Reproductive performance of ewes fed sweet narrow-leafed lupin seed infected with Phomopsis leptostromiformis

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 536
Author(s):  
KP Croker ◽  
MA Johns
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Infected Seed ◽  
Lupin Seed ◽  
Phomopsis Leptostromiformis ◽  
High Level

An experiment was designed to examine the reproductive performance of Merino ewes fed sweet narrow-leafed lupin seed infected with Phomopsis leptostromiformis and containing small quantities of the toxin phomopsin. Two groups of mature ewes were supplemented with lupin seed with either a low (2%) or a high (21%) level of Phomopsis infection at a rate equivalent to 500 g/sheep.day for a period from 14 days before the start of joining until day 17 of joining. A third group received no supplement. The percentages of lambing ewes with multiple births were marginally increased (P<0.10) in the supplemented ewes (14.3, 27.5 and 26.2% for the unsupplemented and the 2 and 21% Phomopsis infected seed groups, respectively) while the percentages of lambs born were 99.0, 93.6 and 112.8% for the unsupplemented and the 2 and 21 % Phomopsis-infected seed groups, respectively. Supplementation of ewes with lupin seed containing a relatively high level of Phomopsis (21%), but a low quantity of phomopsin, did not depress reproductive performance.

A note on the comparative reproductive performance of Friesland × North Country Cheviot and North Country Cheviot ewes on two levels of pasture prior to mating

1986 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
The Cross ◽  
High Level ◽  
Female Sheep ◽  
Improved Pasture

The Friesland or East Friesian breed of sheep is a heavy-milking type with a high level of prolificacy. The progeny of the cross with the Scottish Blackface female sheep (ewe) have been shown to have larger, heavier litters in a good lowland environment compared with crossbreds derived from other crossing sires (Boaz, Jones and Smith, 1980; British Friesland Sheep Society, 1983) and to have a higher twinning rate than Scottish Blackface ewes when mated on improved pasture on a hill farm (Doney, Peart, Smith and Sim, 1983). Information is required on the performance of crossbred ewes derived from Friesland sires on other hill breeds and run in less favourable environments such as are common in the hills and uplands.

The effects of clipping pregnant ewes at housing and of feeding different basal roughages

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Rutter ◽  
T. R. Laird ◽  
P. J. Broadbent
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Body Weight Change ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Wool Yield ◽  
High Level ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARY1. Forty Greyface (Border Leicester ♂ × Blackface ♀) and 40 North Country Cheviot ewes, due to lamb to a Suffolk ram in April 1969, were housed during December 1968 in eight groups of 10 ewes, the breeds being penned separately.2. One pen of each breed received a basal diet of either hay, grass silage or arable silage with a ‘high’ level of concentrate supplementation and one pen of each breed was given hay with a ‘low’ level of concentrate supplementation. Within each pen, five of the 10 ewes were clipped at housing and the other five were clipped in the following June.3. Voluntary intakes of the basal diets declined with advancing stage of pregnancy, particularly for those receiving grass silage. Feed had no differential effects on the performance of the ewes in terms of wool yield, body-weight change, birth weight of lamb per ewe or perinatal lamb mortality.4. The Greyfaces clipped at housing yielded less wool than those Greyfaces clipped in the following June. Time of clipping had no influence on the wool yield of the Cheviots. Wool grades were not affected by time of clipping. Ewes clipped in December performed significantly better than ewes not clipped until June with a higher proportion of ewes producing multiple births (P<0·1), a higher total birth weight of lamb per ewe (P<0·01) and a reduced perinatal mortality of the lambs (P<0·05). The total effect of this improved performance was that the clipped ewes produced 53 ·5 % more live lambs than those ewes not clipped until the following June.

Interaction between the effects of nutrition and season of mating on reproductive performance in crossbred ewes

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
IC Fletcher ◽  
PE Geytenbeek ◽  
WG Allden
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
High Level

The reproductive performance of first-cross Border Leicester X Merino ewes was measured at two levels of nutrition and at two seasons of mating. The number of dry ewes was greater at a low than at a high level of nutrition, and was greater at a December mating than at a March mating. These effects were independent. The incidence of both twin ovulation and twin births was greater at a high than at a low level of nutrition, and was greater in March than in December. These effects showed significant interaction. Seasonal changes in twinning rates were more pronounced at a high than at a low level of nutrition, and level of nutrition affected twinning rate to a greater extent in March than in December.

Bioassay of the contamination of lupin seed by the mycotoxin phomopsin

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
DS Petterson ◽  
JE Peterson ◽  
LW Smith ◽  
PM Wood ◽  
CCJ Culvenor
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Lupin Seed ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Phomopsis Leptostromiformis ◽  
Good Agreement

Samples of seed from commercial crops of Lupinus spp. in three States were tested for the presence of phomopsin, the causative agent of lupinosis. Each of 43 samples was tested in one of two laboratories using a nursling rat bioassay, and 12 of these were tested in both. Factors that could affect reproducibility of the assay were examined. There was good agreement in assessments of toxicity between laboratories. The efficiency of extraction was found to vary from about 15% at low concentrations of phomopsin to no more than 60%. Phomopsin was detected in 17 of the 43 samples, at levels ranging from < 6 �g/kg to 360 �g/kg. Phomopsis leptostromiformis infection was detected in 25 of 31 samples of seed from Western Australia, the highest infection level being 18%. The highest levels of phomopsin were found in samples with more than 8% infection.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Production and Culling Rate With Regard to the Profitability in a Dairy Herd

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
József Horváth ◽  
Zsanett Tóth ◽  
Edit Mikó
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
High Level ◽  
Production Losses

Abstract As milk prices move away from production costs, dairy farms are under increased pressure to find ways to protect profitability on the farm. Producers have some problems that they can improve. Improve the milk production, produce more milk to sell focused on quality (reduce the amount of high level of somatic cell count). The deterioration of animal health status (lameness, mastitis and different metabolic disorders) can have a serious impact on cow productivity, causing pain and discomfort, production losses and might result in a decision to cull the animal. Improving herd reproductive performance is an important aspect of profitable farm management. The aim of this work is to analyse milk production, reasons of culling and culling rate in different lactation on a dairy cattle farm.

The reproductive performance of Red Sokoto goats in Nigeria

1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. F. Adu ◽  
V. Buvanendran ◽  
C. A. M. Lakpini
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Red Sokoto Goat

SUMMARYAn analysis has been made of the reproductive performance of Red Sokoto goat of Nigeria. Data are based on records of 140 kiddings from 96 does. Age at first kidding was 435 ± 18·9 days. The mean litter size at first kidding was 1·45. Prolificacy increased with parity, the kidding percentages from first to third parities being 141, 186 and 200 respectively. Doe weight was significantly correlated with litter size (r = – 0·27). Repeatabilities of litter size per doe kidding and of litter weight were negative. Heritability of litter size was 0·08 ± 0·02. Birth weights were low, the mean weight of kids during the 3 years ranging from 1·48 to 1·64 kg. Doe weight was related to litter weight in a manner such that litter weight as a proportion of doe weight tended to decline as doe weight increased. The ratio of litter weights of singles to twins at any given weight of the doe was 100:180. Kid mortality by 3 months of age was 30·8 %. Mortality among twins was only slightly higher than singles. However, mortality in kids born in multiple births (triplets and quadruplets) was much higher. Birth weights of surviving kids were significantly higher than of those that died.

The influence of food intake and allyl trenbolone administration during lactation on plasma steroid concentrations and the reproductive performance of multiparous sows

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Costa ◽  
M. A. Varley
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Food Level ◽  
Large White ◽  
Influence Of Food ◽  
High Level

AbstractAn experiment was made to examine the effects of food intake and an orally active progestagen on plasma steroid concentrations and subsequent reproductive performance of multiparous sows. Thirty-five multiparous Landrace × Large White sows were assigned to one of four treatments immediately after parturition. Treatment H-AT sows were offered a high level of food intake throughout lactation: 3·5 kg of a diet containing 160 g/kg dry matter (DM) of crude protein and 13 MJ digestible energy per kg DM given twice daily. Treatment H+AT sows were offered the same food intake as H-AT sows and in addition they were given 20 mglday of allyl trenbolone (AT) mixed with the morning feed. Treatment L-AT sows were given 1·5 kg of the same diet offered twice daily during lactation and treatment L+AT sows were also offered this lower level of food intake and given AT. The respective levels of food intake were offered to sows from the 1st day of lactation onwards until weaning at 21 days post partum. Litter weights at weaning were influenced significantly by feeding level (P < 0·001) and also by AT administration (P <0·05). Sows on the high level of feeding had the heaviest litters and food-restricted sows had the lightest litters. AT treatment depressed litter weight at weaning. There was no effect of food level or AT on the plasma concentrations of progesterone or oestrogens during lactation. There was a highly significant (P <0·001) difference in mean plasma oestrogen concentration between high (H-AT and H+AT) and low (L-AT and L+AT) fed groups during early pregnancy in the subsequent cycle. Sows given a combination of high energy in lactation and AT (H+AT) exhibited shorter intervals from weaning to oestrus than both groups of food-restricted (L-AT and L+AT) sows fP <0·01) but treatment had no significant effect on either the farrowing rate or on the subsequent litter size. It is concluded that despite significant changes in the live weight and condition of sows and changes in steroid hormone concentrations due to food intake and the administration of allyl trenbolone, there were no significant effects on reproductive performance.

scholarly journals Insertion of an intrauterine catheter for post-cervical artificial insemination in gilts: a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Da Rosa Ulguim ◽  
Carine Mirela Vier ◽  
Felipe Betiolo ◽  
Pedro Ernesto Sbardella ◽  
Mari Lourdes Bernardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Catheter Insertion ◽  
Average Depth ◽  
Swine Farms ◽  
Routine Application ◽  
Level Of Difficulty ◽  
High Level

The aim of this case report was to characterize the insertion of an intrauterine catheter (IC) in gilts to perform post-cervical artificial insemination (PCAI). Attempts to insert ICs through the cervixes of gilts were performed using either a standard sow foam tip catheter (SFC; n = 25) or a standard gilt foam tip catheter (GFC; n = 25). The percentage of passage, depth and degree of difficulty for insertion were evaluated. The average depth of IC insertion was 10.1 ± 1.3 cm for SFC and 10.0 ± 1.2 cm for GFC. For both catheters, insertion depths of greater than 10 cm were achieved in the first insemination in 44% of gilts. Insertion depths of greater than 6 cm were observed in 72% and 60% of attempts using SFC and GFC, respectively. A high level of difficulty for IC insertion was observed, mainly while using GFC. In conclusion, the routine application of PCAI in gilts on swine farms remains limited by the low success rate for intrauterine catheter insertion. In further studies, we suggest evaluating reproductive performance using low insertion depths for PCAI in gilts, and assessing the use of sow foam tip catheter as a guide to introduce the IC.

Vital statistics for an experimental flock of Merino sheep. II. The influence of age on reproductive performance

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 699 ◽  
Author(s):  
HN Turner ◽  
CHS Dolling
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Age Structures

Estimates are given for various characteristics associated with reproduction rate, at each age of ewe from 2 to 10 years. In general, reproduction rate rose with increasing age to a peak, with a subsequent fall, the 10-year-old figure, however, being in most cases above the 2-year-old one. The peak occurred at 5–6 years for number of ewes lambing per ewe joined, at 6 years for survival rate of both single and twin lambs and for number of lambs weaned per ewe joined, at 7 years for number of lambs born per ewe joined, and at 7–8 years for number of multiple births per ewe joined. The estimates are used to predict the reproduction rate of flocks with different age structures, the conclusion being that the average number of lambs weaned per ewe joined would increase with the age of the oldest group of ewes even up to 8–9 years. Data from other sources are summarized for comparison. If survival rate can be improved, particularly for lambs from multiple births, then the older ewes will show an even greater advantage. Formulae are given which enable various criteria for reproduction rate, such as lambs weaned per ewe joined, to be broken into components whose relative importance can be assessed.

A standard technique for detecting seed transmitted Phomopsis leptostromiformis of lupins and for testing commercial seed in South Australia

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (116) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Ali ◽  
J Paterson ◽  
J Crosby
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Lupin Seed ◽  
Commercial Seed ◽  
Phomopsis Leptostromiformis ◽  
Agar Media

A standard agar plate method was tested for its ability to detect Phomopsis leptostromiformis on lupin seed. It proved to be reliable. The 95% confidence intervals of Phomopsis level of five seed samples were 13.2-1 5.8, 13.2-1 5.5, 15.4-1 7.9, 13.2-1 4.8 and 15.6-1 8.0. The characteristic colony produced by Phomopsis infected seeds on agar media was confirmed by microscopic examination for accuracy of detection and no exception was observed. The method is described in detail. The method was then used in a two year survey of 160 samples of commercial lupin seed from all parts of South Australia. The percentage of seed infected in these samples ranged from 0-20% and only 13% of the samples were free of P. leptostromiformis.

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