The effect of sugarcane mosaic virus on the yield of eleven grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) cultivars

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (97) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Henzell ◽  
DM Persley ◽  
DS Fletcher ◽  
RS Greber ◽  
LVan Slobbe
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
Yield Depression ◽  
Leaf Symptoms

The effect of a Johnson grass strain of sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV-Jg) on 11 grain sorghum cultivars was assessed in three experiments in which young plants were inoculated with the virus. The 11 cultivars were Alpha, Dekalb B17, Dekalb C42t, Dekalb C42Y, Dekalb E57, Goldrush, Pride, 051 61, Q5161 VR, Tx6I0SR and Yates 233. Severe yield depression (>50%) was observed in those cultivars that developed the red stripe and red leaf symptoms. The effect on cultivars producing mosaic symptoms ranged from tolerance (Tx610SR) to yield losses of ca 25%. Yield depression was primarily due to fewer grains per panicle and reduced grain weight. The number of panicles per ha was the least affected of the yield components. In most instances, the disease delayed maturity and decreased height. A virus-resistant cultivar (Q5161 VR) showed an increase in yield when inoculated with SCMV-Jg.

The resistance of maize inbred lines to sugarcane mosaic virus in Australia

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
DM Persley ◽  
IF Martin ◽  
RS Greber
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus ◽  
Couch Grass ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Johnson Grass

Maize inbred lines, derived from both Australian and exotic sources, and used in a breeding programme at Kairi, Qld, were screened for resistance to a Johnson grass strain of sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV-Jg). There was a good correlation between ratings made following manual inoculation in a glasshouse and those following exposure to natural field infection. Seven lines were highly resistant in both glasshouse and field ratings. A further nine lines showed an intermediate level of resistance following manual inoculation and developed from 0 to 7 % infection under field conditions when a susceptible line developed 99 % infection. Data obtained following the manual inoculation of plants in segregating generations of crosses between resistant KL 57 and susceptible KL 9 were consistent with resistance being controlled by a single dominant gene. Six lines (Pa 405, CI 44, Tx 601, Oh 07, Oh 7B, 38-11) that were used as sources of resistance to maize dwarf mosaic virus, strain A (MDMV-A) in the U.S.A. developed natural infection levels of less than 15% with SCMV-Jg. Only Pa 405 was highly resistant to manual inoculation. Four of 11 SCMV-Jg resistant lines were also highly resistant to manual inoculations with the sugarcane, Sabi grass and Queensland blue couch grass strains.

Antidotes Reduce Injury to Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) from Acetanilide Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 790-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Devlin ◽  
Loren J. Moshier ◽  
Oliver G. Russ ◽  
Philip W. Stahlman
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Benzyl Ester ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Seed Treatments

CGA-43089 [α-(cyanomethoximino)-benzacetonitrile], CGA-92194 {α-[(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl-methyl)imino] benzeneacetonitrile}, and MON-4606 [5-thiazolecarboxylic acid, benzyl ester, 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)], applied as seed treatments at 1.25 g/kg seed, prevented yield losses in grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench.] in the field due to metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide], alachlor [2-chloro-2′, 6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] or acetochlor [2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-6′-ethyl-o-acetotoluidide] applied at 1.7, 2.2 and 1.7 kg/ha, respectively. CGA-92194, applied at 0.8 g/kg seed, prevented yield reduction from metolachlor applied at 4.5 kg/ha. MON-4606 was more effective in protecting grain sorghum when applied as a seed treatment than when applied in the furrow with a clay or sand granule as carrier.

Inheritance of the resistance of Krish sorghum to sugarcane mosaic virus

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
BD Conde ◽  
RF Moore ◽  
DS Fletcher ◽  
DS Teakle
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
Sorghum Breeding ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

When two plants of Krish sorghum resistant to sugarcane mosaic virus were selfed or used in crosses with susceptible inbred lines, the segregation patterns of the S1, F1, bc1F1, F2 and F3 populations indicated that resistance is controlled by a single gene, with resistance dominant. One of the parents of Krish, i.e. Q12117 introduced from Coimbatore, India, as 'Sorghum halepense 2n = 20', is probably the source of the gene for resistance; tests of Q12117 revealed that three out of 34 seedlings were resistant after being inoculated with the virus four times. The relationship of the Krish gene with the N gene, which controls the mosaic and necrotic reactions in sorghums infected with the Australian Johnson grass strain of sugarcane mosaic virus, has not been definitely established, but it could be either closely linked or an additional allele at the N locus. The Krish gene for resistance has been transferred by means of a backcrossing program into several commercial sorghum breeding lines without losing its effectiveness against Australian and some overseas strains of sugarcane mosaic virus.

Relationship between lodging, certain morphological characters and yield of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

1983 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Esechie
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

SUMMARYStudies were conducted in two consecutive years at Mead, Nebraska, to investigate the relationship between lodging, certain morphological characters and grain yield of sorghum.Morphological characters correlated with lodging were plant height, length of prepeduncle internode and rind thickness. Lodging was negatively correlated with number of days from sowing to 50% bloom and grain yield but was not correlated with grain weight of the head.

Inheritance of the necrotic and mosaic reactions in sorghum infected with a 'Johnson grass' strain of sugarcane mosaic virus

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
DS Teakle ◽  
RF Moore ◽  
DL George ◽  
DE Byth
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Dominant Allele ◽  
Systemic Necrosis ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
Plant Colour

When 30 sorghum inbred lines were inoculated with a 'Johnson grass' strain of sugarcane mosaic virus, seven reacted with systemic necrosis whereas 23 developed systemic mosaic symptoms. Nine F1 populations, 11 F2 populations, and 17 F3 populations derived from one F2 were tested for reaction to the virus. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that inheritance of the type of reaction is controlled by a single gene. The gene does not appear to have been reported previously, and the alleles are designated N, n. Presence of the dominant allele results in systemic necrosis, whereas presence of the homozygous recessive results in systemic mosaic symptoms. Colour of the necrosis, i.e. whether red or tan, is controlled by another single gene, probably the factor for purple (P) or tan (p) plant colour. The N and P genes do not appear to be linked.

The inheritance of the red leaf reaction of grain sorghum to sugarcane mosaic virus infection

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 853 ◽  
Author(s):  
DM Persley ◽  
the late RF Moore ◽  
DS Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Dominant Allele ◽  
Bc1f1 Population ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Mosaic Virus Infection

The hypothesis that the necrotic red leaf and red stripe reactions of grain sorghum to sugar-cane mosaic virus – Johnson grass strain infection are independently inherited was tested. Five F1 and 15 F2 populations and one bc1F1 population were grown under both high (26.6–23.8°C) and low (15.5°) temperature regimes following manual inoculation with the virus. The results were consistent with the hypothesis that the presence of a homozygous recessive allele, termed rlf, conditions the expression of the necrotic red leaf reaction following exposure of plants to low temperatures. Plants express only mosaic symptoms in the presence of the dominant allele RLF and the absence of the N gene. The previously reported N gene and the rlf gene were shown to be independently inherited.

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