Assessing a generic synapomorphy of Pseudodebis Forster, 1964 (Lepidoptera : Nymphalidae : Satyrinae) and a recent speciation with a shift in elevation between two new species in the western Andes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Nakahara ◽  
Pável Matos-Maraví ◽  
Johanna Schwartz ◽  
Keith R. Willmott
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Speciation Event ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
Bayesian Confidence Interval

The field of systematics and our understanding of phylogenetic relationships have been invigorated by the use of molecular data, but analyses based on DNA sequence data are not always corroborated by diagnostic morphological characters. In particular, several taxonomic changes in butterflies (Papilionoidea) have been made solely on the basis of molecular data without identifying morphological synapomorphies that might have aided in diagnosing taxa from butterfly collections or specimens with no accessible DNA. We here focus on the butterfly genus Pseudodebis Forster, 1964 in the so-called ‘Taygetis clade’, which is one of the major clades in the diverse Neotropical nymphalid subtribe Euptychiina. We inferred the evolution of a male genitalic character using the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny for the ‘Taygetis clade’ to date. This approach allowed us to identify a synapomorphy for Pseudodebis Forster, 1964, which can be used to morphologically diagnose this genus and to distinguish it from other genera in the ‘Taygetis clade’. In addition, we describe two new species of Pseudodebis, P. nakamurai Nakahara & Willmott, sp. nov. and P. pieti Nakahara & Willmott, sp. nov., recovered as sister species based on molecular data, with an estimated time of divergence of 0.3 Ma (Bayesian confidence interval 0.03–1.61 Ma). Despite the low genetic divergence between these two Pseudodebis species, they can be readily distinguished by wing morphology. Pseudodebis nakamurai, sp. nov. and P. pieti, sp. nov. occur in partial sympatry across an elevational gradient along the western Andes, and the inferred recent speciation event might be related to a shift in elevation and possibly a change in larval hostplant preference. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:38B4AF76-79E9-4D4D-BF16-FCD8F53A7277

Two new species and three morphospecies of Ficophagus Davies & Bartholomaeus, 2015 (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from Ficus subgenus Pharmacosycea (Moraceae) in Central America

Nematology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerrie A. Davies ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
Barbara Center ◽  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Faerlie Bartholomaeus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Tail Shape

Aphelenchoidid nematodes were collected from the sycones ofFicussubgenusPharmacosyceafrom Central America. Two new species ofFicophaguswere recovered, and are described herein asF. maximasp. n. andF. yoponensissp. n. fromFicus maximaandF. yoponensis, respectively. They are differentiated from other species of the genus by a combination of morphological characters including having C-shaped females and spiral males, EP opening close to the lips, a short to long post-uterine sac, spicule characters, three pairs of subventral caudal papillae, DNA sequence data, biogeographical range, and host wasp andFicusspecies affiliation. The new species are differentiated from each other by spicule characters, length of the post-uterine sac, spermatheca shape, and female tail shape. In addition, three morphospecies were collected from sycones ofFicus glabrata,F. insipidaandF. tonduzii, respectively. Their morphological descriptions are presented but these taxa are not formally named as they currently lack molecular data.

scholarly journals Morphology and phylogeny reveal two novel Coryneum species from China

MycoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
Ning Jiang ◽  
Hermann Voglmayr ◽  
Cheng-Ming Tian
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Host Genus ◽  
Two New Species

Coryneum is currently the sole genus of Coryneaceae in Diaporthales, distinguished from other diaporthalean genera by transversely distoseptate brown conidia. However, Coryneum species are presently difficult to identify because of variability and overlap of morphological characters and the lack of sequence data for most described species. During fungal collection trips in China, 13 Coryneum isolates were obtained from cankered branches of Ilex and Quercus. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses (ITS, LSU, TEF1-α and RPB2) revealed that these strains belong to two new species (viz. Coryneumilicissp. nov. and C.songshanensesp. nov.), and three known species, C.gigasporum, C.sinense, and C.suttonii. Coryneumilicis has larger conidia and more distosepta than most Coryneum species. Coryneumsongshanense was similar to C.sinense from the same host genus, Quercus, in conidial length, but distinct in conidial width and by molecular data.

Two new species of Crocicreas (Helotiaceae, Ascomycota) revealed by morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 272 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUAN-DI ZHENG ◽  
WEN-YING ZHUANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Ectal Excipulum ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Two new species of Crocicreas are established based on morphological features and DNA sequence data. Crocicreas luteolum is distinct by combination of the following features: caulicolous, hymenium surface yellow, margin plane, ectal excipulum of textura prismatica, asci J+, 62−81 × 6.0−7.7 µm, and ascospores fusoid, biguttulate, 11−14 × 2.2−3.3 µm. Crocicreas pseudobambusae is featured by combination of bambusicolous, hymenium surface white to beige, margin plane, ectal excipulum of textura intricata, asci J+, 36−58 × 3.5−5.5 µm, and ascospores ellipsoid, eguttulate, 4.5−7.7 × 1.8−2.5 µm. Description, illustration and comparison with related fungi are provided for each species. Sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA are used to confirm their generic positions.

Taxonomic changes and description of two new species for the Phyllodactylus lanei complex (Gekkota: Phyllodactylidae) in Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4407 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
TONATIUH RAMÍREZ-REYES ◽  
OSCAR FLORES-VILLELA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Changes

An integrative taxonomy approach was implemented based on analysis of genetic, phylogenetic, morphological and ecological data to identify the cryptic diversity within the Phyllodactylus lanei complex. At least six species can be identified, of which four are currently considered subspecies: Phyllodactylus lanei, Phyllodactylus rupinus, Phyllodactylus isabelae, Phyllodactylus lupitae and two corresponding to undescribed taxa, which are identified and described in this contribution. These differ from other Mexican geckos in several characters: genetic distance (DNAmt), position in molecular phylogeny (concatened data DNAmt+DNAnu), species tree, morphological characters such as snout-vent length, longitudinal scales, tubercles from head to tail, interorbital scales, scales across venter, third labial–snout scales and rows of tubercles across dorsum; there are also differences in their bioclimatic profiles (temperature and precipitation) and geographical distribution. The most recent studies on taxonomy and evolution of Mexican geckos (Phyllodactylus) show that the diversity of this group of reptiles is currently underestimated, suggesting that more research and conservation efforts are should be addressed at these lizards. 

Description of two new species of Rhamphus related to R. oxyacanthae (Curculionidae, Curculioninae, Rhamphini) from Italy based on a morphological study supported by molecular data

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4995 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-128
Author(s):  
LUCIANO DIOTTI ◽  
ROBERTO CALDARA ◽  
IVO TOŠEVSKI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of the weevil genus Rhamphus from Italy are herein described: R. bavierai n. sp. (Sicily) and R. hampsicora n. sp. (Sardinia). Both are morphologically and from a molecular perspective close to R. oxyacanthae (Marsham, 1802) and R. monzinii Pesarini & Diotti, 2012. Aside from a diagnostic description and a synoptic key, distribution data and notes on the host plants of the four species are reported. Whereas R. monzinii can be distinguished by several morphological characters, the other three species are morphologically very similar to each other and separable only by the combination of a few subtle characters. On the contrary, a preliminary molecular study revealed substantial divergences of mtCOI from 6.2 to 14.9% between the species, confirming the importance of an integrative taxonomy.  

scholarly journals The Genera of Fungi – G6: Arthrographis, Kramasamuha, Melnikomyces, Thysanorea, and Verruconis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
M. Hernández-Restrepo ◽  
A. Giraldo ◽  
R. van Doorn ◽  
M.J. Wingfield ◽  
J.Z. Groenewald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time

The Genera of Fungi series, of which this is the sixth contribution, links type species of fungal genera to their morphology and DNA sequence data. Five genera of microfungi are treated in this study, with new species introduced in Arthrographis, Melnikomyces, and Verruconis. The genus Thysanorea is emended and two new species and nine combinations are proposed. Kramasamuha sibika, the type species of the genus, is provided with DNA sequence data for first time and shown to be a member of Helminthosphaeriaceae (Sordariomycetes). Aureoconidiella is introduced as a new genus representing a new lineage in the Dothideomycetes.

scholarly journals New species in Dictyosporium, new combinations in Dictyocheirospora and an updated backbone tree for Dictyosporiaceae

MycoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 83-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yang ◽  
Jian-Kui Liu ◽  
Kevin D. Hyde ◽  
E.B. Gareth Jones ◽  
Zuo-Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Freshwater Fungi ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Backbone Tree

A survey of freshwater fungi on submerged wood in China and Thailand resulted in the collection of three species in Dictyocheirospora and four species in Dictyosporium including two new species in the latter genus. Morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses based on ITS, LSU and TEF1α sequence data support their placement in Dictyocheirospora and Dictyosporium (Dothideomycetes). An updated backbone tree is provided for the family Dothideomycetes. Descriptions and illustrations of the new taxa and re-collections are provided. Four new combinations are proposed for Dictyocheirospora.

Eupholidoptera karatolosi sp.n. and E. mirzayani sp.n. (Orthoptera,  Tettigoniidae), two new bushcrickets from Greece and Iran

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1562 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
MOHSEN MOFIDI-NEYESTANAK ◽  
DONALD L.J. QUICKE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Species Relationships ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Two New Species

Eupholidoptera karatolosi Mofidi-Neyestanak & Quicke from Greece and E. mirzayani Mofidi-Neyestanak & Quicke from Iran, two new species of bushcrickets (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae: Platycleidini), are described and distinguished from closely related species based on morphology. Species relationships within Eupholidoptera Maran are discussed and some species are given new assignments. A simplified illustrated identification key to the species of Eupholidoptera is provided to accommodate the new species. They are being described since they have been used to generate DNA sequence data that will be published elsewhere as part of a phylogenetic study of the tribe Platycleidini.

Two new species of shrub frogs (Rhacophoridae: Pseudophilautus) from Sri Lanka

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2747 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MADHAVA MEEGASKUMBURA ◽  
KELUM MANAMENDRA-ARACHCHI
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitats ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of Sri Lankan shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus are described. These species are diagnosed from their congeners on the basis of morphology, morphometrics and mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Pseudophilautus schneideri, new species, is distinguished from all Sri Lankan Pseudophilautus by its small size (< 22.8 mm SVL), distinct tympanum and supratympanic fold, sharp canthal edges, granular throat, chest and belly, and absence or presence of a vomerine ridge. Pseudophilautus hankeni, new species, is distinguished by its diminutive size (< 21.9 mm SVL), distinct tympanum, rounded canthal edges, tuberculated outer edge of lower arm, tuberculated dermal fold on outer edge of foot, granular throat, chest and belly, and the absence of a vomerine ridge. Pseudophilautus schneideri inhabits shrubs in open areas of the low to mid-elevations of the island’s south-western ‘wet zone’ (rainfall > 2,000 mm•yr -1 ), including anthropogenic habitats, while P. hankeni is found on shrubs in the understorey of montane forests of the highest peaks (c. 1,200– 1,600 m elevation) of the Knuckles region. These descriptions bring the total number of valid species of Sri Lankan Pseudophilautus to 67, 48 of which are extant.

The genus Iare Barbalho and Penteado-Dias (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) in Mexico, with the description of two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2685 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUAN JOSÉ MARTÍNEZ ◽  
FADIA SARA CECCARELLI ◽  
ALEJANDRO ZALDÍVAR-RIVERÓN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Single Clade ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of the doryctine genus Iare, I. mexicanus sp. nov. and I. cheguevarai sp. nov., are genetically and morphologically described from a tropical dry forest in Jalisco, Mexico. Iare belokobylskiji Marsh is also reported for the latter region. These species represent the northernmost distribution records for the genus. A simultaneous Bayesian analysis with COI and 28S DNA sequence data recovered the three examined species of Iare within a single clade, though with low support. This genus appears nested within a large doryctine Neotropical clade as sister group of a cluster containing species of Callihormius Ashmead, Leluthia Cameron, Histeromeroides Marsh and Panama Marsh.

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