Influence of sex and year on carcass characteristics important in the marketing of second cross lambs

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
LP Thatcher ◽  
JJL Maden ◽  
CL Plant
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Ram Lambs ◽  
Clover Content

The carcass characteristics important for the marketing of ewe, wether and ram lambs were examined for lambs grazing annual pastures in northeastern Victoria. The lambs were Poll Dorset x (Border Leicester x Merino). The lambs grew on abundant, high quality pastures after a spring lambing in 1983. The climate in 1984 was very dry and the lambs were born in autumn when pasture availability was low, and pasture clover content reduced. Apart from carcass weight and fat depth (GR) which are used in the AUS-MEAT lamb carcass description, it was found that sex also influenced the level of subcutaneous fat; and also the GR measurement and distribution of subcutaneous fat. Sex did not, however, affect primal joint size in a commercially important way. It was concluded that lamb sex should also be included to improve carcass description, and this would be more important as larger carcasses were used. The area of the M. longissimus dorsi at the 12th rib (EMA) was not affected by sex, but it was a significant (Pc0.01) inclusion with carcass weight in predicting hindleg muscle content. Year affected level and distribution of subcutaneous fat, EMA, and primal joint size even after GR and carcass weight were described. However, the major influence of year was not clear, because there were 2 times of lambing in 2 years when nutrition was vastly different.

Effects of the percentage of Texel or Rouge de ľOuest genes in lambs on carcass characteristics and meat quality

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Carson ◽  
B. W. Moss ◽  
R. W. J. Steen ◽  
D. J. Kilpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Bone Content ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Ram Lambs

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of the percentage of Texel or Rouge de l’Ouest (Rouge) genes in lambs (0, 50, 75 or 100%; the remainder being Greyface (Border Leicester × Scottish Blackface)) on lamb carcass characteristics and meat quality. Ewe lambs were slaughtered at 34, 40, 46 and 52 kg and ram lambs were slaughtered at 40, 46, 52 and 58 kg live weight. Dressing proportion increased (P < 0·001) by 0·53 and 0·27 g carcass weight per kg live weight for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes respectively. Carcass conformation classification increased (P < 0·001) by 0·016 and 0·007 units (on a five-point scale) for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes respectively. Carcass fat depth measures were reduced by Texel and Rouge genes such that at a constant fat depth end point, carcass weight could be increased by 0·029 and 0·023 kg for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes. Carcass lean content increased (P < 0·001) by 0·99 and 0·27 g/kg for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes. Subcutaneous fat content was reduced (P < 0·001) by 0·36 and 0·29 g/kg for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes. Intermuscular fat content was reduced (P < 0·01) by 0·38 g/kg per 1% increase in Texel genes, whereas Rouge genes had no effect. Similarly, bone content was reduced (P < 0·01) by Texel genes only (0·31 g/kg per 1% increase in Texel genes). Warner-Bratzler shear force values showed a quadratic effect with increasing Texel and Rouge genes, with an initial decrease from 0 to 50% followed by an increase to 100%. Cooking loss increased (P = 0·05) as the percentage of Rouge genes in lambs increased. Increasing the percentage of Texel or Rouge genes significantly increased L* values (P < 0·01 and P < 0·05 respectively), b* values (P = 0·05 and P< 0·05 respectively) and H° values (P < 0·001).

Effects of sex and year on growth and live assessment of carcass characteristics of lambs grazing annual pastures

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
LP Thatcher ◽  
B Warren ◽  
PJ Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Fat Score ◽  
Clover Content

Lambs from the Poll Dorset x (Border Leicester x Merino) cross were raised from a late lambing in 1983 (a year when pastures grew unchecked and had high clover content) and 1984 (a year with intermittent dry periods and a low clover content in pastures). Multivariate repeated measures analyses were used to compare growth rates for rams, wethers and ewes within 2 periods of growth in 1983, and 4 in 1984. In all stages rams grew significantly faster than wethers and ewes, whereas wether growth rate exceeded that of ewes in only 3 stages. In general, when pasture availability and quality was high, rams grew faster than wethers by 0.3 kg/week and ewes by 0.5 kg/week. The rams grew 0.16 kg/week faster when pasture availability was limiting for a period in winter but lost significant (P<0.01) body condition, whilst ewes maintained both weight and condition. When good quality feed was again available, rams gained more weight than wethers, as did wethers compared with ewes, while rams and wethers gained more condition than ewes. Carcass weight and fatness, measured either as indicators of fat (GR measurement or fat score) or as total subcutaneous fat, could be predicted from assessments made on live lambs. Full liveweight, sex and year explained 41% of variation in GR, 48% in fat score and 79% in subcutaneous fat. Condition score, sex and year explained 45% of variation in GR, 52% in fat score and 57% in subcutaneous fat. Full liveweight, condition score, sex and year explained 80% of the variation in subcutaneous fat, 47% in GR and 57% in fat score. An interaction of sex with full liveweight in predicting carcass weight and subcutaneous fat indicated that as carcass size increased, the sex of the lamb became an increasingly important consideration when assessing characteristics important in describing lamb carcasses. Dressing percentage decreased by 0.08/kg as liveweight increased. This result was consistent over the 2 years, with opportunities for error being assessed and eliminated in the second year. Notwithstanding that this was an unimportant loss in real terms, published information showed an increase in dressing percentage with liveweight.

Carcass characteristics of heavyweight crossbred lambs. II.* Carcass composition and partitioning of fat

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Thompson ◽  
KD Atkins ◽  
AR Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Intermuscular Fat

Half-carcasses of 108 wether and ewe lambs from six genotypes, slaughtered at 34, 44 and 54 kg liveweight, were dissected into subcutaneous fat, intermuscular fat, muscle, bone and connective tissue. The six genotypes were the progeny of Dorset Horn and Border Leicester rams mated to Merino, Corriedale and Border Leicester x Merino first-cross ewes. As carcass weight increased, the proportion of subcutaneous and intermuscular fat increased (b > 1 ; P < 0.05) and the proportion of muscle and bone decreased (b < 1; P < 0.05). Lambs sired by Border Leicester rams had more subcutaneous fat (12.7%), more intermuscular fat (7.6%) and more bone (5.7%) than lambs sired by Dorset Horn rams at the same carcass weight (P< 0.05). Similarly, lambs sired by Dorset Horn rams had more muscle (7.2%) than lambs sired by Border Leicester rams at the same carcass weight (P < 0.05). Breed of dam had no effect on carcass composition. Wether lambs had a greater proportion of bone (5.7%) than ewe lambs at the same carcass weight (P < 0.05). The breed of sire effect and the lack of a breed of dam effect on carcass composition, in conjunction with estimated mature weights for the breeds, suggest possible differences between sire and dam breeds in the partitioning of fat between the carcass and non-carcass depots. ____________________ *Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 30: 1197 (1979).

scholarly journals Seasonal and year dynamics in the quality characteristics in pig carcasses

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jivko Nakev ◽  
Teodora Popova ◽  
Maya Ignatova ◽  
Penka Marinova ◽  
Tania Nikolova
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Pig Carcasses

The aim of our study was to assess the dynamics of the characteristics in pig carcasses as affected by the season and year of slaughter. A total of 106 027 carcasses of growing-finishing pigs of commercial production, slaughtered in the same abattoir in 2014 and 2015 were included in the study. The carcasses were classified using UltraFOM 200 device, as the characteristics controlled were back-fat thickness at two locations and the depth of m. Longissimus dorsi. These measurements were used to further determine the lean meat percentage. The results of the study showed significant differences in the dynamics of changes of carcass characteristics during the seasons and the years. The highest lean meat percentage was found in summer (56.48%), followed by spring (56.34%), autumn (56.29%) and winter (56.10%). On the other hand, the pigs slaughtered in winter displayed highest carcass weight and back-fat thickness at both locations.

Effects of growth path, sire type, calving time and sex on growth and carcass characteristics of beef cattle in the agricultural area of Western Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 504 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. McIntyre ◽  
G. D. Tudor ◽  
D. Read ◽  
W. Smart ◽  
T. J. Della Bosca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Estimated Breeding Value ◽  
The Imf

Growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of the steer and heifer progeny of autumn (AC: March–April) and winter (WC: June–July) calving cows following weaning in January in each of 3 years (2003–05) were measured. The cows were mated to sires with a high estimated breeding value for either retail beef yield (RBY), intramuscular fat (IMF) or both RBY and IMF. After weaning, the progeny entered one of three growth paths until slaughter at an average steer liveweight of 500 kg: (i) fast – fast growth from weaning on a high concentrate feedlot diet; (ii) slow – slow growth from weaning (~0.6 kg/day) to 400 kg liveweight followed by growth at over 1 kg/day on high quality pasture; or (iii) comp. – 10% weaning weight loss, immediately after weaning followed by compensatory or rapid growth of over 1 kg/day on high quality pasture. Steers on the fast growth path had higher (P < 0.001) P8 fat thickness than those on the slow or comp. growth paths whereas heifers on the fast growth path only had higher (P < 0.001) P8 fat thickness than those on the slow growth path. Animals on the fast growth treatment had higher (P < 0.001) levels of IMF% than the slow animals which were higher (P < 0.001) than the comp. growth treatment. AUS-MEAT and US marbling scores were not different among growth paths. Animals finished on the fast growth path had a lower (P < 0.001) RBY% than those on either the slow or comp. growth paths. The RBY-sired progeny had higher (P < 0.001) finishing liveweight and hot standard carcass weight than either RBY and IMF or IMF-sired animals. IMF-sired progeny had higher (P < 0.01) rib fat thickness than either RBY or RBY- and IMF-sired animals. There was also a similar trend for P8 fat thickness but the effects were not significant. The RBY-sired animals had lower AUS-MEAT marbling scores (P < 0.01), US marbling scores (P < 0.001) and levels of IMF% (P < 0.01) than either of the other two sire treatments. RBY-sired animals also had higher (P < 0.001) estimated RBY% than those from the IMF sires while those by RBY and IMF sires were intermediate and not significantly different from either. Calving time had little influence on most carcass characteristics. However, WC animals tended to be fatter and have higher marbling scores than AC animals. The IMF% was higher (P < 0.01) in WC animals from RBY and IMF sires than in the corresponding AC animals. Heifers had lighter slaughter liveweight, carcass weight, were fatter and had higher marbling scores than steers. Heifers also had lower (P < 0.001) RBY% than the steers. Ossification scores for heifers were higher (P < 0.001) than for steers by ~30 units in AC calves and by 20 units in WC calves. The results of this experiment confirm the effectiveness of using sires with high estimated breeding value for the required characteristics in producing the desired improvements in the progeny. The absence of any interactions of sire type with growth path indicates that differences between sire types will be similar regardless of environmental conditions. Animals raised on a faster growth path after weaning produce carcasses with more fat and more IMF% than those grown on slower growth paths.

scholarly journals Lipid Metabolism, Carcass Characteristics and Longissimus dorsi Muscle Fatty Acid Composition of Tropical Crossbred Beef Cattle in Response to Desmanthus spp. Forage Backgrounding

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Felista W. Mwangi ◽  
David J. C. Blignaut ◽  
Edward Charmley ◽  
Christopher P. Gardiner ◽  
Bunmi S. Malau-Aduli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Pufa Ratio ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Fa Composition

Lipid metabolism, carcass characteristics and fatty acid (FA) composition of the Longissimus dorsi (loin eye) muscle were evaluated in tropical crossbred steers backgrounded on Desmanthus spp. (desmanthus) with or without feedlot finishing. It was hypothesized that steers backgrounded on isonitrogenous diets augmented with incremental proportions of desmanthus will produce carcasses with similar characteristics and FA composition. Forty-eight Brahman, Charbray and Droughtmaster crossbred beef steers were backgrounded for 140 days on Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay augmented with 0, 15, 30 or 45 percent desmanthus on dry matter basis. Lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay was added to the 0, 15 and 30 percent desmanthus diets to ensure that they were isonitrogenous with the 45 percent desmanthus diet. After backgrounding, the two heaviest steers in each pen were slaughtered and the rest were finished in the feedlot for 95 days before slaughter. Muscle biopsy samples were taken at the beginning and end of the backgrounding phase. Carcasses were sampled at slaughter for intramuscular fat (IMF) content, fat melting point (FMP) and FA composition analyses. Increasing the proportion of desmanthus in the diet led to a linear increase in docosanoic acid (p = 0.04) and omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated FA ratio (n-6/n-3 PUFA; p = 0.01), while docosahexaenoic acid decreased linearly (p = 0.01). Feedlot finishing increased hot carcass weight, subcutaneous fat depth at the P8 site and dressing percentage (p ≤ 0.04). The n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was within the recommended < 5 for human diets. IMF was within the consumer-preferred ≥3% level for palatability. The hypothesis that steers backgrounded on isonitrogenous diets augmented with incremental proportions of desmanthus will produce similar carcass characteristics and FA composition was accepted. These findings indicate that a combination of tropical beef cattle backgrounding on desmanthus augmented forage and short-term feedlot finishing produces healthy and highly palatable meat.

scholarly journals Effect of breed type and ionophore supplementation on growth and carcass characteristic in feedlot hair lambs

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Salinas-Chavira ◽  
Alfredo Lara-Juarez ◽  
Abraham Gil-González ◽  
Jorge Jimenez-Castro ◽  
Ramón Garcia-Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Daily Gain

The effects of supplementing feedlot diets with ionophores and breed type were assessed on growth rate and carcass characteristics in hair lambs. Twenty four intact males, 12 Pelibuey × Dorper (PDo) and 12 Pelibuey × Damara (PDa) lambs, 17.9 ± 3.7 kg initial weight, were housed in individual pens for a 60-d feeding trial. The lambs were assigned randomly into four diets: control without additives (C); 25 µg/g monensin (M); 28 µg/g salinomycin (S); 28 µg/g S for 20 d, and 25 µg/g M for the next 40 d (SM). Each diet was supplied to six lambs. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four diets and two breed types of hair lambs (PDo and PDa). All diets were formulated to contain 14% CP and 2.6 Mcal ME/kg dry matter. At the end of the feeding trial carcass images were recorded in the last intercostal space (12th and 13th ribs) using ultrasound equipment to measure the Longissimus dorsi muscle area and subcutaneous fat (SF). The average daily gain (ADG), daily dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio, subcutaneous fat and Longissimus dorsi area were not affected by ionophore supplementation.. The Pelibuey × Dorper group tended to show better average daily gain than Pelibuey × Damara (262 g/d and 235 g/d, respectively). Daily dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio and subcutaneous fat were not affected by breed type. The Pelibuey × Dorper lambs had greater Longissimus dorsi area (16.74 cm²) than the Pelibuey × Damara (14.29 cm²) lambs. The growth rate was not influenced by the inclusion of ionophores. Pelibuey × Dorper lambs showed better average daily gain and carcass characteristics than Pelibuey × Damara lambs.

scholarly journals PSXII-17 Fiber content in diets for feedlot lambs: carcass characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 422-423
Author(s):  
Janaina S Biava ◽  
Nathalia R Eckermann ◽  
Thamires U Sturion ◽  
Daniel M Polizel ◽  
Paulo Dias Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Feedlot Lambs

Abstract The objectives of this trial were to evaluate the effects of levels of fiber in high-grain diets on carcass characteristics of feedlot lambs. Fifty-eight Dorper x Santa Inês ram lambs (initial BW 20.7 ± 1.19 kg and 75 ± 10.83 d old) were assigned to a randomized complete block design. The treatments were defined by the fiber (“Coastcross” hay) content in the diets (CP: 16,12% ± 0.92): 0F: no forage diet (NDF: 10.4%); 5F: 5% of forage (NDF: 12.1%); 10F: 10% of forage (NDF: 15.0%); 15F: 15% of forage (NDF: 15.5%); 20F: 20% of forage (NDF: 20.8%) and 25F: 25% of forage (NDF: 23.5%). The experiment lasted 89 days, at the end of this time, the animals were slaughtered (169 ± 10.83 d old) to evaluate carcass characteristics. There was a quadratic response for slaughter BW (0F: 46.3; 5F: 48.1; 10F: 49.4; 15F: 50.3; 20F: 48.5; 25F: 43.3 kg; P &lt; 0.01), hot carcass weight (0F: 24.8; 5F: 25.6; 10F: 26.0; 15F: 25.7; 20F: 24.3; 25F: 21.8 kg; P = 0.01), cold carcass weight (0F: 24.3; 5F: 25.1; 10F: 25.4; 15F: 25.1; 20F: 23.8; 25F: 21.2 kg; P = 0.01) and longissimus dorsis area (0F: 16.3; 5F: 16.5; 10F: 17.4; 15F: 16.5; 20F: 16.0; 25F: 15.1 cm2; P = 0.04). There was a linear decrease in the hot carcass yield (0F: 53.0; 5F: 53.3; 10F: 52.5; 15F: 50.9; 20F: 50.1; 25F: 50.2%; P &lt; 0.01), cold carcass yield (0F: 52.0; 5F: 52.2; 10F: 51.4; 15F: 49.8; 20F: 49.0; 25F: 48.9%; P &lt; 0.01) and body wall thickness (0F: 16.2; 5F: 17.0; 10F: 16.3; 15F: 16.3; 20F: 15.1; 25F: 13.6 kg; P = 0.01). There was no effect on subcutaneous fat thickness. In conclusion, the diet with up to 5% of forage allowed higher carcass yield; however, the heavier carcasses were produced by the lambs that received 10F diet.

A COMPARISON OF FEEDLOT PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF CHARBRAY × HEREFORD WITH HEREFORD STEERS

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. MacDonald ◽  
S. B. Slen ◽  
H. J. Hargrave
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Average Thickness ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dressing Percentage

Bulls of Charbray breeding and Hereford bulls were turned out with a commercial herd of Hereford cows in southwestern Saskatchewan in 1956. It was assumed the cows were bred at random. At weaning in 1957, 25 Charbray × Hereford (crossbred) steers and 25 Hereford steers were selected at random, weighed and removed to a commercial feed lot where they were fed in two groups to a desirable slaughter finish.Crossbred steers were heavier at weaning, gained more per day on feed and returned a higher hot carcass weight with a greater eye of lean area than Hereford steers. There was no significant difference between groups in dressing percentage, average thickness of rib fat, TDN consumption per pound of liveweight gain, or average muscle fibre diameters of samples taken from m. longissimus dorsi. The Hereford group produced a higher proportion of choice carcasses than the Charbray × Hereford group.

scholarly journals Effects of different energy source diets, as corn substitutes, on carcass characteristics and meat quality of feedlot lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251
Author(s):  
Leticia Jalloul Guimarães ◽  
Isabella Guartieri da Silva ◽  
Ana Claudia Ambiel ◽  
Fabiola Cristine de Almeida Rego ◽  
Caliê Castilho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Soybean Hulls ◽  
Citrus Pulp ◽  
Ram Lambs ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study evaluated the effects of different energy sources, as corn substitutes, on the carcass characteristics and meat quality of lambs. Twenty-four intact ram lambs were identified, weighed, and assigned to one of four dietary treatments: corn, citrus pulp, rice bran, and soybean hulls. The ram lambs were confined in feedlots, and when they reached 30 kg of live weight, they were slaughtered. A  completelyrandomized design with different replicates was used for the analysis, along with the Tukey-5% test. For hot and cold carcass weight, rice bran produced lower values than the other dietary treatments. For the red color content of the meat, citrus pulp presented superior values when compared to corn, whereas meat and fat color, loin eye area, and objective tenderness did not differ between treatments. Different energetic sources used to replace corn in ram lambs finishing diets did not affect the proximate composition and quality of the meat. Highlights:  • Addition of rice bran to the lambs' diet resulted in lower hot and cold carcass weight.• Animals fed soybean hulls presented the highest carcass compactness index values.• Rice bran extended the feedlot period of lambs in 59.33 days, been longer than the others energies sources.• Corn, rice bran, citrus pulp and soybean hulls did not change the quality of meat but the inclusion of rice bran should be carefully evaluated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document