Distinguishing aquaculture and wild yellowtail kingfish via natural elemental signatures in otoliths

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn M. Gillanders ◽  
Tanya C. Joyce
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Yellowtail Kingfish ◽  
Seriola Lalandi ◽  
High Degree

Naturally occurring elemental signatures (or composition) of otoliths may enable aquaculture and wild-caught yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) to be distinguished from one another, so that in the event of aquaculture escapes, escaped fish could be identified. Yellowtail kingfish were obtained from aquaculture ventures in three regions of Spencer Gulf and from nine areas external to aquaculture throughout the inner and outer Spencer Gulf, South Australia. Elemental signatures (Mg, Mn, Sr, Ba) of otoliths were analysed via LA-ICP-MS (laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry). A highly significant difference was detected between elemental signatures of the aquaculture and wild-caught fish, but this difference was largely attributable to wild fish from Port Augusta being different from the other groupings. For individual elements, it was difficult to detect differences between aquaculture and wild-caught fish, as there was considerable variation between locations within each group. When comparisons between aquaculture and wild fish were made of the inner and outer Spencer Gulf, aquaculture fish could be distinguished from wild fish and classified correctly with a high degree of accuracy (82–100%); the same level of accuracy was not achieved with wild fish. Comparison of elemental transects showed considerable variability between locations, with no features distinguishing aquaculture or wild-caught fish. It would be beneficial to combine naturally occurring signatures with other identification approaches (e.g. artificial elemental signatures) to accurately distinguish aquaculture from wild-caught fish. The impacts of escaped fish could then be determined.

Relationship between elemental concentration and age from otoliths of adult snapper (Pagrus auratus, Sparidae): implications for movement and stock structure

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 661 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Fowler ◽  
B. M. Gillanders ◽  
K. C. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Elemental Concentration ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Stock Structure ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Pagrus Auratus ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The present study investigated the stock structure of snapper (Pagrus auratus) in South Australia, and the extent to which this is influenced by adult movement. Fish from the 9+ age class were sampled from six different regions, encompassing >2000 km of coastline and different habitat types. The chemistry of transverse sections of otoliths was sampled using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, providing elemental profiles that were related to age for the first nine years of the fish’s lives. The age-related annual averages for both 88Sr and 138Ba differed significantly between regions. They were, however, similar for the first three years, then diverged considerably between the ages of three to five years, and then remained consistently different through to the age of nine years. This suggests that all fish, regardless of where captured, originated from only one or two nursery areas, but dispersed throughout the different regions between the ages of three to five years, before becoming resident to their new regions of occupancy. Thus, this population of snapper represents a single, large, stock where the individuals have a common origin, but through age-related emigration ultimately disperse and supplement the low abundance populations in regional State waters.

scholarly journals Determination and Assessment of the Toxic Heavy Metal Elements Abstracted from the Traditional Plant Cosmetics and Medical Remedies: Case Study of Libya

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiman M. Bobaker ◽  
Intisar Alakili ◽  
Sukiman B. Sarmani ◽  
Nadhir Al-Ansari ◽  
Zaher Mundher Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Walnut Tree ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Henna and walnut tree bark are widely used by Libyan women as cosmetics. They may contain lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), which, in turn, pose a high risk to their health. This study aims to determine the levels of Pb, Cd and As in henna and walnut tree bark products sold in Libyan markets. The products were analyzed for their Pb, Cd and As content by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after a microwave acid digestion. The results showed a significant difference between the henna and walnut tree bark samples in terms of their heavy metals content (p < 0.05). The highest heavy metal concentrations were observed in the walnut tree bark samples whereas the lowest was observed in the henna samples. In addition, 60% of the henna and 90% of the walnut tree bark samples contained Pb levels and approximately 80% of the henna and 90% the walnut tree bark samples contained Cd levels, which are much higher than the tolerance limit. However, As concentrations in all the samples were lower. The results indicated that such cosmetics expose consumers to high levels of Pb and Cd and hence, to potential health risks. Thus, studying the sources and effects of heavy metals in such cosmetics is strongly recommended.

scholarly journals Arsenic Accumulation of Realgar Altered by Disruption of Gut Microbiota in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Wenfeng Xu ◽  
Shanshan Zhang ◽  
Wenqing Jiang ◽  
Shuo Xu ◽  
Pengfei Jin
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Arsenic Accumulation ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Objective. To investigate the influence of gut microbiota on arsenic accumulation of realgar in mice. Methods. Mice were treated with antibiotics to form a mouse model of gut microbial disruption. Antibiotic-treated and normally raised mice were given 15 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 750 mg/kg realgar by gavage and 0.2 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg arsenic solution by subcutaneous injection for 7 days. The concentration of arsenic in mice whole blood was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Arsenic accumulation in antibiotic-treated mice and normally raised mice was compared. Results. After exposure to low dose (15 mg/kg) and middle dose (150 mg/kg) of realgar, significantly, more arsenic was accumulated in the whole blood of antibiotic-treated mice compared to normally raised counterparts, which indicated that the disruption of gut microbiota could lead to higher arsenic load of realgar in mice. The homeostasis of gut microbiota was supposed to be disrupted by high dose (750 mg/kg) of realgar because after exposure to high dose of realgar, there was no significant difference in arsenic accumulation between antibiotic-treated and normally raised mice. Furthermore, arsenic solution was administered by subcutaneous injection to mice to investigate the influence of gut microbial differences on arsenic accumulation in addition to the absorption process, and there was no significant difference in arsenic accumulation between mice with these two different statuses of gut microbiota. Conclusions. Gut microbiota disruption could increase arsenic accumulation of realgar in mice.

scholarly journals Hair Mercury Levels Detection in Fishermen from Sicily (Italy) by ICP-MS Method after Microwave-Assisted Digestion

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Giangrosso ◽  
Gaetano Cammilleri ◽  
Andrea Macaluso ◽  
Antonio Vella ◽  
Nicolantonio D’Orazio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Hair Mercury ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

A number of ninety-six hair samples from Sicilian fishermen were examined for total mercury detection by an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. The mercury levels obtained were compared with mercury levels of 96 hair samples from a control group, in order to assess potential exposure to heavy metals of Sicilian fishermen due to fish consumption and closeness to industrial activities. Furthermore, the mercury levels obtained from hair samples were sorted by sampling area in order to verify the possible risks linked to the different locations. The overall mean concentration in the hair of the population of fishermen was6.45±7.03 μg g−1, with a highest value in a fisherman of Sciacca (16.48 μg g−1). Hair mercury concentration in fishermen group was significantly higher than in control group (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in hair total mercury concentrations between sampling areas (p>0.05). The results of this study indicate a greater risk of exposure to mercury in Sicilian fishermen, in comparison to the control population, due to the high consumption of fish and the close relationship with sources of exposure (ports, dumps, etc.).

scholarly journals Determination of Nickel and Cadmium in Freshwater Fishes at Sungai Kuantan, Sungai Riau And Sungai Pinang

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1S) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Wan Marlin Rohalin ◽  
Nadzifah Yaakub
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Determination Of Nickel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Health Organization

Heavy metal exhibit toxic and persistent characteristics, can enter into the food chains and the ecosystem where they cause adverse impact on the biotic and abiotic components of ecosystem. Heavy metal pollution in Malaysia has become a major health concern for humans. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the level of cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) in the muscle and gill of fishes collected from the Sungai Kuantan and Sungai Riau. Field sampling was conducted between September and December 2017. Five different species of fishes: Barbonymus gonionotus (Lampam Jawa), B. schwanenfeldii( Lampam Sungai), Hampala macrolepidota(Sebarau), Chitala chitala (Belida), and Hemibagrus nemurus(Baung) were digested by using acid digestion method and analysed with Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS). Concentration of Cd among species were in order of: H. macrolepidota >B.gonionotus> B. schwanenfeldii> C.chitala> H.nemurus, whereas Ni level in fishes were: C. chitala> H. macrolepidota> B. gonionotus> H. nemurus> B. schwanenfeldii. Among all the species, H. macrolepidota from Sungai Kuantan had the highest Cd in both muscle (0.1761±0.0062¬mg/kg) and gills (0.2938±0.0066mg/kg) whereas the highest Ni level in muscle was noted in C. chitala from Sungai Kuantan with (0.1473±0.0755 mg/kg) and in gills of B.gonionotus (0.4544±0.0470mg/kg) from the same river respectively. It was obtained that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) of Cd in muscle between species. Ni concentration in fishes was below the permissible limit stipulated by World Health Organizations WHO (1985) and Food and Agriculture Organizations (2012) but the concentration of Cd was recorded high. However, it was still below the World Health Organization (WHO) 1985 and Malaysian Food Act (MFA) 1983.

scholarly journals Geochemistry of Groundwater and Naturally Occurring Biogenic Pyrite in the Holocene Fluvial Aquifers in Uphapee Watershed, Macon County, Alabama

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 912
Author(s):  
Md Mahfujur Rahman ◽  
Ming-Kuo Lee ◽  
Ashraf Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Drinking Water Standard ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Naturally occurring biogenic pyrite has been found in Holocene fluvial aquifers in the Uphapee watershed, Macon County, Alabama. The electron microprobe (EMP) analysis showed that the pyrite grains contain 0.20–0.92 weight% of arsenic (As). The scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis confirmed a similar concentration of As in the pyrite that was consistent with the EMP analysis. The SEM analysis also confirmed the presence of additional trace elements such as cobalt (0.19 wt.%), and nickel (0.15 wt.%), indicative of pyrite’s capacity to sequester As and other trace elements. Pyrite grains were naturally formed and developed as large (20–200 μm) euhedral (i.e., cube, octahedron) crystals and non-framboid aggregates. However, the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis showed that the As concentration in the groundwater was not high, and it was within the EPA drinking water standard for As (10 µg/L). These results indicate that dissolved As is sequestered in naturally formed pyrite found in the fluvial sediments. The groundwater was moderately reducing to slightly oxidizing (Eh = 46 to173 mV), and nearly neutral to slightly acidic (pH = 5.53 to 6.51). Groundwater geochemistry data indicated a redox sequence of oxidation, denitrification, Mn(IV) reduction, Fe(III) reduction, and sulfate reduction along the flow path in the fluvial aquifer. The downgradient increases in dissolved Mn and then Fe concentrations reflect increased Mn(II) and Fe(II) production via microbial competition as the aquifer becomes progressively more reduced. Bacterial sulfate reduction seems to dominate near the end of the groundwater flow path, as the availability of Mn- and Fe-oxyhydroxides becomes limited in sediments rich in lignitic wood where increasing sulfate reduction leads to the formation of biogenic pyrite. The groundwater is a Ca-SO4 type and is not SO4 limited; thus, sulfate may serve as an electron acceptor for the bacterial sulfate-reducing reactions that sequester As into pyrite, which in turn results in very low groundwater As concentration (<2 µg/L).

scholarly journals Ion Binding Properties of a Naturally Occurring Metalloantibody

Antibodies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Elinaz Farokhi ◽  
Jonathan K. Fleming ◽  
M. Frank Erasmus ◽  
Aaron D. Ward ◽  
Yunjin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Bound State ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
Fab Fragment ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

LT1009 is a humanized version of murine LT1002 IgG1 that employs two bridging Ca2+ ions to bind its antigen, the biologically active lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). We crystallized and determined the X-ray crystal structure of the LT1009 Fab fragment in 10 mM CaCl2 and found that it binds two Ca2+ in a manner similar to its antigen-bound state. Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) confirmed that murine LT1002 also binds Ca2+ in solution and inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) revealed that, although Ca2+ is preferred, LT1002 can bind Mg2+ and, to much lesser extent, Ba2+. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) indicated that LT1002 binds two Ca2+ ions endothermically with a measured dissociation constant (KD) of 171 μM. Protein and genome sequence analyses suggested that LT1002 is representative of a small class of confirmed and potential metalloantibodies and that Ca2+ binding is likely encoded for in germline variable chain genes. To test this hypothesis, we engineered, expressed, and purified a Fab fragment consisting of naïve murine germline-encoded light and heavy chain genes from which LT1002 is derived and observed that it binds Ca2+ in solution. We propose that LT1002 is representative of a class of naturally occurring metalloantibodies that are evolutionarily conserved across diverse mammalian genomes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Element-Tagged Duplex Immunoassay Coupled with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Detection: A Further Study for the Application of the New Assay in Clinical Laboratory

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wencan Jiang ◽  
Gongwei Sun ◽  
Wenbin Cui ◽  
Shasha Men ◽  
Miao Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Background: Element-tagged immunoassay coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection has the potential to revolutionize immunoassay analysis for multiplex detection. However, a further study referring to the standard evaluation and clinical sample verification is needed to ensure its reliability for simultaneous analysis in clinical laboratories. Methods: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and α-fetoprotein (AFP) were chosen for the duplex immunoassay. The performance of the assay was evaluated according to guidelines from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Moreover, reference intervals (RIs) of CEA and AFP were established. At last, 329 clinical samples were analyzed by the proposed method and results were compared with those obtained with electrochemiluminescent immunoassay (ECLIA) method. Results: The measurement range of the assay was 2–940 ng/mL for CEA and 1.5–1000 ng/mL for AFP, with a detection limit of 0.94 ng/mL and 0.34 ng/mL, respectively. The inter-assay and intra-assay imprecision were all less than 6.58% and 10.62%, respectively. The RI of CEA and AFP was 0–3.84 ng/mL and 0–9.94 ng/mL, respectively. Regarding to clinical sample detection, no significant difference was observed between the proposed duplex assay and the ECLIA method. Conclusions: The ICP-MS-based duplex immunoassay was successfully developed and the analytical performance fully proved clinical applicability. Well, this could be different with other analytes.

scholarly journals Nanoparticle Characterisation of Traditional Homeopathically Manufactured Cuprum metallicum and Gelsemium sempervirens Medicines and Controls

Homeopathy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 107 (04) ◽  
pp. 244-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Goyens ◽  
Etienne Capieaux ◽  
Philippe Devos ◽  
Pierre Dorfman ◽  
Michel Van Wassenhoven
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
European Pharmacopoeia ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gelsemium Sempervirens ◽  
Dilution Level

Background Homeopathy is controversial due to its use of very highly diluted medicines (high potencies/dynamisations). Methods We used a multi-technology approach to examine dilutions of two commonly used homeopathic medicines: an insoluble metal, Cuprum metallicum, and a soluble plant tincture, Gelsemium sempervirens, for the presence of nanoparticles (NPs) of original substance. The homeopathic medicines tested were specially prepared, according to the European pharmacopoeia standards. We compared the homeopathic dilutions/dynamisations with simple dilutions and controls. Results Using Mass Spectrometry (Single Particle-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) we could not find the expected copper in the 4cH potentisation and could not confirm the results previously obtained by Chikramane et al (2010). For Gelsemium medicines, using sensitive chromatography (HPLC-UV) up to a dilution level of 6 dH (3cH = dilution 10e-6), there was no significant difference in alkaloid content between a simple dilution and a homeopathic potency.For higher potentisations, however, NP tracking analysis findings revealed the presence of particles in all samples (except for pure water). The measurements showed large differences in particle quantities, mean particle sizes and standard deviations of the mean sizes between manufacturing lines of different starting material.There was always more material in potentised medicines than in potentised pure water. Gelsemium yielded the largest quantity of material (36 times more than that from copper at the same potentisation, 30 cH). The shapes and the chemical composition of the material are differentiable between different medicines and controls. Conclusion Potentisation influences specifically the nature of NPs detected. This material demonstrates that the step-by-step process (dynamised or not) does not match with the theoretical expectations in a dilution process. The Avogadro/Loschmidt limit is not relevant at all. It was not possible to reproduce the findings of Chikramane et al (2010) using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry with copper. Copper NPs could not be detected at 4cH and above.

scholarly journals Compound-specific bromine isotope compositions of one natural and six industrially synthesised organobromine substances

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Carrizo ◽  
Maria Unger ◽  
Henry Holmstrand ◽  
Per Andersson ◽  
Örjan Gustafsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Natural Sample ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Industrial Compounds

Environmental contextBrominated organic compounds of both natural and anthropogenic origin are commonly found in the environment. Bromine has two stable isotopes and the isotopic composition of brominated compounds may vary depending on production pathways and degradation processes. These variations are a result of isotope fractionation effects, when heavy isotopes react slower than lighter isotopes. We apply compound-specific bromine isotope analysis to industrial brominated organic compounds, and one naturally produced analogue, to test the feasibility of the technique to investigate the source and environmental fate of these compounds. AbstractThe stable bromine isotopic composition (δ81Br) was determined for six industrially synthesised brominated organic compounds (BOCs) and one natural BOC by gas-chromatography multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC-mcICP-MS). The δ81Br compositions of brominated benzenes, phenols (both natural and industrial), anisoles, and naphthalenes were constrained with the standard differential measurement approach using as reference a monobromobenzene sample with an independently determined δ81Br value (–0.39‰ v. Standard Mean Ocean Bromide, SMOB). The δ81Br values for the industrial BOCs ranged from –4.3 to –0.4‰. The average δ81Br value for the natural compound (2,4-dibromophenol) was 0.2 ± 1.6‰ (1 s.d.), and for the identical industrial compound (2,4-dibromophenol) –1.1 ± 0.9‰ (1 s.d.), with a statistically significant difference of ~1.4 (P < 0.05). The δ81Br of four out of six industrial compounds was found to be significantly different from that of the natural sample. These novel results establish the bromine isotopic variability among the industrially produced BOCs in relation to a natural sample.

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