Ethylene levels associated with fruit and vegetables during marketing

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Warton ◽  
R. B. H. Wills ◽  
V. V. V. Ku
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Postharvest Life ◽  
High Level ◽  
Ethylene Level

Over 700 measures of the level of ethylene in the atmosphere of fruit and vegetable holding areas in wholesale markets, distribution centres, supermarket retail stores and domestic refrigerators were taken over a 3-year period. The lowest ethylene levels were found in supermarket stores with a mean level of 0.017–0.035 L/L in produce receival, storage and display areas. Levels in the ambient air of wholesale markets and distribution centres were higher at about 0.06 L/L. Domestic refrigerators were grouped into those that contained or did not contain apples with the ethylene level being much higher at 0.20 L/L where apples were present and 0.029 L/L where apples were absent. Using a rating scale, which was developed from published literature on non-climacteric produce, of ≤0.015 L/L ethylene as a low level where less than 10% of potential postharvest life is lost and ≥0.1 L/L as a high level where there is higher than 30% loss of postharvest life, suggests that most produce during marketing is held in an ethylene atmosphere where 10–30% of potential postharvest life is lost.

scholarly journals Fruit and vegetable consumption – the influence of aspects associated with trust in food and safety and quality of food

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne W Taylor ◽  
John Coveney ◽  
Paul R Ward ◽  
Julie Henderson ◽  
Samantha B Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Food Shopping ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Employment Education ◽  
High Level

AbstractObjectiveTo profile adults who eat less than the recommended servings of fruit and vegetables per day.DesignAustralia-wide population telephone survey on a random sample of the Australian population, with results analysed by univariate and multivariate models.SettingAustralia.SubjectsOne thousand one hundred and eight interviews, respondents’ (49·3 % males) mean age was 45·12 (sd 17·63) years.ResultsOverall 54·8 % and 10·7 % were eating the recommended number of servings of fruit and vegetables. Variables included in the multivariate model indicating low fruit consumption included gender, age, employment, education and those who were less likely to consider the safety and quality of food as important. In regard to low vegetable consumption, people who were more likely to do the food shopping only ‘some of the time’ and have a high level of trust in groups of people such as immediate family, neighbours, doctors and different levels of government were included in the final model. They were also less likely to neither consider the safety and quality of food as important nor trust organisations/institutions such as the press, television and politicians. In the final model depicting both low fruit and low vegetable servings, sex, age and a low level of importance with regard to safety and quality of food were included.ConclusionTo increase fruit and vegetable consumption, research into a broad range of determinants associated with behaviours should be coupled with a deeper understanding of the process associated with changing behaviours. While levels of trust are related to behaviour change, knowledge and attitudes about aspects associated with safety and quality of food are also of importance.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis on Knowledge and Adoption Level of Farmwomen Regarding Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technologies: A Micro Study by KVK, Ganjam-I

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Samantaray ◽  
Chitrotpala Devadarshini ◽  
Anita Patro ◽  
Prasanta Kumar Panda ◽  
Bishnupada Giri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Farm Women ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Preservation Technology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Adoption Level

The study was conducted during 2017-2019 in Ganjam district with the objective to find out the effectiveness of training programme of Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Ganjam-I, on knowledge and adoption level of trainee farmwomen regarding fruit and vegetables preservation technologies. A total 400 respondents were selected for the study which  includes 200 trainee farmwomen from the adopted villages, where Krishi Vigyan Kendra Ganjam-I, had conducted  training programmes in the area of fruit and vegetables preservation technologies and 200 non-trainee farmwomen selected from villages which were not covered by the KVK. The data revealed that majority, (i.e., 72.50 percent) of Trainee Farm-Women were having medium level of knowledge regarding Fruit and Vegetable Preservation technology, followed by those (20.00 percent and 7.50 percent) having high and low level of knowledge, respectively. Whereas, in case of Non-trainee farmwomen, all of them had low level of knowledge regarding Fruit And Vegetable Preservation technologies. Further the analysis of adoption scores of Trainee Farm-women revealed that (79.50 percent) of Trainee Farmwomen had medium level of adoption, followed by (20.50 percent) those having high level of adoption and (18.50 percent) are having low level of adoption as far as Fruit and Vegetable Production technologies are concerned, while in case of Non-Trainee Farm-women, all of them were having low level of adoption. This indicates that there has been significant difference between the trainees & non-trainees with regard to their Knowledge and Adoption of fruit and vegetables preservation technology.

scholarly journals A Study on User Preferential Choices about Rating Scales

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Cena ◽  
Fabiana Vernero
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Interactive Systems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Visual Metaphor ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Experience

Websites usually offer the same rating scale for all users and all tasks, but users can have very different preferences. In this paper, the authors study rating scales from the point of view of preferential choices, investigating i) if user preferences for rating scales depend on the object to evaluate, and ii) if user preferences change after they have rated an object repeatedly, gaining a high level of experience with the evaluated object. The authors first defined a model of rating scales, identifying generic classes based on features like granularity and visual metaphor. Then, the authors had users choose between three scales, one for each class, for rating two objects with opposite features, first in a condition where users had a low level of experience, and then in a condition where their level of experience was high. Results showed that user choices depend on the evaluated objects, while their level of experience influences their overall preferences, but not their choices when they have to rate a specific object. The authors conclude with some insights and guidelines for designers of interactive systems.

Analysing capabilities and resources used to incorporate fruit and vegetables into the family diet: findings from an Australian case study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Samantha B Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Organizational Skills ◽  
Australian Case ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Conducting Research

Research attributes low fruit and vegetable consumption to problems of access, availability and affordability. We conducted, for the first time, a case study with three families designed and analysed using the sustainable Livelihoods Framework. The benefit of such an approach is that we moved away from identified barriers and towards identifying the capabilities and resources low-income families use to incorporate fruit and vegetables into their diets. Mitigating cost and access, we provided families with a box of fresh fruit and vegetables free of charge for up to 10 weeks and observed and recorded how/if the contents were used. Results identify the importance of social networking, organizational skills, knowledge of health benefits, and social structures. This paper demonstrates an effective methodology for understanding the capabilities of, rather than barriers to, low-income families increasing fruit and vegetable intake. Additionally, we provide a ‘how to’ and ‘lessons from the field’ for researchers interested in conducting research of this nature.

41. Diffusion Badges as a Long-Term, Low-Level Method of Ambient Air Analysis

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Parker ◽  
S. Rose-Pehrsson ◽  
D. Kidwell
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Analysis ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Level Method

Teknik Data Mining Dalam Clustering Produksi Susu Segar Di Indonesia Dengan Algoritma K-Means

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Ilham Safitra Damanik ◽  
Sundari Retno Andani ◽  
Dedi Sehendro
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
Data Mining Techniques ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Cluster

Milk is an important intake to meet nutritional needs. Both consumed by children, and adults. Indonesia has many producers of fresh milk, but it is not sufficient for national milk needs. Data mining is a science in the field of computers that is widely used in research. one of the data mining techniques is Clustering. Clustering is a method by grouping data. The Clustering method will be more optimal if you use a lot of data. Data to be used are provincial data in Indonesia from 2000 to 2017 obtained from the Central Statistics Agency. The results of this study are in Clusters based on 2 milk-producing groups, namely high-dairy producers and low-milk producing regions. From 27 data on fresh milk production in Indonesia, two high-level provinces can be obtained, namely: West Java and East Java. And 25 others were added in 7 provinces which did not follow the calculation of the K-Means Clustering Algorithm, including in the low level cluster.

Determinants of Abuse of the Bodies of the Dead

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Margarita Khomyakova
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Dead ◽  
High Level

The author analyzes definitions of the concepts of determinants of crime given by various scientists and offers her definition. In this study, determinants of crime are understood as a set of its causes, the circumstances that contribute committing them, as well as the dynamics of crime. It is noted that the Russian legislator in Article 244 of the Criminal Code defines the object of this criminal assault as public morality. Despite the use of evaluative concepts both in the disposition of this norm and in determining the specific object of a given crime, the position of criminologists is unequivocal: crimes of this kind are immoral and are in irreconcilable conflict with generally accepted moral and legal norms. In the paper, some views are considered with regard to making value judgments which could hardly apply to legal norms. According to the author, the reasons for abuse of the bodies of the dead include economic problems of the subject of a crime, a low level of culture and legal awareness; this list is not exhaustive. The main circumstances that contribute committing abuse of the bodies of the dead and their burial places are the following: low income and unemployment, low level of criminological prevention, poor maintenance and protection of medical institutions and cemeteries due to underperformance of state and municipal bodies. The list of circumstances is also open-ended. Due to some factors, including a high level of latency, it is not possible to reflect the dynamics of such crimes objectively. At the same time, identification of the determinants of abuse of the bodies of the dead will reduce the number of such crimes.

scholarly journals Clinicians’ Knowledge and Attitudes About Delirium Detection and Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 519-520
Author(s):  
Priyanka Shrestha ◽  
Erica Husser ◽  
Diane Berish ◽  
Long Ngo ◽  
Marie Boltz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
P Value ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
High Level

Abstract Delirium is a serious and potentially life-threatening problem, but it remains clinically under-recognized. Various factors contribute to this under-recognition, including limited understanding of delirium, insufficient training and application of delirium assessments, potential stigma for the patient and increased workload for the clinician. As a part of an NIH funded study testing a rapid two-step delirium identification protocol at two hospitals in the U.S. (one urban and one rural), clinicians completed a 12-item survey to assess their knowledge and attitudes about delirium and their confidence in preventing and managing delirium. Survey response options followed a 5-point rating scale (strongly disagree, disagree, undecided, agree, strongly agree). The sample for this analysis included 399 clinicians (MDs=53; RNs=235; CNAs=111). Chi-square was used to test for group differences between clinician types. Less than half of the clinicians reported agreeing with the statement, “delirium is largely preventable” (MDs: 47%; RN: 44%; CNA: 41%, p-value=0.021). MDs and RNs indicated a high level of confidence in recognizing delirium while CNAs endorsed lower levels of confidence (MDs: 87%; RN: 81%; CNA: 65%, p-value=0.001). All types of clinicians reported lower confidence in managing delirium (MDs: 29%; RN: 36%; CNA: 44%, p-value=0.117). 47% of CNAs and 37% of RNs agreed there is a need for additional training in caring for persons with delirium while only 21% of MDs agreed (p = 0.031). Understanding how different types of clinicians think and feel about delirium will inform training and communication initiatives, clinical implementation, and research on best practices for delirium identification and management.

scholarly journals Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing but neither xerostomia nor salivary gland hypofunction are associated with low intakes of fruit and vegetables in older Danish adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marie Lynge Pedersen ◽  
Anja Weirsøe Dynesen ◽  
Berit Lilienthal Heitmann
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Salivary Gland Hypofunction

Abstract Xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction are prevalent conditions in older people and may adversely influence the intake of certain foods, notably fruit and vegetables. Here, we aimed to investigate whether xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction were associated with a lower intake of fruit and vegetables. The study included 621 community-dwelling adults, mean age 75⋅2 ± 6⋅4 years, 58⋅9 % female, who had participated in the Copenhagen City Heart Study follow-up, and undergone interviews regarding food intake (preceding month), oral and general health (xerostomia, taste alterations, diseases, medication, alcohol consumption and smoking), clinical oral examination and measurements of unstimulated and chewing-stimulated whole saliva flow rates. The average total energy intake (8⋅4 ± 2⋅7 MJ) and protein energy percentage (14⋅8 ± 3⋅1 %) were slightly below recommendations. The average fruit (234⋅7 ± 201⋅2 g/d) and vegetables (317⋅3 ± 157⋅4 g/d) intakes were within recommendations. Xerostomia and hyposalivation were more prevalent in women than in men (16⋅4 v. 7⋅1 %, P < 0⋅001 and 40⋅7 v. 27⋅5 %, P < 0⋅001). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that older age (β −0⋅009, se 0⋅003, P = 0⋅005), smoking (β −0⋅212, se 0⋅060, P = 0⋅0005) and wearing complete dentures/being partially or fully edentulous (β −0⋅141, se 0⋅048, P = 0⋅003), but neither xerostomia nor salivary flow rates were associated with an inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, after adjustment for covariates. Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing were stronger determinants of low fruit and vegetable intakes than xerostomia and salivary hypofunction supporting the importance of dietary counselling and maintenance of oral health and an adequate masticatory performance.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Marketers Project Their Personal Preferences onto Consumers: Overcoming the Threat of Egocentric Decision Making

2021 ◽  
pp. 002224372199837
Author(s):  
Walter Herzog ◽  
Johannes D. Hattula ◽  
Darren W. Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Marketing Managers ◽  
False Consensus Effect ◽  
False Consensus ◽  
High Level

This research explores how marketing managers can avoid the so-called false consensus effect—the egocentric tendency to project personal preferences onto consumers. Two pilot studies were conducted to provide evidence for the managerial importance of this research question and to explore how marketing managers attempt to avoid false consensus effects in practice. The results suggest that the debiasing tactic most frequently used by marketers is to suppress their personal preferences when predicting consumer preferences. Four subsequent studies show that, ironically, this debiasing tactic can backfire and increase managers’ susceptibility to the false consensus effect. Specifically, the results suggest that these backfire effects are most likely to occur for managers with a low level of preference certainty. In contrast, the results imply that preference suppression does not backfire but instead decreases false consensus effects for managers with a high level of preference certainty. Finally, the studies explore the mechanism behind these results and show how managers can ultimately avoid false consensus effects—regardless of their level of preference certainty and without risking backfire effects.

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