Effect of cultivar and temperature on the coleoptile length and establishment of barley

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Radford
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Temperature Interaction ◽  
Selection Of

Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of 7 cultivars and 8 constant temperatures on the coleoptile length of barley seedlings grown in darkness. A field experiment was used to determine correlations between laboratory measurements on seed (coleoptile length, germination and weight) and barley establishment after deep sowing (at 80 and 110 mm). Cultivar and temperature both affected coleoptile length. Cultivars in order of coleoptile length were Orge Saida > Prior > Clipper > Schooner, Grimmett >Grit > Lada. Coleoptiles were longest (61-106 mm) at 10-20�C and shortest (28-36 mm) at 35-40�C. The cultivar x temperature interaction was significant (P<0.01), differences in coleoptile length among cultivars being greatest at low temperatures. Laboratory germination gave the best prediction of barley establishment for the sowing depth of 80 mm (adjusted R2 = 0.47), and coleoptile length and seed weight the best predictions for the sowing depth of 110 mm (adjusted R2 = 0.93 and 0.83 respectively). Strategies for improving barley establishment from deep sowings include cultivar selection, seed selection, selection of sowing time to suit seedbed temperatures and the use of seeding machinery which forms furrows directly over rows of deeply sown seed.

Seed size influences the coleoptile length of wheat

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Cornish ◽  
S Hindmarsh
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Seed Width ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Of

Variation in coleoptile length within and between 2 cultivars of semidwarf wheat (Triticum aestivum) was related to seed size. Seeds of cvv. Banks and Kite were separated by sieving for width into the size classes of >2.75, 2.75-250, 2.50-2.25 and 2.25- 2.00 mm. The mean grain weights of ungraded samples were 43.1 mg (Kite) and 34.3 mg (Banks), and for the subsamples were 52.4, 37.9, 30.4 and 20.7 mg (Kite) and 41.4, 33.2, 25.8 and 19.1 mg (Banks). The effect of size class on coleoptile length was significant (P<0.01). Over both cultivars, coleoptile length declined by 0.37 mm per mg reduction in seed weight. Kite produced the longer coleoptiles overall, 87.5 mm compared with 59.0 mm for Banks. However, only 3.3 mm of this difference can be accounted for by the mean difference in seed weight (8.8 mg) and the effect of seed weight on coleoptile length (0.37 mm/mg). Genetic differences, apart from adult plant height, appear to explain most of the difference in coleoptile length between the cultivars. There was considerable genetic variability within genotypes. In Banks, with seed width >2.75 mm (41.4 mg per seed), the lengths of coleoptiles ranged from 24-89 mm (mean 65.1 mm), suggesting considerable scope for the selection of genotypes with longer coleoptiles.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Polyphenolic Profile of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Green Husks and Liqueurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Dijana Kulačanin ◽  
Sandra Bijelić ◽  
Jovana Šućur ◽  
Borivoje Bogdanović ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Polyphenolic Content ◽  
Polyphenolic Profile ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Time Point

SummaryThe beneficial effects of walnuts and walnut products on human health, due primarily to their rich polyphenolic content, have been appreciated as an empirical fact for centuries. The purpose of this study is to determine the polyphenolic contents of liqueurs made from the walnut selections ‘Rasna’ and ‘Sava’ and the walnut cultivar ‘Šampion’ (all harvested at three different times), as well as the polyphenolic contents of their green husks. The walnut liqueurs were prepared according to two traditional recipes using young walnut fruits. The highest antioxidant capacity was recorded in the liqueur made from the ‘Rasna’ walnut selection (89.94%), whereas the highest contents of phenols (83.28 mg GAE/g FW), flavonoids (0.83 mg QE/g FW) and proanthocyanidins were found in the liqueur made from the ‘Šampion’ cultivar (14.75 mg CE/g FW). The youngest ‘Rasna’ walnuts, harvested at the first experimental time point, exhibited the highest phenolic and tannin contents, whereas the highest flavonoid content was observed in the ‘Šampion’ cultivar. The biochemical results obtained indicate a decrease in the polyphenolic content of walnut fruits with their growth and development. Moreover, the polyphenolic profiles of the walnut liqueurs considered were found to be greatly affected by the method of preparation and the cultivar/selection of walnuts.

scholarly journals Alternaria Late Blight (Alternaria alternata) Resistance in Pistachio (Pistacia vera) and Selection of Resistant Genotypes

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Cheng T. Chao ◽  
Dan E. Parfitt ◽  
Themis J. Michailides
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Pistacia Vera ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Resistant Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) progeny were evaluated at two locations in California for resistance to alternaria late blight caused by Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler in 1995 and 1997. Large differences in alternaria late blight infection among seedlings were observed. Narrow sense heritabilities based on half-sib analysis of 20 open pollinated families were 0.48 and 0.11 at Kearney Agricultural Center in 1995 and 1997, respectively, and 0.56 and 0.54 at the Wolfskill Experimental Orchard near Davis in 1995 and 1997, respectively. Differences among families to alternaria late blight infection were highly significant and associated with the female parents. Fifty-eight highly resistant seedlings were identified for future cultivar selection efforts.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Variation in Fruit Morphology among Provenances ofSclerocarya birrea(A. Rich.) Hochst.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idah Mkwezalamba ◽  
Chimuleke R. Y. Munthali ◽  
Edward Missanjo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Selection Of

Sclerocarya birrea(A. Rich.) Hochst. is a multipurpose fruit tree which is very useful in providing food security and meeting nutritional and economic needs. This study was conducted to assess eighteen provenances ofSclerocarya birreaplanted in Mangochi, Malawi. The trial was assessed for fruit traits at fifteen years of age. There were significant (P<0.001) variations among the provenances in number of fruits, fruit weight, pulp weight, seed weight, fruit length, and diameter. Magunde provenance from Mozambique had the highest mean number of fruits, 2196 ± 200. Mangochi and Moamba provenances from Malawi and Mozambique were the most outstanding in the other parameters measured attaining the mean fruit weight of 20.89 ± 0.25 g and 25.67 ± 0.67 g, pulp weight of 25.70 ± 0.08 g and 21.55 ± 0.83 g, seed weight of 4.81 ± 0.35 g and 4.12 ± 0.18 g, fruit length of 2.61 ± 0.14 cm and 2.33 ± 0.07 cm, and fruit diameter of 2.33 ± 0.15 cm and 1.97 ± 0.08 cm, respectively. There was no significant (P>0.05) correlation between number of fruits and the other fruit traits. However, there were significant (P<0.05) and strong positive relationships between fruit weight and pulp weight (r=0.987) and fruit length and diameter (r=0.775). This suggests that fruit weight can be used indirectly for selection of pulp. Further studies should investigate fruit taste quality of products from the fruits.

scholarly journals Growth and Yield Performance of Bari Mung-5 Under Different Time of Sowing

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231
Author(s):  
Nargis Jahan ◽  
M M Golam Adam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Pod Length

A field experiment was carried out at University of Dhaka from March to July, 2011 to study the effect of time of sowing on the growth and yield of BARI mung-5. The treatments consisted of three dates of sowing viz. March 15, April 15 and May 15. The crop responded significantly to sowing time and 15 April sowing seeds produced plants having maximum plant height (68.4 cm), leaves/plant (29.33), total dry matter/plant (17.99), branches/plant (8.17), pods/plant (11.33), pod length (8.78 cm), seeds/pod (11.17), 1000 seed weight (46.52 g), seed yield/plant (5.33 g), yield/ha (1.77 t) and harvest index (29.58 %) at harvest. The seed yield decreased by 36.8 and 49.9% when seed sown early (15 March) or late (15 May) due to production of lower yield components.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i2.12966   Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 2, 227-231, 2012    

Automatic Seeded Region Growing Image Segmentation for Medical Image Segmentation: A Brief Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050018
Author(s):  
Neeraj Shrivastava ◽  
Jyoti Bharti
Keyword(s):  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Region Growing ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Medical Image Segmentation ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Seeded Region Growing ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Edge Based ◽  
Seed Points ◽  
Selection Of

In the domain of computer technology, image processing strategies have become a part of various applications. A few broadly used image segmentation methods have been characterized as seeded region growing (SRG), edge-based image segmentation, fuzzy [Formula: see text]-means image segmentation, etc. SRG is a quick, strongly formed and impressive image segmentation algorithm. In this paper, we delve into different applications of SRG and their analysis. SRG delivers better results in analysis of magnetic resonance images, brain image, breast images, etc. On the other hand, it has some limitations as well. For example, the seed points have to be selected manually and this manual selection of seed points at the time of segmentation brings about wrong selection of regions. So, a review of some automatic seed selection methods with their advantages, disadvantages and applications in different fields has been presented.

Emergence, stand establishment and vigour of deep-sown Australian and CIMMYT wheats

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gooding ◽  
T. L. Botwright Acuña ◽  
P. N. Fox ◽  
L. J. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Field Site ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Early Vigour ◽  
Australian Wheat ◽  
Seedling Characteristics ◽  
Rapid Emergence

The short coleoptile of the majority of released Australian wheat cultivars, is well-documented to increase time to emergence and reduce stand establishment. We examined the effect of seeding depth on coleoptile length and seedling characteristics of 36 CIMMYT wheats, bred for their ability to emerge from deep sowing, relative to 14 Australian cultivars in controlled and field environments. Coleoptile length of one of the CIMMYT lines, Berkut, exceeded that of Vigour 18 when grown in the dark in a controlled environment. In a second experiment in controlled conditions, this time with a regular day/night cycle, seedlings of 4 CIMMYT and 4 Australian cultivars emerged from 5 and 8 cm sowing depths, but only 50% of the Australian wheats emerged from 11 cm, compared with 100% for the CIMMYT wheats. In a third experiment, 6 cultivars were sown at depths of 5, 8 and 11 cm at 2 field sites with different soil types (a sandy loam duplex and a red clay) at Kukerin, Western Australia. Field site and sowing depth interacted for emergence time, stand establishment and coleoptile length, with higher values of each at the clay site. The first internode elongated at both field sites, but to a lesser extent on the clay soil, where the response was only observed with deep sowing. CIMMYT wheats Parus/Pastor and Berkut were notable for rapid emergence, a long sub-crown internode and coleoptile, and above-average leaf area in controlled and field environments, in comparison with Australian cultivars. These lines hold promise as genetic sources of improved stand establishment and early vigour in wheats for use in Australia and similar environments.

An Interval Valued Fuzzy Soft Set Based Optimization Algorithm for High Yielding Seed Selection

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Sooraj ◽  
B. K. Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Hybrid Models ◽  
Soft Set ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Fuzzy Soft Set ◽  
Soft Sets ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Interval Valued ◽  
Selection Of

As seed selection is a challenging task due to the presence of hundreds of varieties of seeds of each kind, some homework is necessary for selecting suitable seeds as new varieties and kinds of seeds are introduced in the market every year having their own strengths and weaknesses. The complexities involved in the characteristics in the form of parameters results in uncertainties and as a result some uncertainty based model or hybrid models of more than is required to model the scenario and come out with a decision. Soft sets have enough of parameterization tools to support and hence is the most suitable one for such a study. However, as hybrid models are more efficient, the authors select a model called the interval valued fuzzy soft set (IVFSS) and propose a decision-making algorithm for the selection of seeds. A real database of seeds is used for experimental verification of the efficiency of the algorithm. This is the first attempt for such a study. The use of signed priorities and intervals for the membership of values for entities makes the study more efficient and realistic.

The thermal bar

1992 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 27-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Zilitinkevich ◽  
K. D. Kreiman ◽  
A. Yu. Terzhevik
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Laminar Regime ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Cold Zone ◽  
Thermal Bar ◽  
Simple Theoretical Model ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Zone Ii

A simple theoretical model of the thermal bar is derived on the basis of heat budget equations for the following three zones of a wedge-shaped water basin warmed from above: (i) stably stratified shallow warm-water zone; (ii) vicinity of the bar; (iii) convectively mixed deep cold zone. In contrast to the traditional approach, advective warming of the vicinity of the bar and associated facilitating of the thermal bar propagation are taken into account. Theoretical predictions are compared with the data of lacustrine and laboratory measurements taken from current literature. New laboratory experiments have been carried out to examine the laminar regime of the thermal bar.

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