algal abundance increased down the river. The Water Quality Index characterizes the quality of water down the river as medium to bad. The index of saprobity S reflects Class III water quality. The Water Ecosystem Sustainability Index (WESI) shows contamination with nutrients. According to the River Pollution Index (RPI), waters in the river have low alkalinity and low salinity, and are contaminated with nutrients. Pearson coefficients showed that water temperature plays a major role in the total species richness distribution (0.93*) and in the green algae distribution (0.89*), while cyanobacteria were stimulated also by water salinity (0.91*). Stepwise regression analysis indicated water temperature as the major regional factor that determines riverine algal diversity. Surface plots and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that salinity, nitrates, temperature, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) can be defined as major factors affecting algal diversity. Dendrites mark the upper site of the Warsak Dam as the source of the community species diversity. Bioindication methods can give relevant and stable results of water quality and self-purification assessment that can be employed to monitor the regional water quality.

Invasion in space and time: non-native species richness and relative abundance respond to interannual variation in productivity and diversity

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 947-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa E. Cleland ◽  
Melinda D. Smith ◽  
Sandy J. Andelman ◽  
Christy Bowles ◽  
Karen M. Carney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Interannual Variation ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Native Species Richness

scholarly journals The influence of a dam reservoir on water quality in a small lowland river

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Dębska ◽  
Beata Rutkowska ◽  
Wiesław Szulc
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Lowland River ◽  
Dam Reservoir ◽  
Significant Contamination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Biogenic Compounds ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe paper presents the effects of the dam reservoir in Komorów on the water quality in the Utrata river. The implementation of the adopted objective involved a comparison of water quality at two points, above and below the reservoir. The Utrata River is polluted with biogenic compounds throughout the whole section studied. COD content also indicates significant contamination exceeding permissible limits. A positive effect of the reservoir on water quality in the river was also observed in terms of the content of dissolved oxygen, with concentration increasing below the reservoir. The reservoir had a positive effect on reducing the concentration of total phosphorus in the water. Water in the Utrata below the reservoir showed higher values of chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) than above the reservoir. There were no differences in the concentration of NH4+ and NO3- ions in the water before and after the reservoir.

scholarly journals Establishing a Smart Farm-Scale Piggery Wastewater Treatment System with the Internet of Things (IoT) Applications

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1654
Author(s):  
Jung-Jeng Su ◽  
Shih-Torng Ding ◽  
Hsin-Cheng Chung
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Piggery Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment System ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Farm Scale

The conventional piggery wastewater treatment system is mainly a manual operation system which may be well managed by experienced technicians. However, the pig farmers must simultaneously manage their pig production as well as their on-farm wastewater treatment facility. For this study, Internet of Things (IoT) applications were introduced on a 1000-pig farm to establish a smart piggery wastewater treatment system, which was upgraded from a self-developed fully automatic wastewater treatment system. Results showed that the removal efficiency of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and suspended solids (SS) of the piggery wastewater based on the sensor data before and after water quality sensor calibration were 89%, 94%, and 93%, and 94%, 86%, and 96%, respectively. Moreover, the removal efficiency of BOD, COD, and SS of the piggery wastewater based on the analytical chemical data before and after water quality sensor calibration were 93%, 89%, and 97%, and 94%, 86%, and 96%, respectively. Experimental results showed that overall removal efficiency of BOD, COD, and SS of the piggery wastewater after water quality sensor calibration were 94%, 86–87%, and 96%, respectively. Results revealed that the farm-scale smart piggery wastewater treatment system was feasible to be applied and extended to more commercial pig farms for establishing sustainable pig farming.

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