Phylogenetic relationships within the Terebellidae (Polychaeta:Terebellida) based on morphological characters

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 605 ◽  
Author(s):  
André R. S. Garraffoni ◽  
Paulo C. Lana
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Dorsal Ridge

Most of the recognised genera in Terebellidae lack phylogenetic support because their current diagnoses are based on homoplastic or plesiomorphic features. To address this problem, the phylogenetic relationships of terebellid genera were studied using a morphology-based parsimony analysis of 94 species, with members of the Ampharetidae and Alvinellidae as outgroups. The monophyly of the Terebellidae is supported by the presence of a prostomium shaped as a dorsal ridge-like structure, the prostomial buccal tentacles not retractable into the mouth and the ventral glandular areas having distinct pads. The subfamilies Polycirrinae, Terebellinae and Trichobranchinae are monophyletic. Species of Trichobranchinae form a clade within the Terebellidae, which provides further evidence to support its subfamily status. The lack of evidence to support Thelepodinae reinforces previous statements that this group is not monophyletic.

Phylogenetic relationships between the genera Aphidius and Lysaphidus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) with description of Aphidius iranicus sp. nov.

2007 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željko Tomanović ◽  
Ehsan Rakhshani ◽  
Petr Starý ◽  
Nickolas G. Kavallieratos ◽  
Ljubiša Ž. Stanisavljević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Generic Status

AbstractWe analyzed the phylogenetic relationships between eight Aphidius Nees and six Lysaphidus Smith species on the basis of 12 morphological characters by parsimony analysis. The consensus tree does not support the generic status of Lysaphidus. Aphidius iranicus, sp. nov., associated with Titanosiphon bellicosum Nevsky on Artemisia absinthium L. from Iran, is described. The new parasitoid species is described and illustrated by line drawings, and its diagnostic characters are discussed. The taxonomic position of the subgenus Tremblayia Tizado and Núñez-Pérez is also considered. Tremblayia and Lysaphidus are newly classified as synonyms of Aphidius. The following new or revised combinations are proposed: Aphidius adelocarinus Smith, comb. rev., A. ramythirus Smith, comb. rev., A. rosaphidis Smith, comb. rev., A. viaticus (Sedlag), comb. nov., A. arvensis (Starý), comb. nov., and A. erysimi (Starý), comb. nov.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships within the Pylochelidae (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea): A cladistic analysis based on morphological characters

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2022 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAEL LEMAITRE ◽  
PATSY A. MCLAUGHLIN ◽  
ULF SORHANNUS
Keyword(s):  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Strict Consensus Tree ◽  
The Family

Phylogenetic relationships within the “symmetrical” hermit crab family Pylochelidae were analyzed for 41 of the 45 species and subspecies currently considered valid. In the analyses, 78 morphological characters comprised the data matrix and the outgroup consisted of Thalassina anomala, a member of the Thalassinidae, and Munida quadrispina, a member of the Galatheidae. A poorly resolved strict consensus tree was obtained from a heuristic parsimony analysis of unweighted and unordered characters, which showed the family Pylochelidae and the subfamilies Pylochelinae and Pomatochelinae to be monophyletic taxa – the latter two groups had the highest Bremer support values. Additionally, while the subgenus Pylocheles (Pylocheles) was strongly supported, the subgenera Xylocheles, and Bathycheles were not. More fully resolved trees were obtained when using implied weighting, which recognized the monotypic subfamilies Parapylochelinae, Cancellochelinae and Mixtopagurinae. The subfamily Trizochelinae was found to have four distinct clades and several ambiguously placed taxa.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships of the species of Acestridium Haseman, 1911 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica S. Rodriguez ◽  
Maria Laura S. Delapieve ◽  
Roberto E. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Parsimony Analysis

A phylogeny of the species of the loricariid genus Acestridium and relevant outgroups is presented based on a parsimony analysis of 52 unweighted and unordered morphological characters. Acestridium is diagnosed as monophyletic based on the possession of the 17 exclusive synapomorphies. Two primary trees were found, and the strict consensus among those alternative trees resulted in the following relationships: ((A. dichromum + A. triplax)(A. gymnogaster + A. scutatum + (A. discus (A. colombiensis + A. martini)))). Acestridium was found to be sister to Niobichthys with this clade subsequently the sister-group to Oxyropsis + Hypoptopoma.

Morphological phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the former antlion subtribe Periclystina (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Dendroleontinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4796 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-322
Author(s):  
RENATO JOSE PIRES MACHADO ◽  
JOHN DAVID OSWALD
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Parsimony Analysis

The species of the former antlion subtribe Periclystina (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) are revised. Prior to this work Periclystina comprised 10 genera and 63 species endemic to Australia (62 spp.) and New Guinea (1 sp.). In this work two former genera are synonymized and four new genera are proposed (for a total of 12 valid genera), and six former species are synonymized and 16 new species are proposed (for a total of 73 valid species). A parsimony analysis utilizing 62 morphological characters is used to infer phylogenetic relationships among all 73 species, and suitable outgroups. Based on the results of the phylogenetic analysis, the tribal and/or generic assignments of 55 (75%) of former Periclystina species are modified here. Periclystina and its two largest genera—Austrogymnocnemia and Glenoleon—were all recovered as polyphyletic in their former circumscriptions. Ten species—placed here in six genera: Anomaloplectron, Csiroleon, Fissuleon gen. nov., Franzenia, Fusoleon and Latileon gen. nov.—clustered phylogenetically with Acanthoplectron and are transferred to the tribe Acanthoplectrini. The remaining 63 species—placed in six additional genera: Austrogymnocnemia, Glenoleon, Megagonoleon gen. nov., Minyleon gen. nov., Periclystus and Riekoleon—form a monophyletic Periclystus genus group and are transferred to the tribe Dendroleontini. All 73 species are (re)described and illustrated. New identification keys are provided for the tribes of Dendroleontinae, for the Australian genera of Acanthoplectrini and Dendroleontini, and for each of the non-monotypic genera treated. In addition, five new lectotypes are designated and 35 new combinations are created. 

Phylogenetic relationships of Elateridae inferred from adult morphology, with special reference to the position of Cardiophorinae

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2900 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUME DOUGLAS
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Posterior Probabilities ◽  
Bayesian Analyses ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Fossil Genus

A phylogeny is presented for the Elateridae, inferred from parsimony and Bayesian analyses of 175 adult morphological characters. Analyses using non gap-weighted morphological data yielded results compatible with each other and some published classifications, while gap-weighted parsimony analysis did not. Bayesian posterior probabilities for the monophyly of the Elateridae and the elaterid subfamilies Athoinae (sensu Dolin 1975), Cardiophorinae (including Exoeolus Broun), Denticollinae (sensu Stibick 1979a), Elaterinae (sensu Stibick 1979a), Hypnoidinae (sensu Stibick 1976) and Lissominae (sensu Calder et al. 1993) were less than 0.05. The bioluminescent genus Pyrophorus was found to be an apical member of the mostly non-bioluminescent Agrypninae, supporting the hypothesis of at least one independent origin of bioluminescence in the Elateridae. The closest relatives to the Cardiophorinae minus Exoeolus were found in the Negastriinae. The subfamilies Cardiophorinae + Negastriinae + Tropihypnus Reitter together rendered the Hypnoidinae (or the tribe Hypnoidini of Denticollinae) paraphyletic. Lesnelater madagascariensis Fleutiaux (the type species of Lesnelater Fleutiaux) is synonymised under the type species of Pachyelater Lesne: P. madagascariensis (Lesne) so that Lesnelater is a new synonym of Pachyelater. The genus Exoeolus Broun is transferred from the Cardiophorinae to the Hemiopinae; the fossil genus Crioraphes Iablokoff-Khnzorian is transferred to the Elaterinae incertae sedis; the fossil genera Pseudocardiophorites Dolin, and Protocardiophorus Dolin are transferred to Elateroidea incertae sedis. Dolin’s (1976) hypothesis of a Jurassic origin of the Cardiophorinae was not supported by fossil evidence.

On the spider genus Weintrauboa (Araneae, Pimoidae), with a description of a new species from China and comments on its phylogenetic relationships

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1814 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO HORMIGA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
A New Species

Weintrauboa yele new species (Pimoidae) is described and illustrated based on specimens collected in China. The taxonomic status and distribution of Weintrauboa insularis (Saito, 1935) new combination and of W. chikunii (Oi, 1979) are discussed and the former species is illustrated based on specimens from the Sakhalin islands. Parsimony analysis of morphological characters provides support for the monophyly of Weintrauboa and for its sister group relationship to the genus Putaoa Hormiga and Tu, 2008. Some comments on the phylogenetic placement of the recently erected family “Sinopimoidae” are provided.

Readjustment of the Standard ASUDAS to Encompass Dental Morphological Variations in Plio-Pleistocene Hominins

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 32-48
Author(s):  
M. Louail ◽  
S. Prat
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University ◽  
Dental Anthropology ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Fossil Hominins ◽  
Fossil Hominin

The standard ASUDAS scoring system (Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System) is used to assess dental morphological variations in modern humans. It is also frequently used to study, score, and compare morphological variations in fossil hominin taxa and to examine their phylogenetic relationships. However, using ASUDAS in studies of this type is under debate because it is based on modern Homo sapiens populations and does not appear to cover all variations observed in fossil Plio-Pleistocene homi- nins. Our observations and coding of 178 dentals casts of Plio-Pleistocene specimens based on ASUDAS and from the literature have confirmed the need to adapt the standard system to fossil hominins. In this initial study, we propose that the scoring procedures for some morphological characters need to be readjusted, while others could be standardized following the ASUDAS system.

Phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Hylodinae (Anura, Leptodactylidae) based on morphological characters

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca do Val ◽  
Paulo Nuin
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Family

AbstractThe systematics and phylogenetic relationships of the family Leptodactylidae are controversial as is the intrafamilial phylogeny of the leptodactylids. Here we analyze the relationships of the leptodactylid subfamily Hylodinae. This subfamily has been considered to be monophyletic and composed of three genera, Hylodes, Crossodactylus and Megaelosia. In the present study 49 characters were used, based on different studies on Leptodactylidae phylogeny. Maximum parsimony methods with unweighted and successively weighted characters were used to estimate the phylogeny of the Hylodinae. Upon analysis, the data provided further evidence of the monophyletic status of the three genera, with Megaelosia being the basal genus and the other two genera being sister taxa. The analysis with successive weighting results in a more resolved topology of the species subgroups of the genus Hylodes and separates this genus from Crossodactylus and confirms that the hylodines are monophyletic.

Phylogeny of Palaearctic Pharyngodonidae parasite species of Testudinidae: a morphological approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 1885-1893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah Bouamer ◽  
Serge Morand
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Morphological Approach ◽  
Species Descriptions

The phylogenetic relationships of 23 oxyurid species from five genera (21 parasite species of the Palaearctic Testudinidae, 1 parasite species of Uromastix acanthinurus Bell, 1825 from Algeria, and 1 parasite species of Cteno sa ura pectinata (Wiegmann, 1834) from Mexico) were investigated using 30 morphological characters obtained from species descriptions. The nonweighted analysis produced one shortest tree. All species of the ingroup form a monophyletic group and the oxyurid species of Testudinidae form a monophyletic group. The type species of the genus Alaeuris Thapar, 1925 is the basal member of the species parasitizing Testudinidae. The analysis confirms the monophyly of the genus Thaparia Ortlepp, 1933, whereas the genera Mehdiella Seurat, 1918 and Tachygonetria Wedl, 1862 are considered paraphyletic groups. The large diversification in the genus Tachygonetria is linked to their position in the host caecum. The ancestral state is in the paramucous and the derived state is in the centre of the caecum. This suggests that recent speciation in the group occurs in the centre of the caecum.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Relationships of Turbot Species (Scophthalmidae) Inferred from the Mitochondrial COIII Gene and Morphological Characters

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cemal Turan ◽  
Petya Ivanova ◽  
Mevlüt Gürlek ◽  
Deniz Yağlioğlu ◽  
Deniz Ergüden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characters
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