Henry Robert Wallace 1924 - 2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Allen Kerr ◽  
Kerrie Davies ◽  
Graham Stirling
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathology ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Rothamsted Experimental Station ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
The University

Harry Wallace was born in Lancashire, England on 12 September 1924 and died at Murray Bridge, South Australia on 26 July 2011. He had a distinguished career, as a scientist at the University of Cambridge, Rothamsted Experimental Station and CSIRO's Division of Horticulture, and as Professor of Plant Pathology at the University of Adelaide. He was internationally recognised for his pioneering work on the movement of nematodes and for his work on the interactions between nematodes, the environment and the plant. He made a major contribution to Australian agriculture by providing a blueprint for research needed to understand cereal cyst nematode, which was a major pest that significantly reduced yield. The blueprint led to efficient methods of disease control.

Influence of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) on wheat yields in South Australia

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (112) ◽  
pp. 516 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Rovira ◽  
PG Brisbane ◽  
A Simon ◽  
DG Whitehead ◽  
RL Correll
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Variety ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Yield Responses

Significant yield responses of up to 0.9 t/ha were obtained with the nematicides aldicarb and dibromochloropropane in seven of eleven field trials with the wheat variety, Condor. Both nematicides reduced the numbers of white cysts of Heterodera avenae on the roots of wheat. With aldicarb the increase in wheat yields varied directly as the decrease in white cysts: dibromochloropropane gave similar increases in yield as aldicarb with a greater reduction in cyst numbers. There was no yield increase with either nematicide when cereal cyst nematode was not present. An analysis of covariance indicated that over all the sites 64% of the increase in yield due to aldicarb could be explained in terms of cysts of cereal cyst nematode.

John Robert Anderson 1928–2007

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Neil R. Avery ◽  
W. Roy Jackson ◽  
Thomas H. Spurling
Keyword(s):  
Technical College ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
South Wales ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
The University ◽  
Csiro Division

John Anderson was born in Sydney on 5 March 1928 and died in Melbourne on 26 February 2007. He was educated at Sydney Boys' High School, Sydney Technical College, the New South Wales University of Technology (now the University of New South Wales) and the University of Cambridge. He was at Queens University Belfast as a Ramsay Memorial Fellow, 1954–5, was a Lecturer in Chemistry at the New South Wales University of Technology, a Reader in Chemistry at the University of Melbourne and Foundation Professor of Chemistry at Flinders University in South Australia. In 1969 he was appointed Chief of the CSIRO Division of Tribophysics and managed the Division's transition to become the Division of Materials Science. He was a Professor of Chemistry at Monash University, Melbourne, from 1987 until his retirement in 1993. He will be remembered for his contributions to the understanding of gas–solid interactions with particular emphasis on fundamental heterogeneous catalysis on metals, but also embracing other adsorption and oxidation processes.

Relationships between wheat varieties on the basis of grain yield for South Australian farms

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
DG Pederson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Boron Toxicity ◽  
Graphical Representations ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
Measure Of Association

In South Australia there were 116 receival sites for wheat grown on farms in the 1984-85 and 1985-86 seasons. The amounts received were recorded according to variety, and in this study an analysis was carried out of the yields of the top 15 varieties for the two seasons.Distribution maps were produced for two of the varieties to demonstrate how the distribution of a variety can be related to environmental factors. A measure of association was calculated for each pair of varieties and graphical representations of the inter-varietal distances were obtained from principal coordinates analyses. Examples were given of closely associated varieties for which the probable link was tolerance to boron toxicity, for one pair of varieties, and resistance to cereal cyst nematode, for a second pair of varieties.

The effects of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) and Rhizoctonia solani on the growth and yield of wheat

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Meagher ◽  
RH Brown ◽  
AD Rovira
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Root Pathogens

Field trials in a sandy mallee soil in Victoria have shown that large increases (up to 323%) in grain yield are obtained by soil fumigation or the application of nematicides. Development of the plants was enhanced by control of soil-borne root pathogens. The occurrence of both cereal cyst nematode (H. avenae) and Rhizoctonia solani in patches of poor wheat in a field trial in South Australia indicate a possible association between these two pathogens. Glasshouse studies showed that the effects of H. avenae and R. solani on wheat were greater when both pathogens were together than with each individually.

Population estimates of cereal cyst nematode and response of wheat to granular nematicides

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (116) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
PM King ◽  
AD Rovira ◽  
PG Brisbane ◽  
A Simon ◽  
RH Brown
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Seminal Root ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Plant Assays

Response of vegetative growth and grain yield of wheat Triticum aestivum cv. Condor to the control of cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae by nematicides applied with the seed, in the drill row was assessed in twenty field trials. These trials were conducted in 1978 on three soil types near Coonalpyn, South Australia. Aldicarb was used at all sites and fosthietan and terbufos at four sites. Significant grain yield increases to aldicarb were obtained at 12 sites while yields were increased by the three nematicides at three sites. Numbers of eggs of H. avenae were determined in soil taken in January 1978, and these counts showed that all sites were infested over the range 0.03-8.5 eggs/g soil. Plant assays of the soils assessed the reduction in the length of seminal root axes (range 0-45%) and the severity of the root knotting caused by H. avenae. The egg densities in the soil, reduction in the length of the seminal root axes and disease ratings in the plant assay were highly correlated with each other (r = 0.75; P< 0.001 to 0.91, P< 0.001). These variables were not significantly correlated with grain yield increase due to aldicarb on the two major wheat soils studied, although a correlation, explaining 32-42% of the increase, existed when all sites were considered. A mathematical model based on cropping history and an estimated annual hatch of eggs of H. avenae failed to show a relation between these variables and the yield increase from nematicide. H. avenae caused severe disease and yield loss on calcareous loams and red duplex soils but had only minimal effects at the sites on siliceous sands.

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