The continuous accumulation of Na+ in detached leaf sections is associated with over-expression of NTHK1 and salt tolerance in poplar plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Ying-Xia Yang ◽  
Xiangming Zhou ◽  
Yan-Hong Jia ◽  
Li-Li Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Detached Leaf ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Transient Overexpression ◽  
Chlorophyll Retention ◽  
Continuous Accumulation

Detached leaf sections (2 × 2 cm2) from transgenic poplar line 18-1 and its wild type (WT) (Populus × euramericana ‘Neva’) were used to test their salt tolerance and gene expression under controlled environment conditions. The sections from line 18-1 displayed better tolerance to NaCl stress, indicated by high chlorophyll retention and K+ content but low relative electrolyte leakage (REL). Transient overexpression of NTHK1 (Nicotiana tabacum histidine kinase 1) and V-H+-PPase was found in the detached young leaves from line 18-1 after they had been stressed for a few minutes. The activities of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase and H+-PPase in line 18-1 were boosted initially and then decreased to normal level as in unstressed leaves. After sections were stressed for 10 days, the maximal Na+ concentration in line 18-1 was much higher than that in the WT. The higher capacity for Na+ accumulation in line 18-1 may be due to stable Na+ sequestration into the vacuoles. Osmotic stress imposed little effect on REL and chlorophyll content of the sections. The capacity of detached leaf sections in NaCl solution to tolerate stress and to accumulate Na+ may be useful for identifying genotypes with good salt tolerance in poplar and other plants.

scholarly journals Patatin-Related Phospholipase pPLAIIIγ Involved in Osmotic and Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Jianwu Li ◽  
Maoyin Li ◽  
Shuaibing Yao ◽  
Guangqin Cai ◽  
Xuemin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes

Patatin-related phospholipases (pPLAs) are acyl-hydrolyzing enzymes implicated in various processes, including lipid metabolism, signal transduction, plant growth and stress responses, but the function for many specific pPLAs in plants remains unknown. Here we determine the effect of patatin-related phospholipase A pPLAIIIγ on Arabidopsis response to abiotic stress. Knockout of pPLAIIIγ rendered plants more sensitive whereas overexpression of pPLAIIIγ enhanced plant tolerance to NaCl and drought in seed germination and seedling growth. The pPLAIIIγ-knockout and overexpressing seedlings displayed a lower and higher level of lysolipids and free fatty acids than that of wild-type plants in response to NaCl stress, respectively. These results indicate that pPLAIIIγ acts a positive regulator of salt and osmatic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.

Effect of exogenous application of sugars on the salt tolerance of perennial ryegrass protoplasts

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Unno ◽  
Yoshiyuki Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes

AbstractVarious sugars were introduced by electroporation into perennial ryegrass protoplasts, and the involvement of intracellular functional groups of the sugars in salt tolerance was investigated. The protoplasts were prepared from the young leaves of perennial ryegrass, and those into which sugars were introduced were treated with NaCl solution (250 mM, pH 7.0) for 6 h at 10°C. The survival rate of the protoplasts increased when xylitol, cellobiose, 1-kestose, maltose, maltotriose, raffinose and trehalose were introduced, while no changes occurred when fructose, fucose, galactose, glucose, inositol, mannitol, mannose, rhamnose, sorbitol, sorbose, fructobiose, lactose and sucrose were introduced. Cellobiose, 1-kestose, maltose, maltotriose, raffinose and trehalose possess a number of equatorial OH (e-OH) groups that promote the structuration of H2O. Xylitol, however, structures H2O even though it does not possess the e-OH groups. Hence, it is suggested that under conditions of NaCl stress, structured H2O protects the structure of cell membranes and the activity of enzymes, and that e-OH groups are involved in enhancing salt tolerance.

scholarly journals Ectopic Overexpression of Histone H3K4 Methyltransferase CsSDG36 from Tea Plant Decreases Hyperosmotic Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5064
Author(s):  
Qinghua Chen ◽  
Linghui Guo ◽  
Yanwen Yuan ◽  
Shuangling Hu ◽  
Fei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Microtubule Assembly ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Stomatal Development ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Histone H3k4

Histone methylation plays an important regulatory role in the drought response of many plants, but its regulatory mechanism in the drought response of the tea plant remains poorly understood. Here, drought stress was shown to induce lower relative water content and significantly downregulate the methylations of histone H3K4 in the tea plant. Based on our previous analysis of the SET Domain Group (SDG) gene family, the full-length coding sequence (CDS) of CsSDG36 was cloned from the tea cultivar ‘Fuding Dabaicha’. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the open reading frame (ORF) of the CsSDG36 gene was 3138 bp, encoding 1045 amino acids and containing the conserved structural domains of PWWP, PHD, SET and PostSET. The CsSDG36 protein showed a close relationship to AtATX4 of the TRX subfamily, with a molecular weight of 118,249.89 Da, and a theoretical isoelectric point of 8.87, belonging to a hydrophilic protein without a transmembrane domain, probably located on the nucleus. The expression of CsSDG36 was not detected in the wild type, while it was clearly detected in the over-expression lines of Arabidopsis. Compared with the wild type, the over-expression lines exhibited lower hyperosmotic resistance by accelerating plant water loss, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) pressure, and increasing leaf stomatal density. RNA-seq analysis suggested that the CsSDG36 overexpression caused the differential expression of genes related to chromatin assembly, microtubule assembly, and leaf stomatal development pathways. qRT-PCR analysis revealed the significant down-regulation of stomatal development-related genes (BASL, SBT1.2(SDD1), EPF2, TCX3, CHAL, TMM, SPCH, ERL1, and EPFL9) in the overexpression lines. This study provides a novel sight on the function of histone methyltransferase CsSDG36 under drought stress.

scholarly journals Overexpression of a Vesicle Trafficking Gene, OsRab7, Enhances Salt Tolerance in Rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojue Peng ◽  
Xia Ding ◽  
Tianfang Chang ◽  
Zhoulong Wang ◽  
Rong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Rice ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Vesicle Trafficking ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Vacuolar Trafficking ◽  
Main Factor

High soils salinity is a main factor affecting agricultural production. Studying the function of salt-tolerance-related genes is essential to enhance crop tolerance to stress.Rab7is a small GTP-binding protein that is distributed widely among eukaryotes. Endocytic trafficking mediated byRab7plays an important role in animal and yeast cells, but the current understanding ofRab7in plants is still very limited. Herein, we isolated a vesicle trafficking gene,OsRab7, from rice. Transgenic rice over-expressingOsRab7exhibited enhanced seedling growth and increased proline content under salt-treated conditions. Moreover, an increased number of vesicles was observed in the root tip ofOsRab7transgenic rice. TheOsRab7over-expression plants showed enhanced tolerance to salt stress, suggesting that vacuolar trafficking is important for salt tolerance in plants.

scholarly journals A novel gene LbHLH from the halophyte Limonium bicolor enhances salt tolerance via reducing root hair development and enhancing osmotic resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Wang ◽  
Yingli Zhou ◽  
Yanyu Xu ◽  
Baoshan Wang ◽  
Fang Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Salt Gland ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
35S Promoter ◽  
Osmotic Resistance ◽  
Salt Glands ◽  
Limonium Bicolor ◽  
Root Hair Development ◽  
Hair Development

Abstract Background Identifying genes involved in salt tolerance in the recretohalophyte Limonium bicolor could facilitate the breeding of crops with enhanced salt tolerance. Here we cloned the previously uncharacterized gene LbHLH and explored its role in salt tolerance. Results The 2,067-bp open reading frame of LbHLH encodes a 688-amino-acid protein with a typical helix-loop-helix (HLH) domain. In situ hybridization showed that LbHLH is expressed in salt glands of L. bicolor. LbHLH localizes to the nucleus, and LbHLH is highly expressed during salt gland development and in response to NaCl treatment. To further explore its function, we heterologously expressed LbHLH in Arabidopsis thaliana under the 35S promoter. The overexpression lines showed significantly increased trichome number and reduced root hair number. LbHLH might interact with GLABRA1 to influence trichome and root hair development, as revealed by yeast two-hybrid analysis. The transgenic lines showed higher germination percentages and longer roots than the wild type under NaCl treatment. Analysis of seedlings grown on medium containing sorbitol with the same osmotic pressure as 100 mM NaCl demonstrated that overexpressing LbHLH enhanced osmotic resistance. Conclusion These results indicate that LbHLH enhances salt tolerance by reducing root hair development and enhancing osmotic resistance under NaCl stress.

scholarly journals Over-expression of Arabidopsis DnaJ (Hsp40) contributes to NaCl-stress tolerance

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 972-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichang Zhao ◽  
Wanrong Zhang ◽  
Jinping Yan ◽  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Zhen Li Xufeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Over Expression

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Molecular Defensive Mechanism of Arachis hypogaea in Response to Salt Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Xiaobo Zhao ◽  
Quanxi Sun ◽  
Caixia Yan ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Cell Periphery ◽  
Oxidoreductase Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultivated Peanut ◽  
Young Leaves

Abiotic stresses comprise all nonliving factors, such as soil salinity, drought, extreme temperatures, and metal toxicity, posing a serious threat to agriculture and affecting the plant production around the world. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most important crops for vegetable oil, proteins, minerals, and vitamins in the world. Therefore, it is of importance to understand the molecular mechanism of peanut against salt stress. Six transcriptome sequencing libraries including 24-hour salt treatments and control samples were constructed from the young leaves of peanut. A comprehensive analysis between two groups detected 3,425 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 2,013 upregulated genes and 1,412 downregulated genes. Of these DEGs, 141 transcription factors (TFs) mainly consisting of MYB, AP2/ERF, WRKY, bHLH, and HSF were identified in response to salinity stress. Further, GO categories of the DEGs highly related to regulation of cell growth, cell periphery, sustained external encapsulating structure, cell wall organization or biogenesis, antioxidant activity, and peroxidase activity were significantly enriched for upregulated DEGs. The function of downregulated DEGs was mainly enriched in regulation of metabolic processes, oxidoreductase activity, and catalytic activity. Fourteen DEGs with response to salt tolerance were validated by real-time PCR. Taken together, the identification of DEGs’ response to salt tolerance of cultivated peanut will provide a solid foundation for improving salt-tolerant peanut genetic manipulation in the future.

scholarly journals A semi-dominant mutation in OsCESA9 improves biomass enzymatic digestibility and salt tolerance by relatively remodeling cell walls in rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafeng Ye ◽  
Shuoxun Wang ◽  
Kun Wu ◽  
Yan Ren ◽  
Hongrui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Normal Plant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Straw Return ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background: Cellulose synthase (CESA) mutants have potential use in straw processing due to their lower cellulose content, but almost all of the mutants exhibit defective phenotypes in plant growth and development. Balancing normal plant growth with reduced cellulose content remains a challenge, as cellulose content and normal plant growth are typically negatively correlated with one another. Result: Here, the rice (Oryza sativa) semi-dominant brittle culm (sdbc) mutant Sdbc1, which harbors a substitution (D387N) at the first conserved aspartic acid residue of OsCESA9, exhibits lower cellulose content and reduced secondary wall thickness as well as enhanced biomass enzymatic saccharification compared with the wild type (WT). Further experiments indicated that the OsCESA9D387N mutation may compete with the wild-type OsCESA9 for interacting with OsCESA4 and OsCESA7, further forming non-functional or partially functional CSCs. The OsCESA9/OsCESA9D387N heterozygous plants increase salt tolerance through scavenging and detoxification of ROS and indirectly affecting related gene expression. They also improve rice straw return to the field due to their brittle culms and lower cellulose content without any negative effects in grain yield and lodging. Conclusion: Hence, manipulation of OsCESA9D387N can provide the perspective of the rice straw for biofuels and bioproducts due to its improved enzymatic saccharification.

Over-expression of a plasma membrane H+-ATPase SpAHA1 conferred salt tolerance to transgenic Arabidopsis

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 255 (6) ◽  
pp. 1827-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Fan ◽  
Shumin Wan ◽  
Yingshuo Jiang ◽  
Youquan Xia ◽  
Xiaohui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Over Expression

Transcriptional reprogramming and enhanced photosynthesis drive inducible salt tolerance in sugarcane mutant line M4209

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (19) ◽  
pp. 6159-6173
Author(s):  
Pooja Negi ◽  
Manish Pandey ◽  
Kevin M Dorn ◽  
Ashok A Nikam ◽  
Rachayya M Devarumath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Mutant Line ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Transcriptional Reprogramming ◽  
Radiation Induced

Abstract Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is a globally cultivated cash crop whose yield is negatively affected by soil salinity. In this study, we investigated the molecular basis of inducible salt tolerance in M4209, a sugarcane mutant line generated through radiation-induced mutagenesis. Under salt-contaminated field conditions, M4209 exhibited 32% higher cane yield as compared with its salt-sensitive parent, Co86032. In pot experiments, post-sprouting phenotyping indicated that M4209 had significantly greater leaf biomass compared with Co86032 under treatment with 50 mM and 200 mM NaCl. This was concomitant with M4209 having 1.9-fold and 1.6-fold higher K+/Na+ ratios, and 4-fold and 40-fold higher glutathione reductase activities in 50 mM and 200 mM NaCl, respectively, which suggested that it had better ionic and redox homeostasis than Co86032. Transcriptome profiling using RNA-seq indicated an extensive reprograming of stress-responsive modules associated with photosynthesis, transmembrane transport, and metabolic processes in M4209 under 50 mM NaCl stress. Using ranking analysis, we identified Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL), Acyl-Transferase Like (ATL), and Salt-Activated Transcriptional Activator (SATA) as the genes most associated with salt tolerance in M4209. M4209 also exhibited photosynthetic rates that were 3–4-fold higher than those of Co86032 under NaCl stress conditions. Our results highlight the significance of transcriptional reprogramming coupled with improved photosynthetic efficiency in determining salt tolerance in sugarcane.

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